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UNDERSTANDING THE UNIVERSE: FROM QUARKS TO THE COSMOS

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The Big Bang, the birth of the universe, was a singular event. All of the matter of the universe was concentrated at a single point, with temperatures so high that even the familiar protons and neutrons of atoms did not yet exist, but rather were replaced by a swirling maelstrom of energy, matter and antimatter. Exotic quarks and leptons flickered briefly into existence, before merging back into the energy sea.This book explains the fascinating world of quarks and leptons and the forces that govern their behavior. Told from an experimental physicist's perspective, it forgoes mathematical complexity, using instead particularly accessible figures and apt analogies. In addition to the story of quarks and leptons, which are regarded as well-accepted fact, the author who is a leading researcher at the world's highest energy particle physics laboratory also discusses mysteries on both the experimental and theoretical frontier, before tying it all together with the exciting field of cosmology and indeed the birth of the universe itself.The text spans the tiny world of the quark to the depths of the universe with exceptional clarity. The casual student of science will appreciate the careful distinction between what is known (quarks, leptons and antimatter), what is suspected (Higgs bosons, neutrino oscillations and the reason why the universe has so little antimatter) and what is merely dreamed (supersymmetry, superstrings and extra dimensions). Included is an unprecedented chapter explaining the accelerators and detectors of modern particle physics experiments. The chapter discussing the hunt for the Higgs boson, currently consuming the efforts of nearly 1000 physicists, lends drama that only big-stakes science can give. Understanding the Universe leaves the reader with a deep appreciation of the fascinating particle realm and just how much it determines the rich beauty of our universe.

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In a brilliant flash about fourteen billion years ago, time and matter were born in a single instant of creation. An immensely hot and dense universe began its rapid expansion everywhere, creating space where there was no space and time where there was no time. In the intense fire just after the beginning, the lightest elements were forged, later to form primordial clouds that eventually evolved into galaxies, stars, and planets. This evolution is the story told in this fascinating book. Interwoven with the storyline are short pieces on the pioneering men and women who revealed those wonders to us.

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ASYMPTOTIC TIME DECAY IN QUANTUM PHYSICS

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Time decays form the basis of a multitude of important and interesting phenomena in quantum physics that range from spectral properties, resonances, return and approach to equilibrium, to quantum mixing, dynamical stability properties and irreversibility and the arrow of time.This monograph is devoted to a clear and precise, yet pedagogical account of the associated concepts and methods.

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Domingos H U Marchetti, Walter F Wreszinski

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DARK MATTER, NEUTRINOS, AND OUR SOLAR ..

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Dark Matter, Neutrinos, and Our Solar System is a unique enterprise that should be viewed as an important contribution to our understanding of dark matter, neutrinos and the solar system. It describes these issues in terms of links, between cosmology, particle and nuclear physics, as well as between cosmology, atmospheric and terrestrial physics. It studies the constituents of dark matter (classified as hot warm and cold) first in terms of their individual structures (baryonic and non-baryonic, massive and non-massive, interacting and non-interacting) and second, in terms of facilities available to detect these structures (large and small). Neutrinos (an important component of dark matter) are treated as a separate entity. A detailed study of these elusive (sub-atomic) particles is done, from the year 1913 when they were found as byproducts of beta decay  until the discovery in 2007 which confirmed that neutrino flavors were not more than three (as speculated by some).The last chapter of the book details the real-time stories about the regions that were not explored thus far, for lack of advanced technology. Their untold fascinating stories (which span up to 2010) are illustrated here datewise in full.The book concludes with the latest news that the Large Hadron Collider team at CERN has finally succeeded in producing 7 trillion electronic Volts of energy by creating head-on-collisions of protons and more protons (in search of God-particle). The energy produced was three times more than previous records.

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Our world is constantly changing, governed by continuity, dynamic interactions and boundary conditions. For many coasts, the common denominators contributing to these changes are sand, waves, tides, salt gradients, and human interaction, all themes that are treated in this valuable textbook.Confining itself to essentials, the coverage reflects centuries of theoretical and practical knowledge of Dutch coastal engineers. Focussing, where applicable, on linear theory, the book shows how the essentials of local coastal behavior can be reproduced and predicted.

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The name Wang Gungwu is iconic. He is one of the most eminent scholars and historians in Asia today and is renowned for his scholarship on the history of the Chinese diaspora in Southeast Asia, and the history and civilisation of China and Southeast Asia.A well-known scholar aside, Wang Gungwu has been an inspiring educator since he embarked on an academic career first at the University of Malaya and subsequently at the Australian National University before making his mark as vice chancellor of the University of Hong Kong from 1986 to 1995, chairman of the Institute of East Asian Political Economy from 1996 to 1997, and director of the East Asian Institute (EAI) of the National University of Singapore from 1997 to 2007.This book focuses on Wang Gungwu as an educator and scholar. The volume is organised into three parts. The first section highlights the writings of Wang in the field of higher education. There are 24 selected articles in this collection, many of which were previously published in prominent journals. Several essays originated as keynote speeches at conferences. Spanning over a period of more than three decades from 1971 (when he was with the Australian National University) to 2008 (when he was with the East Asian Institute), Wang shares in the essays his perspectives on a broad range of topics  the relationship between the university and community (both of which are not monolithic); the role of universities in Asia as global institutions; the benchmark of excellence in education in the Asia-Pacific region; the state of social science study in Asia; the shifting paradigms and their impact on research and writing; and the role of university in shaping modernity in Asia, etc. Despite the publication dates of yore, the issues discussed are not passe and are in fact of significant relevance to universities today.The second section contains a selection of over 50 books written and edited by Wang as well as those written in honour of him. The selection is not exhaustive but it serves as a quick reference guide for general readers to access the trove of Wang's works on Chinese diaspora and overseas Chinese; Chinese culture, history and civilisation; Chinese trade; maritime China; China's ideological battles; the Chinese Communist Party; China's political economy; China's reform; China's external relations; China and the new international order; Chinese world order; migration; nation-building; Hong Kong; Malaya; Malaysia; and, the Iraq War, etc.The third section provides a detailed chronology of Wang Gungwu's life and his illustrious academic career. Born in Java, brought up in what was then British Malaya, and having lived under Dutch and British colonial administration, the Japanese occupation, the Chinese revolution and the newly independent countries of Malaysia and Singapore, Wang's extraordinary set of experiences have enriched his writings as one of the leading historians of China and the doyen of scholarship on the Chinese communities of Southeast Asia.

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Many events that affect global energy production and consumption have occurred since the second edition of Energy in the 21st Century appeared in 2011. For example, an earthquake and tsunami in Japan led to the disruption of the Fukushima nuclear facility and a global re-examination of the safety of the nuclear industry. Oil and natural gas prices continue to be volatile, and the demand for energy has been affected by the global economy. The third edition updates data and the discussion of recent events.Energy in the 21st Century has been used as the text for an introductory energy course for the general college student population. Based on student feedback, we have included several features that enhance the value of the third edition as a textbook. In particular, we have included learning objectives at the beginning of each chapter, end of chapter activities, a comprehensive index, and a glossary. Points to Ponder are abbreviated as P2P in the Learning Objectives boxes and are provided throughout the text. They are designed to encourage the reader to consider the material from different perspectives.

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First Magnitude is an entry-level book for readers with brightly lit skies. Its purpose is to show them that all is not lost, that they can still enjoy personal astronomy and have an appreciation of the heavens no matter where they live. It concentrates on the Sun, Moon, the five bright planets, and on the 23 brightest stars, which are visible from just about anywhere. The book concludes with bright ephemeral phenomena: meteors, comets, and exploding stars. The concept is a platform for introducing the reader to the wonders of the nighttime and daytime skies and serves as an introduction to general astronomy.James Kaler takes delight in sharing with us his extensive knowledge and infectious enthusiasm for the study of the skies. He further discusses his thoughts on the evolving field of astronomy and expresses his surprise at having an asteroid named after him in honor of his outreach activities.

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New Trends in Control Theory is a graduate-level monographic textbook. It is a contemporary overview of modern trends in control theory. The introductory chapter gives the geometrical and quantum background, which is a necessary minimum for comprehensive reading of the book. The second chapter gives the basics of classical control theory, both linear and nonlinear. The third chapter shows the key role that Euclidean group of rigid motions plays in modern robotics and biomechanics. The fourth chapter gives an overview of modern quantum control, from both theoretical and measurement perspectives. The fifth chapter presents modern control and synchronization methods in complex systems and human crowds. The appendix provides the rest of the background material complementary to the introductory chapter.The book is designed as a one-semester course for engineers, applied mathematicians, computer scientists and physicists, both in industry and academia. It includes a most relevant bibliography on the subject and detailed index.

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Vladimir G Ivancevic, Tijana T Ivancevic

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JPN STRATEG CHALL IN CHANG REGION ENVIRO

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Japan faces significant challenges in both traditional and non-traditional areas of national security policy as the economic resurgence of China and the loss of US hegemonic clout significantly transform the strategic landscape of the Asia-Pacific region. How is Japan coping with this new global and regional politico-security environment? What strategic moves has it taken to best position itself for the future to maximize its global and regional influence? More importantly, how is Japan perceived within the region by traditionally close regional partners such as the US and Australia, by supporters in Southeast Asia, and by new competitors  most prominently China and India? What international role do these nations wish Japan to play? In this comprehensive volume, these crucial questions are explored in-depth by a group of scholars both distinguished and diverse.

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With Applications in Biomedicine, Materials Science, Nanotechnology & Petroleum Science

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Diamondoids are cage-like, ultra stable, saturated ringed hydrocarbons, which have a diamond-like structure consisting of a number of six-member carbon rings fused together. Adamantane is the cage compound prototype and the simplest diamondoid molecule. Diamondoids Molecules aims to present these fascinating substances in a novel fashion. The more intriguing facets of diamondoid molecules are comprehensively exposed and discussed, bringing state-of-the-art information to the reader, along with the history, fundamentals and perspectives of diamondoid science and technology.This groundbreaking book, especially devoted to diamondoid molecules, is of critical importance to the global techno-scientific community, and will be of great interest in many research fields such as chemistry, physics, material science, geology, and biological sciences. Moreover, it will attract readers from industrial, government and environmental agencies as well as scholars.

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G Ali Mansoori, Elmo Silvano De Araujo, Patricia Lopes Barros De Araujo

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This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the theoretical and experimental studies of atomic optical bistability and multistability, and their dynamical properties in systems with two- and three-level inhomogeneously-broadened atoms inside an optical cavity. By making use of the modified linear absorption and dispersion, as well as the greatly enhanced nonlinearity in the three-level electromagnetically induced transparency system, the optical bistablity and efficient all-optical switching can be achieved at relatively low laser powers, which can be well controlled and manipulated. Until now, the rapid rate of progress in applications of multilevel systems in cross-disciplinary field has made it difficult to newcomers to the field to obtain a broad overview of this topic. This monograph will serve the purpose.

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Manual of Pediatric Neurology is an easy-to-read and easy-to-access text based on clinical scenarios. The book comprises a collection of chapters that address frequently encountered conditions in all clinical settings. These include the management of seizures in the emergency department, treatment of epilepsy in the outpatient setting, acute and chronic management of headaches, tic disorder, neuromuscular illnesses, CNS infections, and many more. Emphasis is placed on signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests as needed, as well as practical advice on treatment. The book's matter also covers topics tangentially related to child neurology such as syncope and ventriculo-peritoneal shunt failure. Emerging and rapidly changing topics in child neurology such as neonatal neurology and the management of stroke in children are also addressed. One chapter is devoted to the care of child neurology patients at the end of life.

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This unique new book is a comprehensive review of the many current industrial applications of particle accelerators, written by experts in each of these fields. Readers will gain a broad understanding of the principles of these applications, the extent to which they are employed, and the accelerator technology utilized. The book also serves as a thorough introduction to these fields for non-experts and laymen.Due to the increased interest in industrial applications, there is a growing interest among accelerator physicists and many other scientists worldwide in understanding how accelerators are used in various applications. The government agencies that fund scientific research with accelerators are also seeking more information on the many commercial applications that have been or can be developed with the technology developments they are funding. Many industries are also doing more research on how they can improve their products or processes using particle beams

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Tools for Innovation in Science and Technology

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Science Sifting is designed primarily as a textbook for students interested in research and as a general reference book for existing career scientists. The aim of this book is to help budding scientists broaden their capacities to access and use information from diverse sources to the benefit of their research careers.The book describes why the capacity to access and integrate both linear and nonlinear information has been an important historic feature of pivotal scientific breakthroughs. Yet, it is a process that our students are rarely, if ever, taught in universities. This book goes beyond simply describing the features of great scientific breakthroughs. It discusses the basis for accessing and using nonlinear information in the linear research context. It also provides a series of tools and exercises that can be used to enhance access to nonlinear information for application to research and other endeavors.Topics covered include focal points in scientific breakthroughs, the use of concepts maps in research, use of different vantage points, information as patterns, fractals for the scientist, memory storage and access points, and synchronicities. Young researchers need useful tools to help with a more holistic approach to their research careers. This book provides the useful tools to support flexibility and creativity across a long-term research career.Roald Hoffmann  Winner of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Chemistry  has contributed the  to Science Sifting. More information on Professor Hoffmann can be found at .

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THEORY OF THE QUANTUM WORLD, THE - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 25TH SOLVAY CONFERENCE ON PHYSICS

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Ever since 1911, the Solvay Conferences have shaped modern physics. The 25th edition held in October 2011 in Brussels and chaired by David Gross continued this tradition and celebrated the first centennial of this illustrious series of conferences. The development and applications of quantum mechanics have always been the main threads in the history of the Solvay Conferences, hence the 25th Solvay conference gathered many of the leading figures working on a wide variety of profound problems in physics where quantum mechanical effects play a central role. The conference addressed some of the most pressing open questions in the field of physics.The proceedings contain the rapporteur talks which give a broad overview with unique insights by distinguished and renowned scientists. These lectures cover the seven sessions: History and Reflections, Foundations of Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Computation, Control of Quantum Systems, Quantum Condensed Matter, Particles and Fields, Quantum Gravity and String Theory and it ended with a general discussion attempting to arrive at a synthesis.In the Solvay tradition, the proceedings also include the prepared comments to the rapporteur talks. The discussions among the participants  some of which quite lively and involving dramatically divergent points of view  have been carefully edited and are reproduced in full.

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David J Gross, Alexander Sevrin, Marc Henneaux

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ANNUAL REVIEW OF LOW-CARBON DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA: 2010

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In the midst of global economic development, the world is rapidly running out of resources. It is imperative that the level of carbon emissions be addressed by countries globally. This is especially so in China, where industrialization, city development and progressive agriculture have developed substantially. This comprehensive and integrated annual review volume sets the precedent in addressing this issue by being the pioneering volume on China's low-carbon development efforts, based on research efforts conducted by the Climate Policy Initiative at Tsinghua  an independent, experienced and professional research group.Several key questions on the results of China's 11th Five-Year plan are explored by reviewing China's performance against targets, while key policies and institutions that were designed and implemented are described. With a focus on the effectiveness of low-carbon development policies in China during the period of 2005-2008 and a look at detailed key indicators of low-carbon development such as energy consumption, CO2 emission and low-carbon technologies, the Annual Review of Low-carbon Development in China offers some insights and questions to consider as China works to meet the future through 2020.

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Physics, Philosophy, and Politics in the Twentieth Century

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Leon Rosenfeld (1904-1974) was a remarkable, many-sided physicist of exceptional erudition. He was at the center of modern physics and was well-known as Niels Bohr's close collaborator and spokesman. Besides he reflected deeply on the history and philosophy of science and its social role from a leftist perspective. As both actor and acute spectator of modern physics and as a polyglot cosmopolitan whose life crossed those of many important people in both the East and West, as well as by virtue of his close collaboration and friendship with Bohr, Rosenfeld was an important figure in twentieth century physics. His biography illuminates the development, popularization, and reception of quantum physics and its interpretation in addition to the development of the political Left. The book draws extensively from previously untapped, unpublished sources in more than five languages.

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The modern history of Iraq is punctuated by a series of successive and radical ruptures (coups d'etat, changes of regime, military adventures and foreign invasions) whose chronological markers are relatively easy to identify. Although researchers cannot ignore these ruptures, they should also be encouraged to establish links between the moments when the breaks occur and the longue duree, in order to gain a better understanding of the period.Combining a variety of different disciplinary and methodological perspectives, this collection of essays seeks to establish some new markers which will open fresh perspectives on the history of Iraq in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, and suggest a narrative that fits into new paradigms. The book covers the various different periods of the modern state (the British occupation and mandate, the monarchy, the first revolutions and the decades of Ba'thist rule) through the lens of significant groups in Iraq society, including artists, film-makers, political and opposition groups, members of ethnic and religious groups, and tribes.

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Riccardo Bocco, Hamit Bozarslan, Peter Sluglett, Jordi Tejel

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CHINA-EU TRADE DISPUTES AND THEIR MANA..

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The European Union (EU) has now become the largest trade partner of China. While Sino-US trade relations and particularly the high-profile trade disputes between the US and China get considerable academic attention for geopolitical reasons, less research has been done on the Sino-EU trade disputes that gradually loom large on the horizon. This book delves into the trade disputes between China and the EU and identifies the causes for trade disputes. It examines how the disputes will shape China-EU trade relations, and offers a macro overview on how the issues can be resolved or at least how they should be managed.This timely book sheds light on Sino-EU trade disputes, putting these in global perspective and enriching the literature in this regard.