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Presidential scholars increasingly turn to science to address the fundamental issues in the field, but undergraduates are rarely taught the skills to do the same. The American Presidency introduces students to new insights produced by the scientific study of the presidency and the scientific endeavor itself. After chapters on the scientific study of the presidency and background information on the presidency, the text discusses prominent theories of presidential power. Chapters on presidential elections, the president's relationship with other political actors (such as Congress and the Supreme Court), the president's role in foreign and economic policy, and presidential greatness include guided research exercises that provide students with the opportunity to apply the scientific method to empirical questions with significant theoretical content. The American Presidency provides students with the opportunity to learn about the presidency and enables them to draw their own reasoned conclusions about the nature of presidential power.

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From optical fundamentals to advanced applications, this comprehensive guide to micro-optics covers all the key areas for those who need an in-depth introduction to micro-optic devices, technologies, and applications. Topics covered range from basic optics, optical materials, refraction, and diffraction, to micro-mirrors, micro-lenses, diffractive optics, optoelectronics, and fabrication. Advanced topics, such as tunable and nano-optics, are also discussed. Real-world case studies and numerous worked examples are provided throughout, making complex concepts easier to follow, whilst an extensive bibliography provides a valuable resource for further study. With exercises provided at the end of each chapter to aid and test understanding, this is an ideal textbook for graduate and advanced undergraduate students taking courses in optics, photonics, micro-optics, microsystems, and MEMs. It is also a useful self-study guide for research engineers working on optics development.

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Numerical and Statistical Methods for Bioengineering

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The first MATLAB-based numerical methods textbook for bioengineers that uniquely integrates modelling concepts with statistical analysis, while maintaining a focus on enabling the user to report the error or uncertainty in their result. Between traditional numerical method topics of linear modelling concepts, nonlinear root finding, and numerical integration, chapters on hypothesis testing, data regression and probability are interweaved. A unique feature of the book is the inclusion of examples from clinical trials and bioinformatics, which are not found in other numerical methods textbooks for engineers. With a wealth of biomedical engineering examples, case studies on topical biomedical research, and the inclusion of end of chapter problems, this is a perfect core text for a one-semester undergraduate course.

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A passionate and personal account of the early days of quantum information and quantum computing, this unique book is a collection of more than 500 letters between the author and many of the founders of these intriguing fields. Christopher A. Fuchs is one of the most penetrating modern thinkers on the philosophical foundations of quantum mechanics. This remarkable book follows his journey as he comes to grips with the quantum world. It contains correspondence with Charles Bennett, Gilles Brassard, Rolf Landauer, N. David Mermin, Michael Nielsen, Asher Peres, John Preskill, Abner Shimony, William Wootters, Anton Zeilinger, and many others. Filled with diary entries, anecdotes, historical selections, and research ideas, this book will fascinate physicists, philosophers, and historians of science.

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To address new demands in business computing, software vendors are introducing application server toolkits. The concept is to create clusters of low-cost computers that support one specific business area, then connect these clusters to the network. By using the network as the computer, one piece of software can support desktop computing, electronic commerce, and communication with mainframe software. Building Application Servers is a practical guide to application server technology, explaining the theory of network computing and providing practical techniques that use these tools to produce effective business solutions. It contains practical examples and program code that use UML, Java, RMI, and JDBC to illustrate design problems and programming techniques. The development framework offered in this book spans a variety of platforms, vendors, and architectures. Developers who are familiar with traditional client/server technology but want to learn how to move to distributed client/server computing will find this book useful.

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Thin films are widely used in the electronic device industry. As the trend for miniaturization of electronic devices moves into the nanoscale domain, the reliability of thin films becomes an increasing concern. Building on the author's previous book, Electronic Thin Film Science by Tu, Mayer and Feldman, and based on a graduate course at UCLA given by the author, this new book focuses on reliability science and the processing of thin films. Early chapters address fundamental topics in thin film processes and reliability, including deposition, surface energy and atomic diffusion, before moving onto systematically explain irreversible processes in interconnect and packaging technologies. Describing electromigration, thermomigration and stress migration, with a closing chapter dedicated to failure analysis, the reader will come away with a complete theoretical and practical understanding of electronic thin film reliability. Kept mathematically simple, with real-world examples, this book is ideal for graduate students, researchers and practitioners.

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This is the first book that provides a solid theoretical account of the foundation of the popular data format XML. Part I establishes basic concepts, starting with schemas, tree automata and pattern matching, and concluding with static typechecking for XML as a highlight of the book. In Part II, the author turns his attention to more advanced topics, including efficient 'on-the-fly' tree automata algorithms, path- and logic-based queries, tree transformation, and exact typechecking. The author provides many examples of code fragments to illustrate features, and exercises to enhance understanding. Thus the book will be ideal for students and researchers whether just beginning, or experienced in XML research.

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Business Models, Architecture, and Components

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E-commerce is still a volatile industry, but each day a new enterprise pops up promising to be the next big thing. The real challenge is to understand what is involved in using the Internet as a means to building a successful business. Rather than coming up with marketing hooks and product innovations, e-Enterprise: Business Models, Architecture, and Components demystifies e-commerce and describes how a business should determine its own future by taking the next step and becoming an agile 'e-enterprise'. Faisal Hoque introduces the concept of high-level abstraction of business processes and application functionality that result in reusable business and technology components. He provides a methodology that is critical for all business leaders and technologists trying to build an enterprise on the internet.

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Critical International Relations Theory after 25 Years

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It is now 30 years since the publication of seminal articles by Robert Cox and Richard Ashley, which introduced the project of critical theory to the international relations discipline. This 2007 book brings together a team of world-class scholars to assess the impact of critical scholarship on the discipline over this period and point to future directions for the critical project. The book is an authoritative overview of the current position of critical international relations theory. It is an essential resource for those working in critical international relations theory and for undergraduate and graduate courses on Internal Relations theory.

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Nicholas John Rengger, Tristram Benedict Thirkell-White

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War is invariably accompanied by debate, if not controversy, over the legitimacy of using force.  Alongside the longstanding state practice of justifying use of force is the increasing codification of legal rules on the use of force. In this volume a leading group of international authorities consider the issues surrounding the legitimation of force from several distinct disciplinary perspectives, including political science, law, history and philosophy. In particular, they examine the underlying question of whether and how international society's traditional norms of sovereignty and non-intervention can coexist both with the new norm of humanitarian intervention and with an increasingly hegemonial (if not 'imperial') role played by the United States. What is the difference between 'legality' and 'legitimacy'? Is the latter a truly universal concept or mainly a Western one? Are earlier ideas about 'just war' still relevant?

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David Armstrong, Theo Farrell, Bice Maiguashca

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Written by four experienced Nokia Telecommunications software developers, this is a practical book about object-based and component-based software development. The book concentrates on the most important issues in real-life software development, such as the development process itself, software architecture, the development of user interfaces, data management, and the development of large commercial software products. The book exemplifies the presented practices by using the Unified Modeling Language (UML).

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Ari Jaaksi, Juha-Markus Aalto, Ari Aalto, Kimmo Vättö, Derek Coleman

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Principles of Surgery Vivas for the MRCS

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Written for the Principles of Surgery viva of the MRCS exam by an examiner at both the London and Glasgow Colleges of Surgery and a successful recent MRCS candidate, Principles of Surgery Vivas for the MRCS provides the reader with sample viva questions to enable them to prepare fully for this section of the examinations. In A-Z format for quick reference, this book will be invaluable to MRCS candidates, undergraduate medical students and those sitting the FRCOG examinations. It will also serve as a valuable 'aide memoire' for the training surgeon or doctor at all levels of experience, especially those training junior staff.

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The primary goal of this 2003 book is to give a brief introduction to the main ideas of algebraic and geometric invariant theory. It assumes only a minimal background in algebraic geometry, algebra and representation theory. Topics covered include the symbolic method for computation of invariants on the space of homogeneous forms, the problem of finite-generatedness of the algebra of invariants, the theory of covariants and constructions of categorical and geometric quotients. Throughout, the emphasis is on concrete examples which originate in classical algebraic geometry. Based on lectures given at University of Michigan, Harvard University and Seoul National University, the book is written in an accessible style and contains many examples and exercises. A novel feature of the book is a discussion of possible linearizations of actions and the variation of quotients under the change of linearization. Also includes the construction of toric varieties as torus quotients of affine spaces.

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Risk Factors and Strategies for Prevention

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Since the first edition of this very successful book was written to synthesise and review the enormous body of work covering falls in older people, there has been an even greater wealth of informative and promising studies designed to increase our understanding of risk factors and prevention strategies. This second edition, first published in 2007, is written in three parts: epidemiology, strategies for prevention, and future research directions. New material includes recent studies covering: balance studies using tripping, slipping and stepping paradigms; sensitivity and depth perception visual risk factors; neurophysiological research on automatic or reflex balance activities; and the roles of syncope, vitamin D, cataract surgery, health and safety education, and exercise programs. This edition will be an invaluable update for clinicians, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, nurses, researchers, and all those working in community, hospital and residential or rehabilitation aged care settings.

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Stephen R. Lord, Catherine Sherrington, Hylton B. Menz, Jacqueline C. T. Close

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This book is an in-depth exploration of ENVY/Developer, IBM's team programming environment for Smalltalk and Java. Written by well-known experts in the area, it presents both introductory and advanced topics with detailed examples. The first two parts of the book introduce the basics that a developer or development manager must know in order to use ENVY in a project setting, including the development process and the organization of applications. The third part covers advanced programming and customization, including detailed information on administering, troubleshooting, and extending the tools. This book covers VisualAge for Smalltalk, VisualWorks, and VisualAge Generator in detail. In addition, the concepts and management presented within the book apply to VisualAge for Java. Code examples, tools, and add-ons, are available on the supporting Web site.

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The Faerie Queene is the first great epic poem in the English language. It is a long and complex allegory, which presents the first-time reader with many difficulties of allusion and interpretation. This book is the only convenient and up-to-date guide to Spenser's poem, and is designed as a handbook to be consulted by students while reading the poem. Each chapter is devoted to a separate book of the poem, and sub-sections treat particular episodes or sequences of episodes in detail. Dr Heale considers fully the religious and political context, and pays due attention to the variety of Spenser's literary techniques. She encourages close reading of the poem and a lively awareness of both its rich detail and the intricate interrelation of its episodes. This revised edition takes account of recent developments in Spenserian criticism, and brings the guidance on further reading up to date.

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This introductory account of commutative algebra is aimed at advanced undergraduates and first year graduate students. Assuming only basic abstract algebra, it provides a good foundation in commutative ring theory, from which the reader can proceed to more advanced works in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry. The style throughout is rigorous but concrete, with exercises and examples given within chapters, and hints provided for the more challenging problems used in the subsequent development. After reminders about basic material on commutative rings, ideals and modules are extensively discussed, with applications including to canonical forms for square matrices. The core of the book discusses the fundamental theory of commutative Noetherian rings. Affine algebras over fields, dimension theory and regular local rings are also treated, and for this second edition two further chapters, on regular sequences and CohenMacaulay rings, have been added. This book is ideal as a route into commutative algebra.

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This is the republication of a study originally entitled The Deaf Child and his Family which was a landmark in the study of early deafness. Dr Gregory's work, based on interviews with 122 mothers of deaf children under the age of six years, parallels that already done with hearing children and investigates with the same methodology the ways in which deaf children develop, change and are changed by their home and their wider environment. The book describes the everyday life of young deaf children and their families, looks at the deaf child's activities and their daily routine and considers the support and advice given to the parents during the child's early years. This republication, and the addition of a new introduction, coincides with the publication of Dr Gregory's follow-up longitudinal study of the same cohort of families in Deaf Young People and their Families.

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Susan Gregory, John Newson, Elizabeth Newson

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In the last two decades Cohen-Macaulay rings and modules have been central topics in commutative algebra. This book meets the need for a thorough, self-contained introduction to the homological and combinatorial aspects of the theory of Cohen-Macaulay rings, Gorenstein rings, local cohomology, and canonical modules. A separate chapter is devoted to Hilbert functions (including Macaulay's theorem) and numerical invariants derived from them. The authors emphasize the study of explicit, specific rings, making the presentation as concrete as possible. So the general theory is applied to Stanley-Reisner rings, semigroup rings, determinantal rings, and rings of invariants. Their connections with combinatorics are highlighted, e.g. Stanley's upper bound theorem or Ehrhart's reciprocity law for rational polytopes. The final chapters are devoted to Hochster's theorem on big Cohen-Macaulay modules and its applications, including Peskine-Szpiro's intersection theorem, the Evans-Griffith syzygy theorem, bounds for Bass numbers, and tight closure. Throughout each chapter the authors have supplied many examples and exercises which, combined with the expository style, will make the book very useful for graduate courses in algebra. As the only modern, broad account of the subject it will be essential reading for researchers in commutative algebra.

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Solitons, Nonlinear Evolution Equations and Inverse Scattering

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Solitons have been of considerable interest to mathematicians since their discovery by Kruskal and Zabusky. This book brings together several aspects of soliton theory currently only available in research papers. Emphasis is given to the multi-dimensional problems arising and includes inverse scattering in multi-dimensions, integrable nonlinear evolution equations in multi-dimensions and the  method. Thus, this book will be a valuable addition to the growing literature in the area and essential reading for all researchers in the field of soliton theory.