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CHEMICAL THEORY BEYOND THE BORN-OPPENHEIMER PARADIGM: NONADIABATIC ELECTRONIC AND NUCLEAR DYNAMICS IN CHEMICAL REACTIONS

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Nonadiabatic Electronic and Nuclear Dynamics in Chemical Reactions

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This unique volume offers a clear perspective of the relevant methodology relating  to the chemical theory of the next generation beyond the Born-Oppenheimer paradigm. It bridges the gap between cutting-edge technology of attosecond laser science and the theory of chemical reactivity. The essence of this book lies in the method of nonadiabatic electron wavepacket dynamic, which will set a new foundation for theoretical chemistry.In light of the great progress of molecular electronic structure theory (quantum chemistry), the authors show a new direction towards nonadiabatic electron dynamics, in which quantum wavepackets have been theoretically and experimentally revealed to bifurcate into pieces due to the strong kinematic interactions between electrons and nuclei.The applications range from nonadiabatic chemical reactions in photochemical dynamics to chemistry in densely quasi-degenerated electronic states that largely fluctuate through their mutual nonadiabatic couplings. The latter is termed as chemistry without the potential energy surfaces and thereby virtually no theoretical approach has been made yet.Restarting from such a novel foundation of theoretical chemistry, the authors cast new light even on the traditional chemical notions such as the Pauling resonance theory, proton transfer, singlet biradical reactions, and so on.

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Kazuo Takatsuka, Yasuki Arasaki, Takehiro Yonehara, Kota Hanasaki

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TIME-DISCRETE METHOD OF LINES FOR OPTIONS AND BONDS, THE

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Few financial mathematical books have discussed mathematically acceptable boundary conditions for the degenerate diffusion equations in finance. In The Time-Discrete Method of Lines for Options and Bonds, Gunter H Meyer examines PDE models for financial derivatives and shows where the Fichera theory requires the pricing equation at degenerate boundary points, and what modifications of it lead to acceptable tangential boundary conditions at non-degenerate points on computational boundaries when no financial data are available.Extensive numerical simulations are carried out with the method of lines to examine the influence of the finite computational domain and of the chosen boundary conditions on option and bond prices in one and two dimensions, reflecting multiple assets, stochastic volatility, jump diffusion and uncertain parameters. Special emphasis is given to early exercise boundaries, prices and their derivatives near expiration. Detailed graphs and tables are included which may serve as benchmark data for solutions found with competing numerical methods.

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The Hyperboloidal Foliation Method introduced in this monograph is based on a (3 + 1) foliation of Minkowski spacetime by hyperboloidal hypersurfaces. This method allows the authors to establish global-in-time existence results for systems of nonlinear wave equations posed on a curved spacetime. It also allows to encompass the wave equation and the Klein-Gordon equation in a unified framework and, consequently, to establish a well-posedness theory for a broad class of systems of nonlinear wave-Klein-Gordon equations. This book requires certain natural (null) conditions on nonlinear interactions, which are much less restrictive that the ones assumed in the existing literature. This theory applies to systems arising in mathematical physics involving a massive scalar field, such as the Dirac-Klein-Gordon systems.

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The goal of Inclusive Economics is to tie together various authoritative strands of contemporary economic theory into an easily comprehensible whole that illuminates the need for a broader approach to contemporary economic policymaking undistorted by obsolete 18th century rationalist assumptions about utility, ethics, worthiness and traditional culture. This is accomplished by elaborating the rationalist competitive ideal along the optimizing lines pioneered by Paul Samuelson (neoclassical economics); plumbing modifications necessitated by Herbert Simon's realist concepts of bounded rationality and satisficing; refined further by applying a pragmatist outlook to probe the consequences of relaxing Enlightenment teleological, ethical, spiritual and cultural taboos. The exercise will explain why competitive market economies guided by rational utility-seeking invariably are less productive, efficient, just and beneficent than most theorists concede, and will illuminate the full range of interventions needed to achieve better outcomes. We call this program in its entirety Inclusive Economics, including the integration of micro and macroeconomics.

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Ralph William (Bill) Pfouts, Steven Rosefielde

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LOGIC NON-VOLATILE MEMORY: THE NVM SOLUTIONS FROM EMEMORY

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Would you like to add the capabilities of the Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) as a storage element in your silicon integrated logic circuits, and as a trimming sector in your high voltage driver and other silicon integrated analog circuits? Would you like to learn how to embed the NVM into your silicon integrated circuit products to improve their performance?This book is written to help you.It provides comprehensive instructions on fabricating the NVM using the same processes you are using to fabricate your logic integrated circuits. We at our eMemory company call this technology the embedded Logic NVM. Because embedded Logic NVM has simple fabrication processes, it has replaced the conventional NVM in many traditional and new applications, including LCD driver, LED driver, MEMS controller, touch panel controller, power management unit, ambient and motion sensor controller, micro controller unit (MCU), security ID setting tag, RFID, NFC, PC camera controller, keyboard controller, and mouse controller. The recent explosive growth of the Logic NVM indicates that it will soon dominate all NVM applications. The embedded Logic NVM was invented and has been implemented in users' applications by the 200+ employees of our eMemory company, who are also the authors and author-assistants of this book.This book covers the following Logic NVM products: One Time Programmable (OTP) memory, Multiple Times Programmable (MTP) memory, Flash memory, and Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM). The fundamentals of the NVM are described in this book, which include: the physics and operations of the memory transistors, the basic building block of the memory cells and the access circuits.All of these products have been used continuously by the industry worldwide. In-depth readers can attain expert proficiency in the implementation of the embedded Logic NVM technology in their products.

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Charles Ching-hsiang Hsu, Yuan-tai Lin, Ching-sung Yang

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RECENT PROGRESS IN SILICON-BASED SPINTRONIC MATERIALS

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This book covers the crucial aspects of theoretical and experimental approaches for Si-based spintronic materials. The theory parts emphasize on two first-principles methods  the GW method to improve the insulating gaps of the half metals which are a class of materials ideal for spintronic applications, and the linear response theory to calculate electric and magnetic susceptibilities. Three growth methods for doping transition metal elements in alloy and layered forms in Si will be focused on. Also three methods for characterization will be presented emphasizing on how to interpret experimental results. Finally, recent progress made in the Si-based spintronic materials will be discussed. This book is intended for researchers and graduate students who are interested in designing and growing new spintronic materials, in particular, silicon-based.

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Ching-yao Fong, Liam J Damewood, Lin H Yang

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Towards a Rigorous Behavioral Theory of Complex Dynamical Systems

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The book Complexity and Control: Towards a Rigorous Behavioral Theory of Complex Dynamical Systems is a graduate-level monographic textbook, intended to be a novel and rigorous contribution to modern Complexity Theory.This book contains 11 chapters and is designed as a one-semester course for engineers, applied and pure mathematicians, theoretical and experimental physicists, computer and economic scientists, theoretical chemists and biologists, as well as all mathematically educated scientists and students, both in industry and academia, interested in predicting and controlling complex dynamical systems of arbitrary nature.

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DIFFERENTIAL GAMES: A CONCISE INTRODUCTION

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This book uses a small volume to present the most basic results for deterministic two-person differential games. The presentation begins with optimization of a single function, followed by a basic theory for two-person games. For dynamic situations, the author first recalls control theory which is treated as single-person differential games. Then a systematic theory of two-person differential games is concisely presented, including evasion and pursuit problems, zero-sum problems and LQ differential games.The book is intended to be self-contained, assuming that the readers have basic knowledge of calculus, linear algebra, and elementary ordinary differential equations. The readership of the book could be junior/senior undergraduate and graduate students with majors related to applied mathematics, who are interested in differential games. Researchers in some other related areas, such as engineering, social science, etc. will also find the book useful.

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EXOTIC NUCLEI: IASEN-2013 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN SYMPOSIUM

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IASEN-2013Proceedings of the First International African Symposium on Exotic Nuclei

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This book is a collection of talks presented at the First International African Symposium on Exotic Nuclei (IASEN-2013). The symposium was held at Cape Town, South Africa from 2 - 6 December 2013. The IASEN2013 was dedicated to the problems of producing and investigating nuclei far from the line of stability. The symposium was organized by two scientific centers: iThemba LABS, South Africa and the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna).The main goal of the Symposium was to discuss the latest results on the production and study of the properties of the lightest to heaviest nuclei, as well as the plans for future joint investigations in the field of exotic nuclei. The talks were presented by the leading scientists in the field. Among the topics of the symposium were the following: production and study of properties of nuclei in extreme states, strongly deformed nuclei, highly excited and nuclei far from the line of stability as well as nuclei having large angular momenta. New results of the investigations are presented in this book. In particular, the latest results on the synthesis of new superheavy elements are also presented. At the Symposium were talks devoted to existing detecting devices and accelerators of exotic nuclei as well as to the future projects for the creation of similar set-ups.

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Yuri Erastovich Penionzhkevich, Evgeni A Cherepanov, Dmitri Kamanin, Robert Bark, John Christopher Cornell

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MATHEMATICAL RESULTS IN QUANTUM MECHANICS - PROCEEDINGS OF THE QMATH12 CONFERENCE (WITH DVD-ROM)

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The book provides a comprehensive overview on the state of the art of the quantum part of mathematical physics. In particular, it contains contributions to the spectral theory of Schrodinger and random operators, quantum field theory, relativistic quantum mechanics and interacting many-body systems.It also presents an overview on the achievements in mathematical physics since the last conference QMath11 held at Hradec Kralove, Czechia in 2010.

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Pavel Exner, Wolfgang Koenig, Hagen Neidhardt

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AFFINITY AND EFFICACY: THE COMPONENTS OF DRUG-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS

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The Components of Drug-Receptor Interactions

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The interaction of a drug with a receptor generates a code of information having components of affinity and efficacy. How this information is translated into a response depends on the unique cells, tissue, organ or system in which the receptor resides. This book describes how to analyze various responses to estimate the affinity and efficacy components of the initial drug-receptor interaction. More specifically, it describes how to measure the affinity and efficacy of drugs through the analysis of single receptor activity, the activation state of a population of receptors, and responses downstream from receptor activation. More light is thrown on ligand-gated ion channels and G protein-coupled receptors in this book.The topics discussed include radioligand binding, estimation of agonist affinity and efficacy, competitive antagonism, inverse agonism, allosteric agonists and modulators, agonist bias, modulation of pathway selectivity, and the estimation of ligand affinity for active and inactive receptor states. The natural history and structure of ligand-gated ion channels, G proteins, and G protein-coupled receptors are also discussed.

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SPATIAL BRANCHING IN RANDOM ENVIRONMENTS & WITH INTERACTION

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This unique volume discusses some recent developments in the theory of spatial branching processes and superprocesses, with special emphasis on spines, Laws of Large Numbers, interactions and random media.Although this book is mainly written for mathematicians, the models discussed are relevant to certain models in population biology, and are thus hopefully interesting to the applied mathematician/biologist as well.The necessary background material in probability and analysis is provided in a comprehensive introductory chapter. Historical notes and several exercises are provided to complement each chapter.

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This book gives introductory chapters on the classical basic and standard methods for asymptotic analysis, such as Watson's lemma, Laplace's method, the saddle point and steepest descent methods, stationary phase and Darboux's method. The methods, explained in great detail, will obtain asymptotic approximations of the well-known special functions of mathematical physics and probability theory. After these introductory chapters, the methods of uniform asymptotic analysis are described in which several parameters have influence on typical phenomena: turning points and transition points, coinciding saddle and singularities. In all these examples, the special functions are indicated that describe the peculiar behavior of the integrals.The text extensively covers the classical methods with an emphasis on how to obtain expansions, and how to use the results for numerical methods, in particular for approximating special functions. In this way, we work with a computational mind: how can we use certain expansions in numerical analysis and in computer programs, how can we compute coefficients, and so on.

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FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRIC POWER ENGINEERING

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Electric power engineering has always been an integral part of electrical engineering education. Providing a unique alternative to existing books on the market, this text presents a concise and rigorous exposition of the main fundamentals of electric power engineering. Contained in a single volume, the materials can be used to teach three separate courses  electrical machines, power systems and power electronics, which are in the mainstream of the electrical engineering curriculum of most universities worldwide. The book also highlights an in-depth review of electric and magnetic circuit theory with emphasis on the topics which are most relevant to electric power engineering.

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CONTINUUM THERMODYNAMICS: P2:APPL & EXAM

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This second part of Continuum Thermodynamics is designed to match almost one-to-one the chapters of Part I. This is done so that the reader studying thermodynamics will have a deepened understanding of the subjects covered in Part I. The aims of the book are in particular: the illustration of basic features of some simple thermodynamical models such as ideal and viscous fluids, non-Newtonian fluids, nonlinear solids, interactions with electromagnetic fields, and diffusive porous materials. A further aim is the illustration of the above subjects by examples and simple solutions of initial and boundary problems as well as simple exercises to develop skills in the construction of interdisciplinary macroscopic models.

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DEEP THINKING: WHAT MATHEMATICS CAN TEACH US ABOUT THE MIND

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What Mathematics Can Teach Us About the Mind

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There is more than one way to think. Most people are familiar with the systematic, rule-based thinking that one finds in a mathematical proof or a computer program. But such thinking does not produce breakthroughs in mathematics and science nor is it the kind of thinking that results in significant learning. Deep thinking is a different and more basic way of using the mind. It results in the discontinuous aha! experience, which is the essence of creativity. It is at the heart of every paradigm shift or reframing of a problematic situation.The identification of deep thinking as the default state of the mind has the potential to reframe our current approach to technological change, education, and the nature of mathematics and science. For example, there is an unbridgeable gap between deep thinking and computer simulations of thinking. Many people suspect that such a gap exists, but find it difficult to make this intuition precise. This book identifies the way in which the authentic intelligence of deep thinking differs from the artificial intelligence of big data and analytics.Deep thinking is the essential ingredient in every significant learning experience, which leads to a new way to think about education. It is also essential to the construction of conceptual systems that are at the heart of mathematics and science, and of the technologies that shape the modern world. Deep thinking can be found whenever one conceptual system morphs into another.The sources of this study include the cognitive development of numbers in children, neuropsychology, the study of creativity, and the historical development of mathematics and science. The approach is unusual and original. It comes out of the author's lengthy experience as a mathematician, teacher, and writer of books about mathematics and science, such as How Mathematicians Think: Using Ambiguity, Contradiction, and Paradox to Create Mathematics and The Blind Spot: Science and the Crisis of Uncertainty.

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This invaluable book provides a comprehensive treatment of design and applications of rare-earth-doped fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers. Optical fiber amplifier is an important component for optical communication systems. It has applications as pre-amplifiers, post-amplifiers, and repeater amplifiers in evolving optical networks. Optical fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers are also important for high power industrial applications and sensors. The applications of fiber amplifiers were first studied in the late 1980's, since then the diversity and scope of such applications have been steadily growing.Fiber Amplifiers and Fiber Lasers is self-contained and unified in presentation. It can be used as an advanced text by graduate students and by practicing engineers. It is also suitable for non-experts who wish to have an overview of fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers. The treatments in the book are detailed enough to capture the interest of curious readers and are complete enough to provide the necessary background to explore the subject further.

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PATH OF WORLD TRADE LAW IN THE 21ST CENTURY, THE

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The advent of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995 transformed international economic law for states, enterprises, and nongovernmental organizations.  This book analyzes how the WTO is changing the path of international trade law and examines the implications of these trends for the world economy and the global environment. Containing 18 essays published from 1999 to 2011, the book illuminates several of the most complex issues in contemporary trade policy. Among the topics covered are: Is there a normative theory of the WTO's purpose? Can constitutional theory provide guidance to keep the WTO's levers in balance? Should the WTO use trade sanctions for enforcement? What can the WTO do to enhance sustainable development and job creation?

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Global Credit Review is an annual publication that provides an overview of the most important developments in global credit markets and the regulatory landscape. The fourth volume covers theoretical and empirical research on credit ratings and credit risk, and reports on recent findings and evolutions of the RMI Credit Research Initiative. The ultimate objective of this publication is to advance the state of research and development in the critical area of credit risk and rating systems. With a distinctive focus on topics related to credit markets and credit risk, this publication will be of interest to finance professionals, policy makers and academics with an interest in credit markets.

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LECTURE NOTES ON REGULARITY THEORY FOR THE NAVIER-STOKES ..

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The lecture notes in this book are based on the TCC (Taught Course Centre for graduates) course given by the author in Trinity Terms of 2009-2011 at the Mathematical Institute of Oxford University. It contains more or less an elementary introduction to the mathematical theory of the Navier-Stokes equations as well as the modern regularity theory for them. The latter is developed by means of the classical PDE's theory in the style that is quite typical for St Petersburg's mathematical school of the Navier-Stokes equations.The global unique solvability (well-posedness) of initial boundary value problems for the Navier-Stokes equations is in fact one of the seven Millennium problems stated by the Clay Mathematical Institute in 2000. It has not been solved yet. However, a deep connection between regularity and well-posedness is known and can be used to attack the above challenging problem. This type of approach is not very well presented in the modern books on the mathematical theory of the Navier-Stokes equations. Together with introduction chapters, the lecture notes will be a self-contained account on the topic from the very basic stuff to the state-of-art in the field.