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Based on the successful first edition, this book gives a general theoretical introduction to electrochemical power cells (excluding fuel cells) followed by a comprehensive treatment of the principle battery types - covering chemistry, fabrication characteristics and applications. There have been many changes in the field over the last decade and many new systems have been commercialised. Since the recent advent of battery powered consumer products (mobile phones, camcorders, lap-tops etc.) advanced power sources have become far more important. This text provides an up-to-date account of batteries which is accessible to anyone with a basic knowledge of chemistry and physics.<br>

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This concise book is intended to fulfill two purposes: to provide an important supplement to classic texts by carrying fluid dynamics students on into the realm of free boundary flows; and to demonstrate the art of mathematical modeling based on knowledge, intuition, and observation. In the authors words, the overall goal is make the complex simple, without losing the essence--the virtue--of the complexity.<br>Modeling Axisymmetric Flows: Dynamics of Films, Jets, and Drops is the first book to cover the topics of axisymmetric laminar flows; free-boundary flows; and dynamics of drops, jets, and films. The text also features comparisons of models to experiments, and it includes a large selection of problems at the end of each chapter. Contains problems at the end of each chapter Compares real-world experimental data to theory Provides one of the first comprehensive examinations of axisymmetric laminar flows, free-boundary flows, and dynamics of drops, jets, and films Includes development of basic equations Written in a style suitable for use as a textbook

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Modeling, Identification and Control of Robots

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Written by two of Europes leading robotics experts, this book provides the tools for a unified approach to the modelling of robotic manipulators, whatever their mechanical structure. No other publication covers the three fundamental issues of robotics: modelling, identification and control. It covers the development of various mathematical models required for the control and simulation of robots.

World class authority Unique range of coverage not available in any other book Provides a complete course on robotic control at an undergraduate and graduate level

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Modeling and Control of Economic Systems 2001

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This volume contains papers presented at the IFAC symposium on Modeling and control of Economic Systems (SME 2001), which was held at the university of Klagenfurt, Austria. The symposium brought together scientists and users to explore current theoretical developments of modeling techniques for economic systems. It contains a section of plenary, invited and contributed papers presented at the SME 2001 symposium. The papers presented in this volume reflect advances both in methodology and in applications in the area of modeling and control of economic systems.

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This volume is a valuable reference work for the student and the practising engineer in the chemical, pharmaceutical, minerals, food, plastics, paper and metallurgical industries.

The second edition of this successful text has been thoroughly rewritten and updated. Based on the long running post-experience course produced by the University of Bradford, in association with the Institution of Chemical Engineers, it covers all aspects of mixing, from fundamentals through to design procedures in single and multi-phase systems. Experts from both industry and academia have contributed to this work giving both a theoretical practical approach. It covers dry and wet powders, single and two-phase liquids, solid/liquid and gas/liquid systems. The range of mixers available for such diverse duties is dealt with, including tumbler mixers for powders, mechanically agitated vessels, in-line continuous mixers and jet mixers.

Coverage is given of the range of mixing objectives, varying from achieving product uniformity to obtaining optimum conditions for mass transfer and chemical reactions.

This volume is a valuable reference work for the student and the practising engineer in the chemical, pharmaceutical, minerals, food, plastics, paper and metallurgical industries.

The second edition of this successful text has been thoroughly rewritten and updated. Based on the long running post-experience course produced by the University of Bradford, in association with the Institution of Chemical Engineers, it covers all aspects of mixing, from fundamentals through to design procedures in single and multi-phase systems. Experts from both industry and academia have contributed to this work giving both a theoretical practical approach. It covers dry and wet powders, single and two-phase liquids, solid/liquid and gas/liquid systems. The range of mixers available for such diverse duties is dealt with, including tumbler mixers for powders, mechanically agitated vessels, in-line continuous mixers and jet mixers.

Coverage is given of the range of mixing objectives, varying from achieving product uniformity to obtaining optimum conditions for mass transfer and chemical reactions.

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Minimum Reinforcement in Concrete Members

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The ESIS-Technical Committee 9 on Concrete was established in 1990 and has met seven times. A proposal was put to European and extra-European laboratories entitled "Scale effects and transitional failure phenomena of reinforced concrete beams in flexure" which lead to several positive responses.

The central topic discussed by the committee was that of the minimum reinforcement in concrete members. The minimum amount of reinforcement is defined as that for which "peak load at first concrete cracking" and "ultimate load after steel yielding" are equal. In this way, any brittle behaviour is avoided as well as any localized failure, if the member is not over-reinforced. In other words, there is a reinforcement percentage range, depending on the size-scale, within which the plastic limit analysis may be applied with its static and kinematic theorems.

Carpinteri, Ferro, Bosco and El-Katieb propose a LEFM model, according to which reinforcement reactions are applied directly on the crack surfaces and a compatibility condition is locally imposed on the crack opening displacement in correspondence with the reinforcement. The theoretical model is found to provide a satisfactory estimate of the minimum percentage of reinforcement that depends on the scale and enables the element in flexure to prevent brittle failure.

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Many organizations and network administrators are looking for information on Windows 2000 and its new features. IT professionals responsible for installing, configuring and managing Microsoft products will be highly motivated to migrate to this new technology, based on its promise of reducing administrative overhead.
Microsoft Windows 2000 Server (the predecessor to Windows NT 4 Server) integrates network services for companies and administrators to set up and manage networks, remote access and extranets, as well as to manage other communications. Managing Windows 2000 Network Services will be the first book to focus exclusively on networking and integrated voice, video, and data on networks. Readers will learn how to deploy and integrate all Windows 2000 networking technologies within an enterprise network.

* The publication of the book will be with or soon after the release of Windows 2000
* Focuses completely on Network Services

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A Global Survey of Production, Applications and Markets 2001-2010

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Metal powders are just a tiny fraction of the global metals industry, yet they play a key role in such high-profile sectors as cars and consumer electronics. The global value of metal powder consumption has risen since 2000 to over $3.7 billion from under $3 billion. Part of this increase is due to recently escalating primary metal prices. The increase in overall tonnage shipped is in the order of 20%. This fourth edition of Metal Powders: A Global Survey of Production, Applications & Markets 2001 2010 has been completely revised to include the most up-to-date information available, in order to provide a coherent picture of the development and status of the metal powder industry. The report is an overview of the production, applications and markets for metal and alloy powders. The market data is presented primarily in terms of tonnages because of the widely different prices of these powders. Markets for each of the metal powder types are discussed in terms of the major application areas. Market data for the main geographical areas are based on industry statistics, supplemented by company annual reports and by private estimates. Other data and forecasts have been compiled from literature surveys, personal visits and telephone interviews.

* Review of metal and alloy powder consumption by type of powder and by geographical area* Market forecasts to 2010* Technical overview of metal powder production* Worldwide review of major producers

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This book examines the underlying mechanics of creating a fracture from vertical or deviated wellbores and the propagation of a hydraulic fracture in the reservoir.

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This volume, from an international authority on the subject, deals with the physical and instrumentation aspects of measurement science, the availability of major measurement tools, and how to use them. This book not only lays out basic concepts of electronic measurement systems, but also provides numerous examples and exercises for the student.

Ideal for courses on instrumentation, control engineering and physics Numerous worked examples and student exercises

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Paul Regtien, F. van der Heijden, M. J. Korsten, W Otthius

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The term "photomechanics" describes a suite of experimental techniques which use optics (photo) for studying problems in mechanics. The field has been in existence for some time, but has always lagged behind other experimental and numerical techniques. The main reason for this is that the interpretation of data, which whilst providing whole-field visualization, is not in a form readily amenable to the end-user. Digital image processing has become common within the photomechanics community. However, one approach does not fit all, and subtle variations in technique and method have been developed by different groups working on specific applications.

This primer enables the user to get started with their experimental analysis quickly. It is based on the universally popular MATLAB software, which includes dedicated and optimized functions for a variety of image processing tasks. These can readily scripted, along with the necessary mathematical expressions, for particular experimental techniques. The book provides an introduction to some of the optical techniques, and then introduces MATLAB routines specific to the image processing in experimental mechanics. There are also case studies on particular techniques.

As part of the book, a collection of M-files is provided on CD-ROM, which also contains example images and test code. This provides a starting point for the user, who can then easily add or edit statements or function for their own images.

MATLAB is a registered trademark of The MathWorks, Inc. For product information, visit http://www.mathworks.comhttp://www.mathworks.com

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Mathematics for Multimedia explains the mathematics behind multimedia applications such as compression, signal processing, and image/video processing. This timely and thoroughly modern text is a rigorous survey of selected results from algebra and analysis, requiring only undergraduate math skills. More specifically, it focuses on when and why modern robust methods provide more accurate results. The topics are 'gems' chosen for their usefulness in understanding and creating application software for multimedia signal processing and communication.

The course Mathematics for Multimedia has been offered biennially at Washington University since 1997. It has proved popular with students from sophomores to beginning graduate students who seek an innovative course of rigorous contemporary mathematics with practical applications. For the instructor, the material is divided into six chapters that may be presented in six lecture hours each. Thus, the entire text may be covered in one semester, with time left for examinations and student projects. For the student, there are more than 100 exercises with complete solutions, and numerous example programs in Standard C. Each chapter ends with suggestions for further reading. The book also describes and illustrates easy-to-use software for applying cutting-edge techniques.

This book is aimed at a wide audience, including computer science and multimedia students and professors as well as those interested in employing mathematics in multimedia design and implementation.
Explains when and why modern robust methods provide more accurate results Does not assume or require previous training in statistics Includes many illustrations using data from actual studies Describes and illustrates easy-to-use software for applying cutting-edge techniques

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Mathematical Models of Hysteresis and their Applications

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This new edition has been significantly revised and updated to reflect advances in the field since the publication of the first edition, such as the systematic experimental testing of Preisach models of hysteresis. The author has, however, retained the two most salient features of the original, the emphasis on the universal nature of mathematical models of hysteresis and their applicability to the description of hysteresis phenomena in various areas of science, technology and economics and its accessibility to a broad audience of researchers, engineers, and students.

Provides a unique emphasis on the development of universal mathematical models of hysteresis Accessibility to a broad audience, using simple and complex mathematical tools, application to various areas of science. Presents new theoretical and experimental results

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This new reference describes the applications of modern structural engineering to marine structures. It will provide an invaluable resource to practicing marine and offshore engineers working in oil and gas as well as those studying marine structural design. The coverage of fatigue and fracture criteria forms a basis for limit-state design and re-assessment of existing structures and assists with determining material and inspection requirements. Describing applications of risk assessment to marine and offshore industries, this is a practical and useful book to help engineers conduct structural design.

*Presents modern structural design principles helping the engineer understand how to conduct structural design by analysis*Offers practical and usable theory for industrial applications of structural reliability theory

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This book examines a new trend affecting cartography and geographic information science.  Presenting the work of over 30 authors from 16 different countries, the book provides an overview of current research in the new area of Internet Cartography.  Chapters deal with the growth of this form of map distribution, uses in education, privacy issues, and technical aspects from the point of view of the map provider - including Internet protocols such as XML and SVG.  <p>Many see the Internet as a revolution for cartography.  Previously tied to the medium of paper and expensive large-format color print technology, maps had a limited distribution and use.  The Internet made it possible to not only distribute maps to a much larger audience but also to incorporate interaction and animation in the display.  Maps have also become timelier with some maps of traffic and weather being updated every few minutes.  In addition, it is now possible to access maps from servers throughout the world.  Finally, the Internet has made historic maps available for viewing to the public that were previously only available in map libraries with limited access.

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Magnetospheric Research with Advanced Techniques

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Launches of several major magnetospheric research satellites (i.e., Polar, Wind, and Interball) set the scene for extensive multi-platform investigations of the Earth's plasma environment in the era of the International Solar-Terrestrial Physics Program. Exciting new results from this Program and the ongoing innovative advances to scientific instrumentation and spacecraft technology are vitally important for the international space community in preparing for future plans in the upcoming new millenium. This volume is a product of the COSPAR Colloquium held in Beijing on April 15-19, 1996 aimed to consolidate these achievements. It contains state-of-the-art articles in the four areas of modern magnetospheric techniques, namely, (1) active experiment in space, (2) innovative measurement technique, (3) multi-point observation, and (4) numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. Researchers in the space community, both novices and experts, are expected to benefit from this collection of articles.

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This book is intended as a text/reference for students, researchers, and professors interested in physical and biomedical applications of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Both the theoretical and practical aspects of MRI are emphasized. The book begins with a comprehensive discussion of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) phenomenon based on quantum mechanics and the classical theory of electromagnetism. The first three chapters of this book provide the foundation needed to understand the basic characteristics of MR images, e.g.,image contrast, spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, common image artifacts. Then MRI applications are considered in the following five chapters. Both the theoretical and practical aspects of MRI are emphasized. The book ends with a discussion of instrumentation and the principles of signal detection in MRI. Clear progression from fundamental physical principles of NMR to MRI and its applications Extensive discussion of image acquisition and reconstruction of MRI Discussion of different mechanisms of MR image contrast Mathematical derivation of the signal-to-noise dependence on basic MR imaging parameters as well as field strength In-depth consideration of artifacts in MR images Comprehensive discussion of several techniques used for rapid MR imaging including rapid gradient-echo imaging, echo-planar imaging, fast spin-echo imaging and spiral imaging Qualitative discussion combined with mathematical description of MR techniques for imaging flow

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Lyapunov Matrix Equation in System Stability and Control

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The Lyapunov and Riccati equations are two of the fundamental equations of control and system theory, having special relevance for system identification, optimization, boundary value problems, power systems, signal processing, and communications.
The Lyapunov Matrix Equation in System Stability and Control covers mathematical developments and applications while providing quick and easy references for solutions to engineering and mathematical problems. Examples of real-world systems are given throughout the text in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented methods and algorithms.
The book will appeal to practicing engineers, theoreticians, applied mathematicians, and graduate students who seek a comprehensive view of the main results of the Lyapunov matrix equation.

Presents techniques for solving and analyzing the algebraic, differential, and difference Lyapunov matrix equations of continuous-time and discrete-time systems
Offers summaries and references at the end of each chapter
Contains examples of the use of the equation to solve real-world problems
Provides quick and easy references for the solutions to engineering and mathematical problems using the Lyapunov equation

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Zoran Gajic, Muhammad Tahir Javed Qureshi

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People are immersed in electromagnetic fields from such sources as power lines, domestic appliances, mobile phones, and even electrical storms. All living beings sense electric fields, but the physical origins of the phenomenon are still unclear. Magnetobiology considers the effects of electromagnetic fields on living organisms. It provides a comprehensive review of relevant experimental data and theoretical concepts, and discusses all major modern hypotheses on the physical nature of magnetobiological effects. It also highlights some problems that have yet to be solved and points out new avenues for research.

Why do some people feel unwell during a lightning storm?

Why is there a correlation between the level of electromagnetic background and the incidence of cancer?

Why do so many medical centers use electromagnetic exposures to treat a wide variety of disorders in humans?

The international scientific community is extremely interested in a theory of magnetobiology and the answers to these and other questions, as evidenced by the growing number of research associations in the United States, Europe, and other parts of the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) has named electromagnetic contamination in occupational and residential areas as a stress factor for human beings.

This book stands out among recent texts on magnetobiology because it draws on a strong foundation of empirical and theoretical evidence to explain the various effects of magnetic fields on the human body. It contains the first comprehensive collection of experimental data bearing physical information, frequency and amplitude/power spectra, and original research data on how electromagnetic fields interfere with ions and molecules inside the proteins of living organisms.
Introduction is written so that it will be understandable to a wide scientific community regardless of their specialisation First comprehensive collection of experimental data bearing physical information, frequency and amplitude/power spectra Original theoretical research data on the interference of ions and molecules inside proteins Appendix covers physical questions most relevant for magnetobiology. In particular there is an original exposition of the magnetic resonance basic principles

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Long Wave Polar Modes in Semiconductor Heterostructures

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Long Wave Polar Modes in Semiconductor Heterostructures is concerned with the study of polar optical modes in semiconductor heterostructures from a phenomenological approach and aims to simplify the model of lattice dynamics calculations. The book provides useful tools for performing calculations relevant to anyone who might be interested in practical applications.

The main focus of Long Wave Polar Modes in Semiconductor Heterostructures is planar heterostructures (quantum wells or barriers, superlattices, double barrier structures etc) but there is also discussion on the growing field of quantum wires and dots. Also to allow anyone reading the book to apply the techniques discussed for planar heterostructures, the scope has been widened to include cylindrical and spherical geometries.

The book is intended as an introductory text which guides the reader through basic questions and expands to cover state-of-the-art professional topics. The book is relevant to experimentalists wanting an instructive presentation of a simple phenomenological model and theoretical tools to work with and also to young theoreticians by providing discussion of basic issues and the basis of advanced theoretical formulations. The book also provides a brief respite on the physics of piezoelectric waves as a coupling to polar optical modes.

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C. Trallero-Giner, R. Pérez-Alvarez, F. García-Moliner