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Chronobiology: Biological Timing in Health and Disease

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This special volume of Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science focuses on chronobiology. Contributions from leading authorities Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field

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The extraction of natural gas from shale formations is no simple task and perhaps the most expensive when compared to over unconventional gases. Although, its popularity has grown over the years, there is much to be done to make their production and processing more cost-effective. Brief but comprehensive, Shale Gas Production Processes begins with an overview of the chemistry, engineering and technology of shale gas. This is quickly followed by self-contained chapters concerning new and evolving process technologies and their applications as well as environmental regulations. Written in an easy to read format, Shale Gas Production Processes will prove useful for those scientists and engineers already engaged in fossil fuel science and technology as well as scientists, non-scientists, engineers, and non-engineers who wish to gain a general overview or update of the science and technology of shale gas. In addition, the book discusses methods used to reduce environmental footprint and improve well performance. Updates on the evolving processes and new processes Provides overview of the chemistry, engineering, and technology of shale gas Guides the reader through the latest environmental regulation regarding production and processing of shale

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Biogeochemistrywinner of a 2014 Textbook Excellence Award (Texty) from the Text and Academic Authors Associationconsiders how the basic chemical conditions of the Earth, from atmosphere to soil to seawater, have been and are being affected by the existence of life. Human activities in particular, from the rapid consumption of resources to the destruction of the rainforests and the expansion of smog-covered cities, are leading to rapid changes in the basic chemistry of the Earth.

This expansive text pulls together the numerous fields of study encompassed by biogeochemistry to analyze the increasing demands of the growing human population on limited resources and the resulting changes in the planet's chemical makeup.

The book helps students extrapolate small-scale examples to the global level, and also discusses the instrumentation being used by NASA and its role in studies of global change. With extensive cross-referencing of chapters, figures and tables, and an interdisciplinary coverage of the topic at hand, this updated edition provides an excellent framework for courses examining global change and environmental chemistry, and is also a useful self-study guide.
Winner of a 2014 Texty Award from the Text and Academic Authors Association Calculates and compares the effects of industrial emissions, land clearing, agriculture, and rising population on Earth's chemistry Synthesizes the global cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur, and suggests the best current budgets for atmospheric gases such as ammonia, nitrous oxide, dimethyl sulfide, and carbonyl sulfide Includes an extensive review and up-to-date synthesis of the current literature on the Earth's biogeochemistry

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Precharge logic is used by a variety of industries in applications where processor speed is the primary goal, such as VLSI (very large systems integration) applications. Also called dynamic logic, this type of design uses a clock to synchronize instructions in circuits. This comprehensive book covers the challenges faced by designers when using this logic style, including logic basics, timing, noise considerations, alternative topologies and more. In addition advanced topics such as skew tolerant design are covered in some detail. Overall this is a comprehensive view of precharge logic, which should be useful to graduate students and designers in the field alike. It might also be considered as a supplemental title for courses covering VLSI.
Comprehensive guide to precharge logic Explains both the advantages and disadvantages to help engineers decide when to utilize precharge logic Useful for engineers in a variety of industries

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Experience Dependent Developmental and Adult Plasticity

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In our industrialized world, we are surrounded by occupational, recreational, and environmental noise. Very loud noise damages the inner-ear receptors and results in hearing loss, subsequent problems with communication in the presence of background noise, and, potentially, social isolation. There is much less public knowledge about the noise exposure that produces only temporary hearing loss but that in the long term results in hearing problems due to the damage of high-threshold auditory nerve fibers. Early exposures of this kind, such as in neonatal intensive care units, manifest themselves at a later age, sometimes as hearing loss but more often as an auditory processing disorder. There is even less awareness about changes in the auditory brain caused by repetitive daily exposure to the same type of low-level occupational or musical sound. This low-level, but continuous, environmental noise exposure is well known to affect speech understanding, produce non-auditory problems ranging from annoyance and depression to hypertension, and to cause cognitive difficulties. Additionally, internal noise, such as tinnitus, has effects on the brain similar to low-level external noise.Noise and the Brain discusses and provides a synthesis of hte underlying brain mechanisms as well as potential ways to prvent or alleviate these aberrant brain changes caused by noise exposure. Authored by one of the preeminent leaders in the field of hearing research Emphasizes direct and indirect changes in brain function as a result of noise exposure Provides a comprehensive and evidence-based approach Addresses both developmental and adult plasticity Includes coverage of epidemiology, etiology, and genetics of hearing problems; effects of non-damaging sound on both the developing and adult brain; non-auditory effects of noise; noise and the aging brain; and more

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Fighting Multidrug Resistance with Herbal Extracts, Essential Oils and Their Components

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Fighting Multidrug Resistance with Herbal Extracts, Essential Oils and their Components offers scientists a single source aimed at fighting specific multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms such as bacteria, protozoans, viruses and fungi using natural products. This essential reference discusses herbal extracts and essential oils used or under investigation to treat MDR infections, as well as those containing antimicrobial activity that could be of potential interest in future studies against MDR microorganisms. The need to combat multidrug-resistant microorganisms is an urgent one and this book provides important coverage of mechanism of action, the advantages and disadvantages of using herbal extracts, essential oils and their components and more to aid researchers in effective antimicrobial drug discovery
Addresses the need to develop safe and effective approaches to coping with resistance to all classes of antimicrobial drugs Provides readers with current evidence-based content aimed at using herbal extracts and essential oils in antimicrobial drug development Includes chapters devoted to the activity of herbal products against herpes, AIDS, tuberculosis, drug-resistant cancer cells and more

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Polyphenols in Human Health and Disease documents antioxidant actions of polyphenols in protection of cells and cell organelles, critical for understanding their health-promoting actions to help the dietary supplement industry. The book begins by describing the fundamentals of absorption, metabolism and bioavailability of polyphenols, as well as the effect of microbes on polyphenol structure and function and toxicity. It then examines the role of polyphenols in the treatment of chronic disease, including vascular and cardiac health, obesity and diabetes therapy, cancer treatment and prevention, and more.
Explores neuronal protection by polyphenol metabolites and their application to medical care Defines modulation of enzyme actions to help researchers see and study polyphenols mechanisms of action, leading to clinical applications Includes insights on polyphenols in brain and neurological functions to apply them to the wide range of aging diseases

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Ronald Ross Watson, Victor R Preedy, Sherma Zibadi

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Beginning with a survey of fundamental concepts associated with data integration, knowledge representation, and hypothesis generation from heterogeneous data sets, Methods in Biomedical Informatics provides a practical survey of methodologies used in biological, clinical, and public health contexts. These concepts provide the foundation for more advanced topics like information retrieval, natural language processing, Bayesian modeling, and learning classifier systems. The survey of topics then concludes with an exposition of essential methods associated with engineering, personalized medicine, and linking of genomic and clinical data. Within an overall context of the scientific method, Methods in Biomedical Informatics provides a practical coverage of topics that is specifically designed for: (1) domain experts seeking an understanding of biomedical informatics approaches for addressing specific methodological needs; or (2) biomedical informaticians seeking an approachable overview of methodologies that can be used in scenarios germane to biomedical research.
Contributors represent leading biomedical informatics experts: individuals who have demonstrated effective use of biomedical informatics methodologies in the real-world, high-quality biomedical applications Material is presented as a balance between foundational coverage of core topics in biomedical informatics with practical "in-the-trenches" scenarios. Contains appendices that function as primers on: (1) Unix; (2) Ruby; (3) Databases; and (4) Web Services.

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Current Concepts and Ecological Perspective

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Integrated Pest Management: Current Concepts and Ecological Perspective presents an overview of alternative measures to traditional pest management practices using biological control and biotechnology. The removal of some highly effective broad-spectrum chemicals, caused by concerns over environmental health and public safety, has resulted in the development of alternative, reduced risk crop protection products. These products, less toxic to the environment and easily integrated into biological control systems, target specific life stages or pest species. Predation recognized as a suitable, long-term strategy effectively suppresses pests in biotechnological control systems.

Integrated Pest Management covers these topics and more. It explores the current ecological approaches in alternative solutions, such as biological control agents, parasites and predators, pathogenic microorganisms, pheromones and natural products as well as ecological approaches for managing invasive pests, rats, suppression of weeds, safety of pollinators, role of taxonomy and remote sensing in IPM and future projections of IPM. This book is a useful resource to entomologists, agronomists, horticulturists, and environmental scientists.
Fills a gap in the literature by providing critical analysis of different management strategies that have a bearing on agriculture, sustainability and environmental protection Synthesizes research and practice on integrated pest management Emphasizes an overview of management strategies, with critical evaluation of each in the larger context of ecologically based pest management

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An Application Administrator installs, updates, optimizes, debugs and otherwise maintains computer applications for an organization. In most cases these applications have been licensed from a third party, but they may have been developed internally. Examples of application types include Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Customer Resource anagement (CRM), and Point of Sale (POS), legal contract management, time tracking, accounts payable/receivable, payroll, SOX compliance tracking, budgeting, forecasting and training. In many cases the organizations are absolutely dependent that these applications be kept running. The importance of Application Administrators and the level to which organizations depend upon them is easily overlooked.Application Administrators Handbook provides both an overview of every phase of administering an application; from working the vendor prior to installation, the installation process itself, importing data into the application, handling upgrades, working with application users to report problems, scheduling backups, automating tasks that need to be done on a repetitive schedule, and finally retiring an application. It provides detailed, hands-on instructions on how to perform many specific tasks that an Application Administrator must be able to handle. Learn how to install, administer and maintain key software applications throughout the product life cycle Get detailed, hands-on instructions on steps that should be taken before installing or upgrading an application to ensure continuous operation Identify repetitive tasks and find out how they can be automated, thereby saving valuable time Understand the latest on government mandates and regulations, such as privacy, SOX, HIPAA, PCI, and FISMA and how to fully comply

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Metabolomics Coming of Age with its Technological Diversity

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Advances in Botanical Research publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics in plant sciences. Currently in its 67th volume, the series features several reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology and ecology. This thematic volume features reviews on metabolomics coming of age with its technological diversity. Publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics in plant sciences Features a wide range of reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology and ecology Volume features reviews on metabolomics coming of age with its technological diversity

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Nutrition and Enhanced Sports Performance

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Muscle Building, Endurance, and Strength

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Nutrition and Enhanced Sports Performance: Muscle Building, Endurance, and Strength provides a comprehensive overview to understanding the integrated impact of nutrition on performance. The book is divided into five main themes:
An introductory overview of the role of nutrition in human health Various types of physical exercises, including cardiovascular training, resistance training, aerobic and anaerobic exercise, bioenergetics, and energy balance. This section also covers the nutritional requirements associated with various fitness programs, as well as exercise and nutritional requirements in special populations, including the pre-pubertal, young, elderly, and disabled. Sports and nutritional requirements. The molecular mechanisms involved in muscle building A thorough review of various food, minerals, supplements, phytochemicals, amino acids, transition metals, small molecules and other ergogenic agents that have been implicated in muscle building and human performance
This book is an ideal resource for nutritionists, dietitians, exercise physiologists, health practitioners, researchers, students, athletes, trainers, and all those who wish to broaden their knowledge of nutrition and its role in human performance.
Discusses the impact of nutrition, including food, minerals, vitamins, hormones, trace elements, etc., that can significantly attenuate/improve human performance and sports Addresses the molecular and cellular pathways involved in the physiology of muscle growth and the mechanisms by which nutrients affect muscle health, growth and maintenance Encompasses multiple forms of sports/performance and the salient contribution of appropriate nutrition on special populations, including nutritional guidelines and recommendations to athletes Strong focus on muscle building

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Debasis Bagchi, Sreejayan Nair, Chandan K. Sen

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Bloodstain Patterns: Identification, Interpretation and Application combines material from Blood Dynamics (2001) and Bloodstain Pattern Evidence (2007) with updated case work and scientific advances from medical and hard sciences. The text expands coverage of such areas as arterial damage pattern identification, staging of crime scenes, legal applications and problems from both sides of the bench, and extending teaching and training to those outside criminal justice. With violent offenders more aware of crime scene investigation techniques and attempting to frame others, the text expands outdated basic training programs that are insufficient to identify attempts to confuse the investigation. This book clarifies previous understandings as well as bridges the gap toward future advance courses. Based on the work of Paul Leland Kirk, the books focus is on first line investigators accuracy in identifying specific bloodstain patterns, correctly interpreting and applying them to casework. Combines and updates material from Blood Dynamics and Bloodstain Pattern Evidence into one comprehensive reference Covers new topics, including arterial damage pattern identification, staging of crime scenes, legal applications, and problems from both sides of the bench More than 300 full color photographs, some with line overlays showing the objective criteria which identify patterns

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Introduction to Aircraft Structural Analysis

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Introduction to Aircraft Structural Analysis, Second Edition, is an essential resource for learning aircraft structural analysis. Based on the author's best-selling text Aircraft Structures for Engineering Students, this brief book covers the basics of structural analysis as applied to aircraft structures.Coverage of elasticity, energy methods, and virtual work sets the stage for discussions of airworthiness/airframe loads and stress analysis of aircraft components. Numerous worked examples, illustrations, and sample problems show how to apply the concepts to realistic situations.This text is designed for undergraduate and postgraduate students of aerospace and aeronautical engineering as well as for professional development and training courses. Based on the author's best-selling text Aircraft Structures for Engineering Students, this introduction covers core concepts in about 200 fewer pages than the original by removing some optional topics like structural vibrations and aeroelasticity  Systematic step-by-step procedures in the worked examples Self-contained, with complete derivations for key equations

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Current Challenges in Personalized Cancer Medicine

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For this volume of Advances in Pharmacology we have brought together some of the foremost basic science and clinical researchers to discuss some of the new frontiers in the development of targeted cancer therapy. Although still in its formative stages, the development of targeted cancer therapies has already shown incredible promise in a limited number of cancer types. As basic cancer research and drug development continues, we expect this number to grow and more patients to benefit from these exciting advances. Through better patient selection and novel strategies to manage resistance, a future can be envisaged in which cancer can be reduced to the level of a chronic, manageable disease.
Brought together some of the foremost basic science and clinical researchers Part of the renowned Advances in Pharmacology Serial Discussion of some of the new frontiers in the development of targeted cancer therapy

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Orbital Mechanics for Engineering Students

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Written by Howard Curtis, Professor of Aerospace Engineering at Embry-Riddle University, Orbital Mechanics for Engineering Students is a crucial text for students of aerospace engineering. Now in its 3e, the book has been brought up-to-date with new topics, key terms, homework exercises, and fully worked examples. Highly illustrated and fully supported with downloadable MATLAB algorithms for project and practical work, this book provides all the tools needed to fully understand the subject. New chapter on orbital perturbations New and revised examples and homework problems Increased coverage of attitude dynamics, including new MATLAB algorithms and examples

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Probability theory is a rapidly expanding field and is used in many areas of science and technology. Beginning from a basis of abstract analysis, this mathematics book develops the knowledge needed for advanced students to develop a complex understanding of probability. The first part of the book systematically presents concepts and results from analysis before embarking on the study of probability theory. The initial section will also be useful for those interested in topology, measure theory, real analysis and functional analysis. The second part of the book presents the concepts, methodology and fundamental results of probability theory. Exercises are included throughout the text, not just at the end, to teach each concept fully as it is explained, including presentations of interesting extensions of the theory. The complete and detailed nature of the book makes it ideal as a reference book or for self-study in probability and related fields.
Covers a wide range of subjects including f-expansions, Fuk-Nagaev inequalities and Markov triples. Provides multiple clearly worked exercises with complete proofs. Guides readers through examples so they can understand and write research papers independently.

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Building the Most Complex Structure on Earth

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An Epigenetic Narrative of Development and Evolution of Animals

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Building the Most Complex Structure on Earth provides readers with a basic biological education an easy and understandable introduction into a new epigenetic theory of development and evolution. This is a novel theory that describes the epigenetic mechanisms of the development and evolution of animals and explains the colossal evolution and diversification of animals from a new post-genetic perspective. Modern biology has demonstrated the existence of a common genetic toolkit in the animal kingdom, but neither the number of genes nor the evolution of new genes is responsible for the development and evolution of animals. The failure to understand how the same genetic toolkit is used to produce millions of widely different animal forms remains a perplexing conundrum in modern biology. The novel theory shows that the development and evolution of the animal kingdom are functions of epigenetic mechanisms, which are the competent users of the genetic toolkit.
Provides a comprehensive view of the epigenetic aspects of reproduction, development, and evolution. Highly rigorous, but simple enough for readers with only a basic knowledge of biology.

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Genetic and Genomic Resources of Grain Legume Improvement

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Grain legumes, including common-bean, chickpea, pigeonpea, pea, cowpea, lentil and others, form important constituents of global diets, both vegetarian and non-vegetarian. Despite this significant role, global production has increased only marginally in the past 50 years. The slow production growth, along with a rising human population and improved buying capacity has substantially reduced the per capita availability of food legumes. Changes in environmental climate have also had significant impact on production, creating a need to identify stable donors among genetic resources for environmentally robust genes and designing crops resilient to climate change.

Genetic and Genomic Resources of Grain Legume Improvement is the first book to bring together the latest resources in plant genetics and genomics to facilitate the identification of specific germplasm, trait mapping and allele mining to more effectively develop biotic and abiotic-stress-resistant grains. This book will be an invaluable resource for researchers, crop biologists and students working with crop development.
Explores origin, distribution and diversity of grain legumes Presents information on germplasm collection, evaluation and maintenance Offers insight into pre-breeding/germplasm enhancement efforts Integrates genomic and genetic resources in crop improvement Internationally contributed work

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Mohar Singh, Hari D. Upadhyaya, I. S. Bisht

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Physiological Systems in Insects discusses the roles of molecular biology, neuroendocrinology, biochemistry, and genetics in our understanding of insects. All chapters in the new edition are updated, with major revisions to those covering swiftly evolving areas like endocrine, developmental, behavioral, and nervous systems. The new edition includes the latest details from the literature on hormone receptors, behavioral genetics, insect genomics, neural integration, and much more. Organized according to insect physiological functions, this book is fully updated with the latest and foundational research that has influenced understanding of the patterns and processes of insects and is a valuable addition to the collection of any researcher or student working with insects.

There are about 10 quintillion insects in the world divided into more than one million known species, and some scientists believe there may be more than 30 million species. As the largest living group on earth, insects can provide us with insight into adaptation, evolution, and survival. The internationally respected third edition of Marc Klowden's standard reference for entomologists and researchers and textbook for insect physiology courses provides the most comprehensive analysis of the systems that make insects important contributors to our environment.
Third edition has been updated with new information in almost every chapter and new figures Includes an extensive up-to-date bibliography in each chapter Provides a glossary of common entomological and physiological terms