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Spectroscopic Analysis of Gas Mixtures presents the methods applied in spectral analysis of gas mixtures.  The book is concerned primarily with emission analysis. It offers an extensive description of photoelectric procedures and quantitative methods of fast gas analysis; spectroscopic procedures based on absorption in the ultraviolet and infrared regions of the spectrum; and the optico-acoustic method.  Physicists will find the text very informative.

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Wavelength Standards in the Infrared is a compilation of wavelength standards suitable for use with high-resolution infrared spectrographs, including both emission and absorption standards.   The book presents atomic line emission standards of argon, krypton, neon, and xenon. These atomic line emission standards are from the deliberations of Commission 14 of the International Astronomical Union, which is the recognized authority for such standards. The text also explains the techniques employed in determining spectral positions in the infrared. One of the techniques used includes the grating constant method of determining spectral positions which measures the angular rotation of the grating. Another technique used is the modern gratings and high resolution infrared spectra which has made it possible to obtain narrower spectral lines. Computers can expedite the processing of observed data. Fraley and Rao have developed a procedure for data, obtained using double-pen recorders. The technique involves using visible neon lines to produce a wave number scale on the infrared spectra that is to be measured.   This book can prove valuable to researchers and scientists working in the field of molecular, nuclear or atomic physics.

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The Earth's Crust and Mantle presents the deformations of the Earth's crust, which are attributed to mantle currents. This book explores the gravity observations, which give indications about the way in which the masses in the Earth are distributed.  Comprised of five chapters, this book starts with an overview of the constitution of the various parts of the Earth and mentions the densities concerned. This text then discusses the thermal behavior of the Earth as well as examines the principle of isostasy and the readjustments of isostatic equilibrium. Other chapters examine the general effects of horizontal compression of the rigid crust and the fields of positive gravity anomalies. This book discusses as well the effects of active volcanicity, which is one source of disturbances of equilibrium of the Earth. The final chapter deals with the oceanic parts of the crust.  This book is a valuable resource for geologists, geophysicists, physical geographers, and physical geodesists.

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Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs focuses on toxic substances in foods of plant origin, including protease inhibitors, hemagglutinins, goitrogens, cyanogens, saponins, gossypol, lathyrogens, and allergens. The book also considers adventitious toxic factors in processed foods and miscellaneous toxic factors such as stimulants and depressants, hypoglycemic agents, toxic amino acids, metal-binding constituents, and hepatotoxins.   This volume is organized into 13 chapters and begins with an overview of protease inhibitors, including their distribution in the plant kingdom, physical and chemical properties, and mechanism of interaction with proteases. The next chapters focus on the adventitious introduction of toxic factors into processed plant foods; the inactivation of the trypsin inhibitor and hemagglutinin found in legumes by cooking; and the extraction of a nontoxic, edible starch from cycads. The reader is also introduced to lathyrism, the toxicity of agglutinins, occurrence of goitrogens in thioglucoside-containing plants, and dietary sources of cyanogen.   This book will be of interest and value to food scientists who are concerned with the safety of food supply and public health officials tasked with enforcing regulations necessary to ensure the safety of a particular food.

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The Plasma Proteins, Volume II: Biosynthesis, Metabolism, Alternations in Disease is a 10-chapter text that explores the physiological role and metabolic interrelationships of the human plasma proteins in the normal state and in disease.  The first two chapters cover the physical properties, chemical composition, function, methods of analysis of human serum lipoproteins and plasma enzymes. The subsequent chapter considers the normal levels of hormones in plasma or serum and their distribution in the plasma protein fractions. These topics are followed by discussions on the blood coagulation system, the serum proteins in the animal kingdom at maturity and during embryonic development, and the biosynthesis of plasma proteins. The remaining chapters examine the qualitative abnormalities in various plasma proteins. These chapters also discuss the modification in plasma protein synthesis induced by genetic variation. Such alterations are described for albumin, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, iron-binding globulin, fibrinogen, antihemophilic globulin, and other blood clotting factors, as well as ?-globulin.   Biochemists, physiologists, and medical researchers will find this book invaluable.

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The Physiology of Crustacea, Volume II: Sense Organs, Integration, and Behavior focuses on the three components of self-regulation for crustaceans and examines the behavior that emerges therefrom. This book provides the physiology of the class Crustacea from a comparative point of view.  Organized into chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the sensitivity to electromagnetic energy at wavelengths extending from the ultraviolet to the infrared, which is an important adaptive function in crustaceans. This text then explores the innervation of crustacean sensory hairs and describes the sensitivity among crustaceans to external changes in mechanical force by direct contact with solids or by fluid movement. Other chapters consider the two types of pigmentary effectors in crustaceans, namely, the chromatophores and the pigments of the compound eye. The final chapter deals with the four major categories in developing a comparative physiology.  Physiologists, biochemists, and researchers will find this book useful.

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Stochastic Tools in Turbulence discusses the available mathematical tools to describe stochastic vector fields to solve problems related to these fields.   The book deals with the needs of turbulence in relation to stochastic vector fields, particularly, on three-dimensional aspects, linear problems, and stochastic model building. The text describes probability distributions and densities, including Lebesgue integration, conditional probabilities, conditional expectations, statistical independence, lack of correlation. The book also explains the significance of the moments, the properties of the characteristic function, and the Gaussian distribution from a more physical point of view. In considering fields, one must account for single-valued functions of one or more parameters, or collections of single-valued functions of one or more parameters such as time or space coordinates. The text also discusses multidimensional vector fields of finite energy, the characteristic eddies for a homogenous vector field, as well as, the distribution of solutions of an algebraic equation.   Engineers, algebra students, and professors of statistics and advanced mathematics will find the book highly useful.

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Titrations in Nonaqueous Solvents discuss the theory, practice, and data on acidic and basic strength of nonaqueous solvents.  This book is organized into three parts encompassing six chapters.  The first part considers the general principles of acids and bases and methods of end-point determination. This part also covers the fundamentals, advantages, and limitations of titration instruments, such as potentiometers, burets, titration vessels, and electrodes. The classification of titration solvents according to their functions as color indicators and titrant solutions is provided in this part. The remaining parts describe the analytical procedures for acidity and basicity of nonaqueous solvents. These parts also provide a tabulated data on the acidic and basic strengths, stability, and dissociation constants of various titration solvents.  Analytical chemists, and analytical chemistry teachers and students will find this book invaluable.

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Inorganic Materials and Physical Chemistry

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Thermal Analysis, Volume 2: Inorganic Materials and Physical Chemistry covers the proceedings of the Second International Conference on Thermal Analysis, held in Holy Cross College, Worcester, Massachusetts on August 18-23, 1968. This symposium surveys the various methods and applications of thermal analysis, as well as the distribution of various aspects of thermal analysis in different countries.    This book is organized into four sections encompassing 51 chapters, and begins with discussion on the application of differential thermal analysis to metallurgical inorganic materials and reactions for industrial process optimization. These topics are followed by a consideration of other techniques, such as X-ray methods and thermography. The Physical Chemistry part highlights the reaction kinetics and thermodynamics of various chemical reactions, including oxidation and polymerization, using thermogravimetry and calorimetry techniques. The following part focuses on mineral analysis using combined techniques of thermoanalytic-mass spectrometry and differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry. The last part deals with the application of thermal analysis in applied sciences.

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Soil Biology brings together the microbiological, botanical, and zoological aspects of soil biology. Leading specialists provide critical reviews and assessments of their particular branches of soil biology, paying particular attention to functional aspects and biotic interrelationships whenever possible.   This volume is organized into 17 chapters and begins with an overview of the soil system, emphasizing the system components including the mineral fraction, organic matter, soil moisture, and soil atmosphere. The next chapters focus on microorganisms present in the soil, along with their effects on plant roots. The book also discusses the soil algae, including how algae are affected by physical and chemical environments and their interrelations with other organisms. The remaining chapters look at other organisms that inhabit the soil, including Arthropoda, Collembola, and Mollusca, as well as the probable effects of inhibiting substances upon the biology of soil microorganisms. The final chapters explain the decomposition of organic matter in the soil and the effects of synthetic chemicals on soil microorganisms.   This book is a valuable resource for soil biologists and research workers in fields such as botany, agriculture, zoology, and microbiology.

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Thermophysics of Spacecraft and Planetary Bodies

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Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Volume 20: Thermophysics of Spacecraft and Planetary Bodies: Radiation Properties of Solids and the Electromagnetic Radiation Environment in Space is a collection of technical papers drawn mainly from the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Thermophysics Specialist Conference, held in New Orleans on April 17-20, 1967.  This volume is organized into six part encompassing 45 chapters that offer a selection of the most advanced studies in the dynamic field of thermophysics. Part I deals with radiation properties of solid state materials and the measuring techniques in the laboratory, while Part II describes the thermophysical properties of surfaces used for spacecraft. The papers of Part II also include solid state physics studies of the processes involved in the interaction of UV radiation with solids. Part III discusses the results of thermal flight experiments and on the radiation characteristics of planetary bodies, followed by topics on general radiative properties and the measurements of radiative properties of natural surfaces from satellites in Part IV. Part V contains papers on thermal similitude and on the closely related subject of radiant heat transfer analysis of thermal systems. Lastly, Part VI focuses on the heat transfer within the spacecraft under the conditions of space environment, specifically conductive and radiative transfer.  This book is of great value to thermophysicists, space engineers and designers, as well as researchers in the fields of astronautics and aeronautics.

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The Transfer of Calcium and Strontium Across Biological Membranes

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The Transfer of Calcium and Strontium Across Biological Membranes represents the proceedings of a Conference on The Transfer of Calcium and Strontium Across Biological Membranes, held in Cornell University, Ithaca, New York on May 13-16, 1962.    This book is organized into seven sections encompassing 22 chapters, and deals first with some of the properties of biological membranes, the general aspects of ion transport, and chelation of divalent cations. These subjects are all important to understand the transfer of calcium and strontium across membranes. The subsequent sections are devoted to the physiological and nutritional aspects of intestinal absorption, with a particular emphasis on the influence of vitamin D and other nutritional factors on the absorption of calcium and strontium. A section describes the biological transfer and movement of calcium and strontium across kidney, mammary gland, nerve, and muscle. The last section examines the behavior of chronically ingested radiostrontium in animals. This section also provides an overview of strontium and calcium metabolism principles.

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The Use Of Radioautography in Investigating Protein Synthesis

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The Use of Radioautography in Investigating Protein Synthesis represents the 1965 Symposium on The Use of Radioautography in Investigating Protein Synthesis, supported by the International Society for Cell Biology.  This book is composed of four parts encompassing 18 chapters. The opening part deals first with the basic aspects and mode of operation of the radioautography technique. This part also examines the advantages and potentials of this technique compared to other cytological techniques. The next parts are devoted to the experimental methods of protein synthesis in nucleus and in cells of various types, as revealed by the electron microscope radioautography. The concluding part discusses the secretion and synthesis of protein enzymes by the acinar cells in rat pancreas and fibroblasts in wound healing. This part also considers the application of radioautography to determining the sites of synthesis of proteins.  This book is of great value to cell biologists, biochemists, cytologists, histologists, and pathologists.

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The Proteins Chemistry, Biological Activity, and Methods V2B

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The Proteins, Volume II: Chemistry, Biological Activity, and Methods, Part A is a nine-chapter text that explores the chemical and biological aspects of proteins.   This book starts with a discussion on the occurrence, distribution, and general chemical and biochemical properties of nucleoproteins, enzymes, and respiratory proteins and toxic proteins. The subsequent chapters cover the biological importance, separation, distribution, and antibacterial activity of food proteins, such as milk, egg, and seed proteins. A chapter explores the general concepts of protein metabolism in plants. The final chapter examines the sources and the action of the protein hormones.  Biochemists, physiologists, and medical researchers will find this book invaluable.

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The Hormones: Physiology, Chemistry and Applications, Volume IV covers the advances in understanding the nature and function of plant and non-mammalian animal hormones.  This volume is divided into 11 chapters, and begins with an examination of the major characteristics of auxins, including the diversity of its action, chemical control, and systematic patterns. The subsequent chapters explore the chemistry and physiology of neurohormones and their role in insect growth. A chapter highlights the control of color of hormones and the actions of 5-hydroxytryptamine. The remaining chapters are devoted to the occurrence, physiological role, biochemistry, mode of action, metabolism, and biosynthesis of other hormones, such as gastrointestinal hormones, catecholamines, insulin, and glucagon. These chapters deal also with the general principles and application of immunoassay of protein hormones.  Endocrinologists, physiologists, biochemists, and hormone researchers will find this book invaluable.

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Organic Chemistry, Volume 4: Fundamentals of Carbanion Chemistry provides information pertinent to carbanion chemistry. This book explores several topics, including carbonium ions, carbanions, carbenes, and carbon radicals.  Comprised of six chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the variation of the kinetic and thermodynamic acidities of carbon acids with substituents and environments. This text then explores the methods of carbanion stabilization by substituents and discusses the various types of stabilization. Other chapters explain the stereochemistry of hydrogendeuterium exchange and examine the stereochemistry of substitution reactions of organometallic compounds. This book discusses as well the structure and immediate environment of reaction intermediates through the use of stereochemical techniques. The final chapter considers the unsaturated anionic rearrangements of carbanions, carbonium ions, as well as carbon radicals and other rearrangements.  Chemists, organic chemists, researchers, and graduate students interested in the field of carbanion chemistry will find this book extremely useful.

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Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Volume 9: Electric Propulsion Development covers the proceedings of the Second Electric Propulsion Conference of the American Rocker Society, held in Berkeley, California on March 14-16, 1962. The conference focuses on the existing problems in electric propulsion and their possible solutions.  This book is organized into four sections encompassing 35 chapters. The first section deals with the thermodynamics of arcs; the problems of heat and momentum transfer; the chemical processes within arcs; the arc system materials; and the arc jet design problems. The second section considers the problems of ion systems, the various ion sources, and the neutralization of ion beams. This section also looks into the basic ionization processes, the production and charging of heavy particles, the corrosive properties of cesium, and the ion-optical designs. The third section describes various plasma systems, including helical transmission lines, pulsed pinch accelerators, coaxial systems, and j x B accelerators. The theoretical analyses of these systems are briefly examined. The fourth section includes papers on flight testing of electric propulsion models, on vertical rocket probes, and on satellites, This section also discusses some advanced concepts in electric propulsion, such as air  scooping during ascent through the atmosphere, systems design and optimization, and planetary and interplanetary missions.  This book is of great value to physicists, space engineers and designers, as well as researchers in the fields of astronautics and aeronautics.

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Enzymes in Food Processing describes the properties and practical applications of enzymes in food processing. This 20-chapter book includes applications such as the use of enzymes to tenderize meat, to produce dextrose, to clarify wine, to liquefy candy centers.  The first part of this text is an introduction to the chemistry and kinetics of enzyme reactions. Chapters 2 to 5 describe the general nature of enzyme reactions, reaction rates, and the effect of pH and temperature, as well as the effect of inhibitors and activators on enzyme reactions. Chapters 6 to 9 examine specific enzymes, including the carbohydrases, proteases, lipases, and oxidoreductases, while Chapter 10 presents the methods of enzyme production. Considerable chapters are devoted to the application of enzymes in food processing. The chapters are arranged according to commodities, such as milling, baking, starch, dairy products, fruits, fruit products, wines, distilled alcoholic beverages, confectionary, and flavors. Chapter 19 and 20 includes a brief description of the closely related use of enzymes in feeds and as digestive aids, as well as the health and legal aspects of the use of enzymes.  Food technologists, microbiologists, and enzyme chemists will find this book invaluable.