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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy documents the proceedings of the second International Conference held at the University of Sheffield, U.K between July 14 and 18, 1969.  This compilation deals with all aspects of atomic absorption spectroscopy, focusing on fundamental developments, metallurgical and biological applications of atomic absorption spectroscopy, atomic fluorescence spectroscopy, developments in instrumentation, theoretical aspects, and chemical and physical interference effects. The analytical flame atomic emission spectroscopy and development of non-flame sample cells for atomic spectroscopy are also considered. Other topics include the behavior of certain elements in the absorption tube and progress in atomic absorption spectroscopy employing flame and graphite cuvette techniques.  This book is a good source for students, specialists, and researchers conducting work on atomic absorption spectroscopy.

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Control of Ovulation discusses the general principles and practical applications of ovulation control. The book presents 25 papers that cover the basic research practices and practicalities of ovulation control.  The materials are grouped according to their respective themes. The first three parts cover the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovary, respectively. The remaining papers discuss concerns regarding the applications of ovulation control, such as ovulation failure; diagnosis of ovulatory disorders; and the induction and synchronization of ovulation.  The text will be of great use to practitioners of obstetrics and gynecology in both human and veterinary medicine.

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D.B. Crighton, G.R. Foxcroft, N.B. Haynes

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Fundamentals of Fluidized-Bed Chemical Processes

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Butterworths Monographs in Chemical Engineering

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Fundamentals of Fluidized-bed Chemical Processes presents a survey of the design, operation, and chemical processes of fluidized-bed reactors.  The book is composed of five chapters. The first chapter examines the basic physics of gas-solid fluidization. The second chapter shows how the physics of gas-solid fluidization may be combined with chemical kinetics to generate models of fluidized-bed reactors. Chapters 3 and 4 deal with two major applications of gas-solid fluidization, the Fluidized Catalytic Cracking process and the combustion and gasification of coal. The final chapter analyzes other processes used in the production of chemicals such as phthalic anhydride, acrylonitrile, and compounds of uranium.  Undergraduate and postgraduate students of chemical engineering, engineers, chemists, and scientists will find this text useful.

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Experimental Biology with Micro-organisms: Students' Manual talks about micro-organisms and examines facts and different relevant studies.  The first part of the book discusses handling, culturing, and observing a micro-organism; this part also explains the importance of such practices when dealing with the said subject. Also mentioned in this part are the nutrition of the micro-organisms and the explanations regarding autotrophs and heterotrophs and what complex food they manufacture or utilize. The book also presents a background on the life cycle of the organisms, such as bacteria, chlorella, slime molds, yeast, Mucor hiemalis, and Basidiomycetes. In Chapters 4 and 5, the book talks more about an organism's growth and genetics, along with some of its subtopics. The succeeding chapters focus more on the environment's effect on organisms. The book ends with an analysis of the different interactions.  The book caters for people who are studying biology and acts as a great reference for bio research.

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International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

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International Symposium on Selective Ion-Sensitive Electrodes contains the plenary lectures presented at the International Symposium on Selective Ion-Sensitive Electrodes, held in Cardiff, UK on April 9-12, 1973 and organized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The papers explore significant developments concerning selective ion-sensitive electrodes and cover topics ranging from potentiometric gas sensing electrodes to precipitate-based selective ion-sensitive electrodes and mechanistic aspects of ion-selective membrane electrodes.  This book is comprised of five chapters and begins by introducing the reader to ion activity scales for use with selective ion-sensitive electrodes. Ion activities in dilute solutions, concentrated solutions, and mixtures of electrolytes are described. Attention then turns to the use of carrier antibiotics and model compounds as components of selective ion-sensitive electrodes. The next chapter focuses on a number of precipitate-based electrodes based for example on mixtures of metal chalcogenides, as well as enzyme electrodes and coated wire electrodes. Their analytical application in the widest sense is reviewed for anions and cations. This book also considers techniques used in elucidating glass, liquid, and crystal membrane electrode operation, along with their possible mechanisms. The final chapter analyzes a number of potentiometric gas sensing electrodes using hydrogen or other ion sensing electrode and a gas permeable membrane.  This book will be of interest to students and practitioners of chemistry, biochemistry, and electrochemistry.

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Plastics: Surface and Finish demonstrates how plastics engineers and technologists have developed methods of converting commonplace plastics materials into articles and structures that display elegance and polish.  This book emphasizes the most appropriate way of exploiting the esthetic possibilities of plastics is through the fullest understanding of their inherent properties and relevant processing technology. The topics discussed include the embossing of thermoplastics, surface treatments for plastics films and containers, and gravure printing on plastics films. The vacuum metallizing of plastics, adhesives for plastics fabrication, and decorative laminates are also covered in this text.  This publication is intended for specialists in the graphic arts, technologists, and engineers who are concerned especially with printing and packaging with plastics, but is also useful for students and marketing experts.

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Volume 3, Surface Membranes of Specific Cell Types

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Mammalian Cell Membranes, Volume Three: Surface Membranes of Specific Cell Types reviews the knowledge on surface membranes of the various cell types which have been studied in detail.  This volume contains 10 contributions that cover the review of mammalian cell membranes. The topics discussed in the book include epithelial membranes and vitamin A, the erythrocyte, the platelet, and lymphoid cells. The carbohydrate components of tumor cell periphery, the composition and structure of excitable nerve membrane, and the role of membranes in the fertilization process are covered as well.  Cytologists, molecular biologists, biochemists, and anatomists will find the book very invaluable.

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Matrix Computer Methods of Vibration Analysis

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Matrix Computer Methods of Vibration Analysis is an eight-chapter introductory text to a particular technique that combines vibration analysis, matrix algebra, and computational methods. This book is emerged from a series of lectures presented at the North-East London Polytechnic.   Chapters 1 and 2 introduce the basic concepts of matrix algebra, followed by a discussion on the facilities and methods of use of the computer in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 deals with the synthesis and manipulation of the system matrix for a vibrating system consisting of a number of lumped parameters, each of these being either a point mass or a massless spring. Chapter 5 describes the concept of separate matrices for the stiffnesses and masses of beams or shafts, while Chapter 6 evaluate the systems subjected to forced vibration due to varying frequencies of excitation and damping. Chapters 7 considers the different types of element that can be encountered in the analysis of a shaft or beam for natural frequencies, with an emphasis on the algorithm for dealing with massless shaft elements and point masses. Chapter 8 covers the analysis and computational requirements of torsional vibration.  This work is an invaluable source for mathematicians and computer programmers and researchers.

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Essays on the Physiology of Marine Animals

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Adaptation to Environment: Essays on the Physiology of Marine Animals contains a series of essays that is intended as a review of the special adaptations of marine organisms to the particular environmental conditions they are likely to encounter in the natural habitat.  This book emphasizes developments in physiology of marine animals and on approaches to the study of the adaptations of marine organisms. This compilation also interprets the term Physiology in its widest sense to include all aspects of the functioning of the organism from the behavior of animals to the mode of function of enzymes. For this reason, structural adaptations have been reviewed in detail only where their functional role is understood and where they constitute a specific adaptation to defined environmental conditions.  This publication benefits students and individuals conducting research on the physiology of marine animals.

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XVIth International Conference on Coordination Chemistry

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Coordination Chemistry XVI is a compendium of papers that deals with structured absorption band, intra-molecular electron transfer, and the influence of natural and synthetic ligands on the transport and function of metal ions in the environment. Experiments show that the chemical, spectral and kinetic results of the physical state of an enzyme can be a significant experimental variable that will change function-related-conformations. Another paper points out the dangers of assigning weakly structured bands to partially resolved vibrations, to lower symmetry, to spin-orbit coupling, and to the Jahn-Teller effects. One paper deals with intra-molecular electron transfer in three manifestations: 1) in traditional oxidation-reduction reactions; 2) in induced electron transfer; and 3) in mixed valence complexes. Another paper discusses the reactivity of polynuclear metal complexes involving metal-metal bonds with simple inorganic and organic molecules, particularly, polynuclear aggregates' basic structural forms and polynuclear's fluxional nature. One paper investigates the environmental effects of coordination compounds that disturb the natural balance and levels of metal ions and metal complexes in the ecosystem. The paper cites examples of pollutions caused by abnormal amounts of metal salts and metal complexes introduced in the ecosystem, and the presence of synthetic ligands or abnormal levels of natural ligands in the environment. The compendium is suitable for analytical and organic chemists, chemical engineers, environmentalists, and students of biochemistry.

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International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

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Analytical Chemistry  4 is a collection of plenary lectures presented at the International Congress on Analytical Chemistry, held in Kyoto, Japan on April 3-7, 1972.   This book contains 11 chapters and begins with a summary of the kinetics of complex formation of metals with organic ligands in analytical chemistry. The subsequent chapters deal with the chelate compounds; the concepts of trace analysis; the developments in quantitative organic ultramicro elementary analysis; and the status of radiochemistry and its application to activation analysis. These topics are followed by presentation of precipitation-based ion-selective electrodes, with a particular emphasis on their most important analytical and physicochemical applications. A chapter briefly highlights the progress of analytical chemistry in Japan. The remaining chapters explore the direct metal and alloy analysis based on the selective modulation and resonance detection of conventional atomic absorption spectroscopy. These chapters also look into the status of analytical chemistry studies of air and water pollution.   This text will be of great benefit to analytical chemists and researchers.

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Composite Materials: A Directory of European Research is a directory of individuals, research establishments (academic, independent, and industrial), and research topics related to composite materials. The directory is divided into 10 sections, each of which represents nine European countries (Great Britain, France, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Germany, and Norway), and published in English, French, and German.  The first section lists the names of people involved in research and development work involving composite materials, as well as the name of the establishment where the person is employed. Each name is assigned a unique four-digit code that provides a cross-reference to the second section. The second section lists the establishments with full postal addresses, each with a numerical code that identifies individual research staff (from the previous section); the number of research personnel associated with the named individual working on composite materials; the type of organization (academic, independent, or industrial); and whether or not the establishment accepts contract research. The remaining sections provide details of research topics and activities covered by the people listed in the first section, including fibers (monofilaments and bundles), types of composites, matrix, physical and mechanical testing, fabrication and processing, non-destructive testing, and applications.  This monograph will be useful to those working in, or entering, the field of composites.

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Materials Technology, Volume 1: The Nature of Materials aims to fill the lack of textbooks about the nature of materials. The text contains various lessons regarding materials science and technology.  The book begins by discussing the scope of materials technology, which includes biology, chemistry, economics, and psychology. The text then shifts to the properties of materials and discusses several information about atoms in a single material. A discussion on the pre-production and post-production of materials is presented in the entire chapter. The following chapter is about atoms, electrons, and protons. In the third chapter, the lesson shifts to bonds and materials. The last three chapters feature more information about a material, including its structures, chemical reactions, authenticity, and magnetic properties.  The book targets those who are taking up an engineering technician course and gives readers a wider knowledge on the technology and nature of materials.

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International Thermodynamic Tables of the Fluid State, Argon, 1971

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Division of Physical Chemistry, Commission on Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry, Thermodynamic Tables Project

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Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry: Thermodynamic Tables Project is a result of a chemistry conference in 1963. The text contains various studies, lessons, and experimental data that are relevant to the field.  The book is divided into two chapters; the first one includes lessons about the constituent tables, encompassing the physical constants and fixed points, vapor pressure equations, PVT surface equations, and derived properties. For each of these topics, the corresponding formula is explained. Chapter 2 highlights the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) tables and explores the table's physical constants and PVT equations, together with its relevant subtopics. The last part of the book illustrates different tables that are closely associated with the constituent and IUPAC tables.  The text caters to people who are interested in studying this field of chemistry, including undergraduates and postgraduates.

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The Building Envelope: Applications of New Technology Cladding provides an introduction to the state of the art in cladding systems. The goal is to show a precedent, and thus imbue confidence in architects so that they can approach a manufacturer with a reasonable working knowledge of what is feasible. This book contains 33 case studies of buildings which incorporate newer forms of construction technology.  The buildings discussed include the Bandstand at Haarlem, Holland; Benthem and Crouwel's House at Almere, a town near Amsterdam, Holland; the Burrell Gallery in Glasgow, Scotland; Clarke Ascot House, Brisbane, Australia; the Conservatory at Kew, southwest London; and the Johnson and Johnson World Headquarters, New Brunswick, New Jersey.  This book is intended to give at least some inspiration to designers wishing to improve their technical understanding of the newer building processes with which they are now involved and have the information available if they care to seek it.

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The Chemistry of Nonbenzenoid Aromatic Compounds  II

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Second International Symposium on the Chemistry of Nonbenzenoid Aromatic Compounds

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The Chemistry of Nonbenzenoid Aromatic Compounds  II is a collection of plenary lectures presented at the Second International Symposium on the Chemistry of Nonbenzenoid Aromatic Compounds.   Starting with a review of the synthesis and study of select heterocycles, the book includes results and developments in this area. A significant part of the reviews of nonbenzenoid aromatic compounds is the examination of annulenese that contain larger Huckel systems than benzene. The demand for better synthetic methods in the study has increased as bridged annulenes have been made for suitable models of testing theoretical concepts. Early studies on some nonbenzenoid aromatic compounds and the related problems are also discussed. A description of the syntheses of several polycyclic systems that contain potential cyclobutadiene rings follows. Studies are made on 8-oxoheptafulvene chemistry after earlier chemical and physical examination of heptafulvene and related compounds provided avenues for research. Some aspects of strained systems, [4]annulene and its Ch+adduct are reviewed in terms of usefulness when applying a theoretical guide, proving the calculations and experiments. Studies on higher membered annulenyl ions belonging to five groups are also discussed.   Research chemists, students, and professors in chemistry and related fields such as organic chemistry will find this collection useful.

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Pollen: Development and Physiology focuses on pollen physiology, with emphasis on the living pollen grains, their growth, and essential biological functions. Topics covered in this book include the role of nucleus and cytoplasm in microsporogenesis; the development of the pollen grain wall; the metabolism of pollen tubes; pistil-pollen interactions; and incompatibility.  This monograph is comprised of 35 chapters divided into five sections. The first section explores the physiology and biochemistry of meiosis in the anther; changes in the cytoplasm and its organelles during microsporogenesis; and changes in cytoplasmic RNA and enzyme activity during the meiotic prophase in Cosmos bipinnatus. The next section is devoted to pollen development and the pollen grain wall and includes chapters that look at the role of the tapetum during microsporogenesis of angiosperms; dictyosome development during microsporogenesis in Canna generalis; and pollen grain and sperm cell ultrastructure in Beta. The remaining sections discuss the metabolism of pollen and pollen tubes; the interactions between pollen and pistil; and pollen size and incompatibility in Nicotiana.  This text will be a valuable resource for plant physiologists.

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Proceedings of an International Conference on the Nature of Metal-Ammonia Solutions: Colloque Weyl II

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Metal-Ammonia Solutions contains the proceedings of an International Conference on the Nature of Metal-Ammonia Solutions Colloque Weyl II held at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, on June 15-19, 1969. The papers explore the nature of metal-ammonia solutions and cover topics ranging from the dilemma of metal-ammonia models to the magnetic properties of metal-ammonia solutions, the reactions of such solutions, and solid metal-ammonia compounds.  This monograph is comprised of 39 chapters and begins with an overview of models for the concentration dependence of the properties of dilute metal-ammonia solutions. The discussion then turns to a continuous dielectric model for the solvated dielectron in dielectric media; elementary electronic excitations in insulating liquids; and magnetic properties of metal-ammonia solutions. The chapters that follow focus on the kinetics of the reaction between sodium and ethanol in liquid ammonia; electrons trapped in solids; metal-nonmetal transition and phase separation; and optical spectra of alkali metal-ammonia solutions.  This text will be a valuable resource for chemists and chemistry students.

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Transistor Circuit Design Tables consists of a set of eight tables characterizing the properties of components, component combinations, and semiconductor networks containing up to two transistors.  The tables in this compilation include the values of parallel resistance and series capacitance, potential dividers, time constants, capacitor and inductor reactances, common emitter amplifier stages, transistor astable and monostable circuits, and Schmitt trigger circuits.  This book produces a kind of ready reckoner for transistor circuit design that would reduce the time spent on the development of d.c. and low frequency transistor circuits. The properties of a range of rudimentary circuit groups and significant output properties presented in tabular form are also covered.  This publication is intended for transistor circuit designers and students in need of a large choice of possible circuit groups with tabulated output properties.

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Membrane Glycoproteins: A Review of Structure and Function deals with membrane glycoproteins found in biological systems. The book describes the structure and biosynthesis of the glycoproteins in relation to known or postulated functions in membranes.   The text opens with an introduction and a topic on detection and distribution of membrane glycoproteins. The book then notes that the isolation of membrane glycoproteins brought by the progress in research and technology of membrane solubilization and purification of the soluble components is now possible. Discussion is also directed to glycoproteins as being integral components of intracellular membranes, and not just located on cell surfaces. Through the structural analysis of glycoproteins produced by the secretory glands, analysis of human blood group antigens is available. Likewise, discoveries are made, explaining that lectins are useful reagents in detecting the type and numbers of glycoproteins found on cellular members. Lectins are likewise being widely used in tests for carbohydrate-containing substances in membrane-mediated processes. The metabolism, growth control, and cell surface reactions of membrane glycoproteins are also explained.   The book can serve as a guide for biologists, chemists, biochemists, and academicians interested in the study of membranes or glycoproteins.