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Critical Evaluation of Some Equilibrium Constants Involving Alkylammonium Extractants

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Critical Evaluation of Some Equilibrium Constants Involving Alkylammonium Extractants reviews the data on equilibrium constants involving long-chain alkylammonium salt extractants.  The book considers only two types of pertinent heterogeneous equilibria: the formation constants of alkylammonium salts; and the constants of the aggregation equilibria of these salts in organic solvents employed as diluents in solvent extraction processes. The basic principles of the most reliable and recommended experimental procedures; and the methods of treatment of numerical data and the calculations involved are also reviewed.  Chemists will find this book a good reference.

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The Stopping and Ranges of Ions in Matter

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Handbook of Stopping Cross-Sections for Energetic Ions in All Elements

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Stopping Cross-Sections for Energetic Ions in All Elements shows the stopping cross-sections of energetic ions in various elements in both solid and gas phase targets.  The book plots chosen ion and target combinations to allow accurate linear interpolation between plots for all elemental ions and all elemental targets (atomic number 1 through 92). Existing stopping data and summaries of the experimental data are presented as well. Chapters are also devoted to electronic and nuclear stopping of ions.  Physicists, researchers, physicians, nuclear scientists, radiologists, and engineers will find the book a good reference material.

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Proceedings of the International Congress on the Human Environment (Hesc) (Kyoto, 1975)

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Science for Better Environment: Proceedings of the International Congress on the Human Environment (HESC) focuses on the applications of science in health, human settlements, and protection of the environment.  The selection first offers information on the background of HESC, including human settlements and habitat, environment and development, natural disasters, and energy. The text then discusses humans place in natural ecosystems, along with essential properties of ecosystem, auto-regulation in ecosystem, and collapse of symbiosis between human and nature.  The compilation presents a summary of the environmental problems in Japan, including progress and outstanding issues in the environmental field. The water pollution from 1970 to 1975 and air pollution control in the country are underscored. The text also explains the development of antipollution laws in the country. Topics include local government antipollution laws, creation of antipollution laws, and clarifying the responsibility of industries in antipollution drives.  The book also touches on the role of scientists in the task of achieving a better environment; challenges of stress on human health in urban ecosystems; and environmental problems on a global scale.  The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in the application of science for the improvement of the environment.

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Session Lectures Presented at the Twentysixth International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan, 4-10 September 1977

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26th International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Volume 5: Macromolecular Chemistry is a collection of session lectures presented at the 26th International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry, held in Tokyo, Japan on September 4-10, 1977.  This volume is divided into nine chapters and starts with an examination of the photomechanical effects in photochromic systems. The succeeding chapters deal with the synthesis and characterization of polyquinolines; the general concept of no catalyst alternating copolymerization; the synthesis of various condensation polymers with functional groups, such as ether, hydroxyl, epoxy; or formal groups; and the application of excited state quenching to macromolecular photostabilization. These topics are followed by discussions of the viscoelastic properties of dilute polymer solutions and the developments in the use of polymers as reactants in organic reactions. The last chapters consider the determination of the helix-coil stability constants of the naturally occurring amino acids using random copolymers. These chapters also examine the structure and dynamics of solid polymers using elastic and inelastic neutron scattering.  This book will prove useful to polymer chemists, researchers, and students.

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The Proceedings of a Seminar Sponsored by the UN Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) and the Ministry for Research and Technology of the Federal Republic of Germany Held in Gottingen, October 1976

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Microbial Energy Conversion documents the proceedings of a seminar in Gottingen in October 1976.  This book discusses the potential of microorganisms to use solar energy or convert biomass produced by solar energy in such a way that new microbial energy sources can supplement or partially replace conventional sources.  This compilation reviews biomass production and elaborates on in detail the microbial processes that are involved in the conversion of the primary biomasseither freshly harvested or disposed of as wasteinto energy sources that are similar to hydrogen, methane, propane, gasoline, Diesel oil, methanol, ethanol, or electricity. The microbial processes that contribute to the development of known energy resources, such as mining of low grade ores of copper, zinc, and uranium; reclamation of oil from oil shale; and recovery of conventional and heavy oil and gas, are also deliberated. This text likewise elaborates on the study of photosynthetic enzyme systems, hydrogenase, immobilization of enzymes and pigments on membranes, and construction of artificial photosynthetic units.  This book is beneficial to students and researchers conducting work on microbial energy conversion.

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Session Lectures Presented at the Twentysixth International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan, 4-10 September 1977

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26th International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Volume 3: Analytical Chemistry is a collection of session lectures presented at the 26th International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry, held in Tokyo, Japan on September 4-10, 1977.   This book is divided into six chapters and begins with the features of the general purpose microcomputer data system, which is a cost-effective means to bring the power of machine intelligence to a wide variety of chemical instruments. The succeeding chapters deal with the application of sequential as kinetics by relaxation and correlation NMR spectroscopy and the design of chelating ligands for metal buffering in aqueous solution. These topics are followed by a discussion of the applications of collisional activation/mass spectrometry to ion and molecular structure determination and to the analysis of complex mixtures. The last chapter describes the advantages and limitations of atomic fluorescence spectroscopy as a trace metal analytical technique.  This book is of great value to analytical and organic chemists, researchers, and students.

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Session Lectures Presented at the Twentysixth International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan, 4-10 September 1977

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Physical Chemistry covers the session lectures presented at the 26th International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry, held in Tokyo, Japan on 4-10 September 1977. The book focuses on the processes, reactions, properties, and transformations of molecules, including energy transfer and spectroscopy.  The selection first discusses the applications of lasers in chemical spectroscopy and dynamics; microwave spectral studies of interstellar molecules; and molecular reaction dynamics by the crossed molecular beam technique. The text also reviews the chemical applications of ionizing excited atom-molecule collisions, including penning ionization by metastables and non-metastables, ionization in collisions with high-N-Rydberg atoms, and true associative ionization.  The manuscript examines the picosecond time-resolved measurements of vibrational energy transfer and relaxation phenomena in large polyatomic molecules and microwave spectroscopy of short-lived molecules. The text also ponders on the electronic structures of aromatic hydrocarbons with high spin multiplicities in the electronic ground state and non-stoichiometry and structural disorder in inorganic compounds.  The selection is a dependable reference for chemists and readers interested in pure and applied chemistry.

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Proceedings of The Open Meetings of The Working Group on Space Biology of The Twentieth Plenary Meeting of COSPAR, Tel Aviv, Israel, 7-18 June 1977

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Cospar Life Sciences and Space Research, Volume XVI covers the proceedings of the Open Meetings of the Working Group on Space Biology of the 20th Plenary Meeting of COSPAR, held in Tel Aviv, Israel, on June 7-18, 1977. The book focuses on the developments in space explorations; approaches for the creation of extraterrestrial intelligence; and biochemical mechanism of the visual-light-flash phenomena.

The selection first discusses the Viking Lander biology experiments on Mars. The experiments returned detailed picture of the Martian soil surface chemistry. The text also takes a look at a preliminary search for narrowband signals at microwave frequencies; observational program options and system requirements for the search of extraterrestrial intelligence; and public health considerations related to a Mars surface sample return mission. The book reviews planetary protection guidelines for outer planet missions, including Viking clean room technology, efficacy of clean room assembly, and Jupiter Orbiter Probe PP appraisal. The text also focuses on the effects of temperature, salinity, and other factors on the growth and formation of UV-absorbing substances by the fungus aspergillus; effects of gravitational and magnetic fields on transplanted neuroblastoma vascularity; and the roles of body mass and gravity in identifying the energy requirements of homoiotherms.

The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in space research.

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A Social Geography of England and Wales considers the theoretical concepts of the social geography of England and Wales. This book is composed of 11 chapters that discuss the theories of industrialization and urbanization.  The opening chapters deal with the origins and settlement of English people, as well as the workings of feudal society with its hierarchy of groups of different legal status, ranging from the king through the base of the system. The succeeding chapters examine the vital formative phase in British social history. Other chapters explore the strengths and weaknesses of several ecological and economic models of urban structure that are transported from North America to Great Britain. A chapter looks into the variations in housing type and quality form intriguing reflections of fundamental differences in British Society based on a theory of housing classes. This text also surveys residents of the inner areas of many British cities now experience substantial social problems, which are compounded in areas of multiple deprivation. The final chapters cover the dispersion of urbanism into the countryside where it has provoked fundamental social and spatial changes related to commuting, retirement migration and tourism.  This book is of value to historians, sociologists, researchers, and undergraduate students.

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Richard Dennis, Hugh Clout, W. B. Fisher

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International Series on the Science of the Solid State

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Band Structure of Semiconductors provides a review of the theoretical and experimental methods of investigating band structure and an analysis of the results of the developments in this field.  The book presents the problems, methods, and applications in the study of band structure. Topics on the computational methods of band structure; band structures of important semiconducting materials; behavior of an electron in a perturbed periodic field; effective masses and g-factors for the most commonly encountered band structures; and the treatment of cyclotron resonance, Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations, magnetophonon resonance, and magneto-optical phenomena are discussed.  Experimental physicists, theoretical physicists, students and research workers, and engineers working in the field of semiconductor electronics will find this book a great source of vital information.

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Catalogue of Reference Materials from National Laboratories

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Physicochemical Measurements: Catalogue of Reference Materials from National Laboratories offers information on chemicals, including their density, magnetic susceptibility, calorimetry, molecular conductance, and thermal conductivity.   The catalog first offers information on acidimetry, calorimetry, and spectrophotometry and tristimulus colorimetry. The chemicals examined include potassium hydrogen, boric and benzoic acids, heptane, neopentane, and aluminum oxide. The text then presents data on density, dielectric constants, differential thermal analysis, magnetic susceptibility, and molar conductance. The chemicals evaluated include cyclohexane, kerosene, toluene, chlorobenzene, carbon tetrachloride, potassium nitrate, indium, tin, aluminum, platinum, and potassium chloride.  The book discusses the molecular weight of polymers, refractive index, relative humidity, specular spectral reflectance, and surface tension. The text also takes a look at thermal conductivity and emissivity and vapor pressure.   The catalog is a dependable reference for readers interested in the composition, characteristics, and reactions of chemicals.

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Critical Survey of Stability Constants of EDTA Complexes

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Critical Evaluation of Equilibrium Constants in Solution: Stability Constants of Metal Complexes

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Critical Survey of Stability Constants of EDTA Complexes focuses on the computations, values, and characteristics of stability constants.  The book emphasizes that for a critical discussion of experimentally determined stability constants, it is important to consider the precision of the values that manifests the self-consistency of the constant, taking into consideration the random errors.  The publication reviews the stability constants of metal complexes. The numerical calculations affirm the reactions and transformations of metal ions when exposed to varying conditions. The text also presents a list of enthalpies of reactions with (ethylenedinitrito)tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) obtained by direct calorimetric measurements.  The book also notes that in order to identify reliable metal complex stability constants for a ligand, it is important to know the formation constants of protonated species.  The text is a dependable reference for readers wanting to dig deeper into the stability constants of EDTA complexes.

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Bibliography on the Fatigue of Materials, Components and Structures

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Bibliography on the Fatigue of Materials, Components and Structures, Volume 2 is a list of references on the above subject spanning the years 1951-1960. The list of references is arranged chronologically according to the book's or paper's publication year. The Bibliography then lists the surname of the first author alphabetically in the respective year. When a paper gives no authors, it is listed at the end of the alphabetical listing of that year, in order of the publication date. The Bibliography also provides a subject and author index.   The description that the volume uses is based on the titles of the paper or book. The text also lists the title in the original language of the paper, followed by an English translation. The volume contains more than 1,000 published materials from 30 countries. The topics these references cover are on the fundamental research made in the fatigue of materials; the determination of fatigue properties; the utilization of a different manufacturing methods; the various formulations to overcome occurrence of problems; and the development of design techniques. The style of numbering followed in this volume is a continuation of the numbering system used in Volume 1.   The Bibliography can be used by physicists, scientists, and materials engineers to gain access to a wide variety of books, papers, and research on the above subject.

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Case Studies in Automation Related to Humanization of Work

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Proceedings of the IFAC Workshop, Enschede, Netherlands, 31 October - 4 November 1977

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Case Studies in Automation Related to Humanization of Work focuses on the role of organization renewal in the humanization of work, including the effects of automation on the industries and workers.  The selection first offers information on the quality of working life and work of the social effects of automation committee from Bad Boll to Enschede. Topics include factors and situations that foster or hinder diffusion of successful development in the QWL field and development of alienating work. The book also examines a comparative study in various man-machine systems; work organization with multipurpose assembly robots; and system development and human consequences in the steel industry.  The text discusses man-machine interfaces in the Cony-16 integrated manufacturing system, automation of wig-welding, and mechanization of assembly lines in the automotive industry. The book also underscores an approach to the production line of automobiles by man-computer system, including stock minimization, problems of line balancing in assembly process, and production control and inventory.  The publication is a dependable reference for readers wanting to study the relationship of automation and quality of work life.

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International Symposium On Solid Ionic and Ionic-Electronic Conductors

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Selected Papers from the Conference Held in Rome, September 1976

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Solid Ionic and Ionic-Electronic Conductors presents a selection of papers gathered from the International Conference on Solid Ionic and Ionic-Electronic Conductors, held in Rome in September 1976. The collection emphasizes studies on lithium ion conductors and solid electrolytes.  The conference covers a broad range of topics on solid ionic and ionic-electronic conductors. A considerable amount of papers are written on Li-ion conductors, where topics on conductivity data for several lithium ion conductors; new Li-ion conductors with several different structure types; and the crystal structure of a group of ternary copper compounds of the composition CuTeX are presented. Papers dealing with investigations and applications of solid electrolytes are also substantial and cover topics on iodine diffusion and gettering in solid electrolyte batteries; the application of solid electrolytes to the thermodynamic study of some alkaline earths silicates; and properties and applications of sulfate-based solid electrolytes.  Electronics engineers, physicists, researchers, materials engineers, and businessmen in the electronics industry will find the contents of the book insightful.

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Plenary Lectures Presented at the International Symposium on Advances in Smoking of Foods, Warsaw, Poland, 8 - 10 September, 1976

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Advances in Smoking of Foods covers the plenary lectures presented at the International Symposium on Advances in Smoking of Foods, held in Warsaw, Poland, on September 8-10, 1976. The book focuses on the processes involved in the smoke curing of foods, as well as on the analysis of the production of smoke and compounds found in it.

The compilation first offers information on the phenomena of quality in the smoke curing process, including the history, reviews, and advances of the process. The book then evaluates the physical and chemical processes involved in the production and application of smoke. The processes considered in the production of smoke from wooden materials are underscored.

The text presents an analysis of smoke and smoked food, wherein it is posed that wood smoke is composed of compounds formed by the pyrolysis of wood constituents such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Polycyclic hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds are discussed. The book also explains the contributions of smoke compounds to sensory, bacteriostatic, and antioxidative effects in smoked foods; facts and legislation regarding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in smoked foods; and concepts in technology and design of machinery for production and application of smoke in the food industry.

The selection is a vital source of information for readers wanting to study the smoke curing of foods.

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Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature: Definitive Rules 1977 focuses on the recommended nomenclature and symbols to be used in various disciplines of analytical chemistry.  The book first offers information on recommendations for the presentation of the results of chemical analysis; recommendations for terminology to be employed with precision balances; and recommendations on nomenclature for contamination phenomena in precipitation from aqueous solution. The text also takes a look at recommended nomenclature for automatic analysis and recommendations for nomenclature of thermal analysis and mass spectrometry, as well as recommended nomenclature for titrimetric analysis.  The publication reviews the practical measurements of pH in amphiprotic and mixed solvents. Topics include operational pH scale; selection of a pH unit for amphiprotic solvents; and interpretation of the measured pH. The text also considers the recommendations on nomenclature and presentation of data in gas chromatography and recommendations on nomenclature for chromatography.  The book is a valuable source of data for readers wanting to study analytical nomenclature.

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H. M. N. H. Irving, H. Freiser, T. S. West

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Elementary Vectors, Third Edition serves as an introductory course in vector analysis and is intended to present the theoretical and application aspects of vectors.  The book covers topics that rigorously explain and provide definitions, principles, equations, and methods in vector analysis. Applications of vector methods to simple kinematical and dynamical problems; central forces and orbits; and solutions to geometrical problems are discussed as well. This edition of the text also provides an appendix, intended for students, which the author hopes to bridge the gap between theory and application in the real world.  The text will be a superb reference material for students of higher mathematics, physics, and engineering.

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Biochemistry of Characterised Neurons provides a report on the progress made in the analysis of the biology of specific neurons in the central nervous system.  This book emphasizes the biochemical, morphological, and functional aspects of characterized neurons, including ways and sophisticated techniques of isolating them.  This publication is divided into 11 chapters. The first chapter evaluates the relevance of working with single neurons. Chapters 2 to 6 discuss specific, characterized, invertebrate neurons containing one of the putative neurotransmitter substances. Chapter 7 deals with the biochemistry of a unique vertebrate (Torpedo) cholinergic system that enables pure cholinergic neuronal cell bodies and endings to be analyzed separately. The sensitive radiochemical procedures used to analyze transmitter substances and transmitter enzymes, and how they can be adapted to map the distribution of transmitters in individual neurons of Aplysia, are discussed in Chapter 8. Chapter 9 describes methods for the analysis of specific cells in the retina, while Chapters 10 and 11 focus on the analysis of proteins within defined neurons.  This text is beneficial to biochemists and students interested in analyzing neurons.

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Applications of Holography and Optical Data Processing

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Proceedings of the International Conference, Jerusalem, August 23-26, 1976

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Applications of Holography and Optical Data Processing contains the proceedings of the International Conference on Applications of Holography and Optical Data Processing, held in Jerusalem in August 1976. The conference is attended by eminent scientists in the field of optics, characterized by high-level scientific presentations and discussions.  The collection is a representation of research on the cutting edge of applied and theoretical optics. The four-day meeting covers topics on holographic applications in medicine, interferometry, display, storage, and retrieval, as well as image processing, measuring techniques, spectroscopy, and recording materials and devices. The participants of the conference believe in the promising future of research on Optical Data Processing as long as techniques are complemented by electronic support.  The book will be of value to electronics engineers, technicians, computer scientists, and computer engineers.

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E. Marom, A. A. Friesem, E. Wiener-Avnear