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The Commonwealth and International Library: Reading in Sociology

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Readings in Race and Ethnic Relations is a part of a series of Readings in Sociology. This book is composed of four parts with a total of 17 chapters. Part 1 explains the concepts of race, racism, and identity. Parts 2 and 3 elucidate the relationship of race with religion, urbanization, and ethnic stratification. Lastly, Part 4 explores how race is associated with politics and conflict.  One of the distinctive features of this book is the inclusion of some articles translated into English from other languages. Linguists, communicators, and other people interested in this field of study will find this book invaluable.

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An Introduction to Turbulence and its Measurement

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Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics Series

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An Introduction to Turbulence and Its Measurement is an introductory text on turbulence and its measurement. It combines the physics of turbulence with measurement techniques and covers topics ranging from measurable quantities and their physical significance to the analysis of fluctuating signals, temperature and concentration measurements, and the hot-wire anemometer. Examples of turbulent flows are presented.  This book is comprised of eight chapters and begins with an overview of the physics of turbulence, paying particular attention to Newton's second law of motion, the Newtonian viscous fluid, and equations of motion. After a chapter devoted to measurable quantities, the discussion turns to some examples of turbulent flows, including turbulence behind a grid of bars, Couette flow, atmospheric and oceanic turbulence, and heat and mass transfer. The next chapter describes measurement techniques using hot wires, films, and thermistors, as well as Doppler-shift anemometers; glow-discharge or corona-discharge anemometers; pulsed-wire anemometer; and steady-flow techniques for fluctuation measurement.  This monograph is intended for post-graduate students of aeronautics and fluid mechanics, but should also be readily understandable to those with a good general background in engineering fluid dynamics.

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Electrical (Generator and Electrical Plant)

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Electrical (Generator and Electrical Plant), Volume 4 is a five-chapter text that covers the principles, design, manufacture, characteristics, and maintenance of generators and electrical plant equipment.  Chapter 1 deals with the design, construction, and operational aspects of large turbo-generators of up to 500 MW rating. Chapter 2 summarizes the practices in respect of main switchgear and ancillary equipment for generating stations. Chapter 3 looks into the main parameters of the electrical auxiliary system design and the details of the switchgear, motors, and associated equipment. Chapter 4 describes the construction and assembly, design, operation, and maintenance of transformers. This chapter also covers the development of power cables for transformers, installation, and commissioning tests. Chapter 5 examines the role of protection in system design and the principles and operation of automatic voltage regulators.  This book is of great value to workers and students who are interested in the design and operation of electrical plant equipment.

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Proceedings of a Conference on Genetics, Bone Biology, and Analysis of Growth Data Held May 13, 1967, Ann Arbor, Michigan

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Cranio-Facial Growth in Man contains the proceedings of a Conference on Genetics, Bone Biology, and Analysis of Growth Data, held in Ann Arbor, Michigan on May 1-3, 1967. Contributors discuss the state of knowledge in the area of cranio-facial growth, with emphasis on three primary areas of cranio-facial research: bone biology, genetics, and analysis of growth data.  This text consists of 19 chapters organized into six sections. After giving an overview of research on cranio-facial growth done at the National Institute of Dental Research (NIDR), this book turns its attention to the biology of bone. Topics covered in this section include the mechanisms of cartilage growth and replacement in endochondral ossification; the histological characteristics of bone that reflect mineral homeostasis; and modes of growth of the neurocranium. The reader is also introduced to the genetics of cranio-facial growth and techniques in processing and handling growth data. A chapter that evaluates methods and perspectives in cranio-facial research concludes the book.  This book will serve as a useful guide to prospective and active investigators in the field of human biology, to graduate students in their selection of a meaningful research topic, and to the NIDR in terms of future program planning.

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Computers in the Service of Society examines the role of computers in contemporary society. Based on a seminar series given in the spring of 1969 and co-sponsored by The American University, the book discusses the different societal problems that may be ameliorated by the application of computer technology. The focus of the book is on mans response to computers, whether the multiple roles of the computer can be comprehended by the decision makers of our times, and whether the vast potential as well as limitations of automatic data processing can be conveyed to the public at large.  The book consists of 10 chapters and begins with an overview of the evolution and impact of systems methodology and computer technology; their application to the management of information; and Congresss increasing awareness of the potential of systems technology, especially the electronic computer. The text then turns its attention to the development of policies for national scientific and technical information systems; systems management in government; how computers help the government in serving society; and acceptance and use of computer technology by corporate management. The possibility of computer-utility services evolving as regulated services is also considered. The book concludes by assessing where the computer is likely to take us in the last third of the 20th century, paying particular attention to the possibility of applying computer technology to the operations of Congress and the legislative process.  The text will be of interest to planners, decision makers, professionals, and students working in the field of computer technology.

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International Series of Monographs in Analytical Chemistry

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Indicators offers a comprehensive account of indicators and their applications in areas such as titrimetric analysis and the analysis of mineral waters. The theory and principles of visual indicators are discussed, along with acid-base indicators, indicators for non-aqueous acid-base titrations, and titrations with non-chelating ligands. Metallochromic indicators, adsorption indicators, oxidation-reduction indicators, and fluorescent and chemiluminescent indicators are also considered.  This volume is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with a brief history of indicators, including the contribution of Robert Boyle in the field. The different kinds of indicators are also described, along with developments in indicators in the nineteenth century. The next chapter deals with the theory and principles of visual indicators, followed by a discussion on acid-base indicators such as organic dyes, inorganic substances, compounds capable of fluorescence, and chemiluminescent systems. Subsequent chapters explore other varieties of indicators, including indicators for non-aqueous acid-base titrations, metallochromic indicators, and adsorption indicators, as well as oxidation-reduction indicators and fluorescent and chemiluminescent indicators.  This book will be of interest to chemists.

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International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy

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Introduction to the Theory of Magnetism is an introductory text on the theory of magnetism. The discussions are organized around diamagnetism, paramagnetism, and ferromagnetism. The exchange interaction and the resulting many-particle problem for a system of atomic spins are also considered, and the properties of this system are examined in several approximations.  This book is comprised of three chapters and begins with a review of the fundamental effects of diamagnetism, paying particular attention to the Bohr-van Leeuwen theorem, the Fermi gas, Landau levels, and cyclotron resonance. The diamagnetism of atoms and ions and of electrons is also described, and the magnetic moment of a free electron gas produced by the intrinsic magnetic moment of the electrons is calculated. The next chapter is devoted to the classical theory of paramagnetism and covers the paramagnetism of free electrons, free atoms (rare earths), and atoms in a crystal. Paramagnetic resonance and the Zeeman effect of free atoms are highlighted. The third and last chapter focuses on ferromagnetism and ferromagnetic resonance, together with the molecular-field approximation, spin waves, high temperatures, and the band model.  This monograph will be a valuable resource for students of physics.

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The Commonwealth and International Library: Mechanical Engineering Division

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Stress Analysis Problems in S.I. Units covers topics usually dealt with in HNC and HND strength of materials subjects, in CEI Part I, in the London degree subject properties of materials and stress analysis. Problems are rewritten in S.I. units, with numerical values being rounded to achieve rational metric sizes.  This book is organized into 10 chapters covering various aspects involved in stress analysis. These include statics; stress and strain; two-dimensional stress systems; stresses in beams; torsion; and beam deflections. Strain energy methods, elementary plastic stress analysis, and analysis of stress in engineering components are also explained. A list of the base and derived units used in this book is given as well.  This book will be very useful to students studying for CNAA degrees.

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D. F. Mallows, W. J. Pickering, N. Hiller

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Power Systems Engineering and Mathematics

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International Series of Monographs in Electrical Engineering

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Power Systems Engineering and Mathematics investigates the application of mathematical aids, particularly the techniques of resource planning, to some of the technical-economic problems of power systems engineering. Topics covered include the process of engineering design and the use of computers in system design and operation; power system planning and operation; time scales and computation in system operation; and load prediction and generation capacity.  This volume is comprised of 13 chapters and begins by outlining the stages in the synthesis of designs (or operating states) for engineering systems in general, as well as some of the mathematical techniques that can be used. The next chapter relates these stages to power system design and operation, indicating the principal factors that determine a power system's viable and economic expansion and operation. The problem of choosing the standards for transmission and distribution plants is then considered, together with the choice of generation (""plant mix"") to meet the total requirement and the sequence of studies and decisions required in system operation. The remaining chapters deal with security assessment, scheduling of a generating plant, and the dispatching of generation.   This book is intended for engineers and managers in the electricity supply industry, advanced students of electrical engineering, and workers in other industries with interest in resource allocation problems.

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Data Processing Systems and Associated Equipment

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The two volumes of BANKING AUTOMATION 1970-71 present - for the first time - comprehensive guidance on the vast range of methods and equipment which sophisticated electronic and systems engineering is contributing to the enhancement of efficiency and security in Banks, Finance Houses, Commercial and Industrial concerns throughout the world.

Volume I encompasses the field of data processing, and includes a considerable review of existing and potential applications for computers and associated systems, peripheral and verifying equipment in the continually expanding realm of banking and accountancy.

Volume II covers money and cheque handling equipment; communications systems; drive-in banking; safes and security equipment; closed-circuit television monitoring; intruder alarm systems; office and mailing machinery; paper and forms handling equipment; etc. , etc.

Useful features include a Directory of suppliers who specialise in the types of equipment, system-planning and services featured in these volumes; also a Glossary which is aimed to be of equal importance to readers with a bias of expertise in banking and money technology, or in automation. These features appear in Volume I.

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G. W. A. Dummer, F. P. Thomson, J. Mackenzie Robertson

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The Commonwealth and International Library: Pergamon Oxford Russian Series

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International Organization Documents for Translation from French

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The Commonwealth and International Library: Pergamon Oxford French Series

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International Organization Documents for Translation from French

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Introduction to the Theory of Atomic Spectra

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International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy

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Introduction to the Theory of Atomic Spectra is a systematic presentation of the theory of atomic spectra based on the modern system of the theory of angular momentum. Many questions which are of interest from the point of view of using spectroscopic methods for investigating various physical phenomena, including continuous spectrum radiation, excitation of atoms, and spectral line broadening, are discussed.  This volume consists of 11 chapters organized into three sections. After a summary of elementary information on atomic spectra, including the hydrogen spectrum and the spectra of multi-electron atoms, the reader is methodically introduced to angular momentum, systematics of the levels of multi-electron atoms, and hyperfine structure of spectral lines. Relativistic corrections are also given consideration, with particular reference to the use of the Dirac equation to determine the stationary states of an electron in an arbitrary electromagnetic field. In addition, the book explores the Stark effect and the Zeeman effect, the interaction between atoms and an electromagnetic field, and broadening of spectral lines. The final chapter is devoted to the problem of atomic excitation by collisions.  This book is intended for advanced-course university students, postgraduate students and scientists working on spectroscopy and spectral analysis, and also in the field of theoretical physics.

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I. I. Sobel'Man, G. K. Woodgate, D. Ter Haar

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Electron Optics, Second English Edition, Part I: Optics is a 10-chapter book that begins by elucidating the fundamental features and basic techniques of electron optics, as well as the distribution of potential and field in electrostatic lenses. This book then explains the field distribution in magnetic lenses; the optical properties of electrostatic and magnetic lenses; and the similarities and differences between glass optics and electron optics. Subsequent chapters focus on lens defects; some electrostatic lenses and triode guns; and magnetic lens models. The strong focusing lenses and prism optics are also described.  This book will be useful to graduating students, as well as to beginners who sometimes feel lost in the abundant specialized literature.

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Its Production, Conversion and Use in the Service of Man

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Energy: Its Production, Conversion and Use in the Service of Man deals with energy production and conversion as well as its role in the advancement of civilization. Based on three lectures delivered in February-March 1962 under the auspices of the Graduate School of Business Columbia University, the book explores a wide range of energy-related issues such as energy supply, fossil fuels, electricity, nuclear power, coal, oil, and natural gas.  This volume begins with a discussion of some of the current fallacies and overstatements about the role of energy, including the fear of a world shortage of energy, the premature optimism about the early replacement of fossil fuels by nuclear power, and the idea that energy is a panacea for the solution of the problems of underdeveloped countries. It argues that the future of energy in this century is secure owing to the large reserves of coal and the continuous discoveries of fresh sources of oil and natural gas, along with the ultimate promise of economic nuclear power. The importance of electricity in the economic growth of the United States is highlighted. Attention then turns to the probable consumption of energy in the United States in the years 1975 and 2000. The book concludes by calling for the continuous development of an adequate supply of fossil fuels.  This book will be of interest to students, planners and policymakers, as well as  workers and researchers in every phase of energy, including scientists, technologists, and engineers.

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Philip Sporn, M. W. Thring, D. C. Rhys Jones, T. F. Gaskell

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Cataloguing for School Libraries: A Guide to Simplified Form presents the rules, based on the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, for the cataloging of library materials.  The book covers standard procedures and some proposed modifications in the cataloging of both print and non-print library materials. Subtle variations to standard procedures are made to ease the burden of catalogers and simplify the use of card catalogs. Details on cataloging from the preparation of the author entry; description of the work; adding of notes; tracing of catalog cards; and filing are thoroughly discussed.  Practicing librarians and students of library science will find this text very useful.

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Post-O-Level Studies in Modern Languages

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Post-O-level Studies in Modern Languages is a 14-chapter book that begins with an explanation of the changing structure of the sixth-form curriculum and the outlining of a model curriculum based on five areas of experience: communication; sociological and cultural aspects; mathematics; scientific education; and aesthetic experience.  The book also discusses the transition from O-level to advanced studies; the study of literature in the A-level curriculum; and the French and literary studies in the sixth-form curriculum. Other chapters tackle the A-level examination syllabus, as well as some problems and suggestions in integrated language studies. Modern languages in industry and commerce, role of the language laboratory in post-O-level studies, and modern language tests in the United States are also explained.

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Research in Protozoology is the fourth volume of a series that covers the progress being made in protozoology. This book is comprised of four chapters and begins with a discussion of synchronized cell division in protozoa, including the species Tetrahymena pyriformes, Astasia longa, Plasmodium lophurae, Amoeba proteus and Acanthamoeba sp., and Physarum polycephalum. The following chapters discuss nuclear phenomena during conjugation and the relationship between protozoa and other animals, with emphasis on parasitism, relations between parasite and host groups, and host specificity. The final chapter focuses on chromosomes and nucleoli in some opalinid protozoa.  The book is highly recommended for biologists, microbiologists, zoologists, and parasitologists who want to be updated about the developments in the field of protozoology.

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International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy

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Theory of Intermolecular Forces deals with the exposition of the principles and techniques of the theory of intermolecular forces.  The text focuses on the basic theory and surveys other aspects, with particular attention to relevant experiments. The initial chapters introduce the reader to the history of intermolecular forces. Succeeding chapters present topics on short, intermediate, and long range atomic interactions; properties of Coulomb interactions; shape-dependent forces between molecules; and physical adsorption.  The book will be of good use to experts and students of quantum mechanics and advanced physical chemistry.

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The Commonwealth and International Library: Education and Educational Research

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Society, Schools, and Progress in Peru presents a descriptive analysis of the Peruvian educational system, with particular emphasis on socio-cultural changes that have transpired.  The publication first elaborates on cultural and educational traditions, emergence of public schooling, and the social, economic, and political context of education. Concerns cover political organization, economic setting, educational consequences of socio-cultural stratification, social organization, race and culture, US education missions, Indian and Spanish heritage, and colonial and Republican education. The text then takes a look at educational objectives and administration, formal school programs, nonformal education, and preparation of teachers. Topics include teacher supply and demand, teacher-preparation programs, reform efforts, education in the military, education and industry, first-level educational programs, and administrative organization. The text ponders on education, revolution, and nation-building, higher education, and teacher professionalization programs.   The book is a valuable source of data for historians and educators interested in the development of the educational system in Peru.