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Introduction to Set Theory and Topology describes the fundamental concepts of set theory and topology as well as its applicability to analysis, geometry, and other branches of mathematics, including algebra and probability theory. Concepts such as inverse limit, lattice, ideal, filter, commutative diagram, quotient-spaces, completely regular spaces, quasicomponents, and cartesian products of topological spaces are considered.  This volume consists of 21 chapters organized into two sections and begins with an introduction to set theory, with emphasis on the propositional calculus and its application to propositions each having one of two logical values, 0 and 1. Operations on sets which are analogous to arithmetic operations are also discussed. The chapters that follow focus on the mapping concept, the power of a set, operations on cardinal numbers, order relations, and well ordering. The section on topology explores metric and topological spaces, continuous mappings, cartesian products, and  other spaces such as spaces with a countable base, complete spaces, compact spaces, and connected spaces. The concept of dimension, simplexes and their properties, and cuttings of the plane are also analyzed.  This book is intended for students and teachers of mathematics.

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Kazimierz Kuratowski, I. S. Sneddon, M. Stark

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Guidance and Counselling in Schools: A Response to Change is a comprehensive account of the origins and basis of guidance and counseling in British schools, as well as the principles underlying developments in guidance and counseling. Emphasis is on principles as they manifest themselves within the existent structure, traditions, and potentialities of the British educational system.  This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with a historical overview of vocational guidance in Britain and an assessment of its current and future prospects. The next chapter focuses on the selection examination at 11-plus in secondary education as a major act of educational guidance in Britain, paying particular attention to the criticisms against it and changes in public attitudes toward the selection examination. The influence of social class on educational opportunity is also discussed, along with the trend toward social democracy in education. The remaining chapters explore the practice of classifying children by streaming on the basis of ability and aptitude; teaching and evaluation in the classroom; child-centered education; the child study movement; and the limitations of counseling.  This monograph should be of interest to parents, teachers, and students, as well as educational psychologists, school administrators, and policymakers.

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International Series of Monographs In library and Information Science

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A Manual of Cataloguing Practice is a text on cataloguing and covers topics ranging from the major cataloguing codes to the subject catalogue, the name catalogue, and cataloguing of special materials. Physical forms of catalogue are also considered, along with the filing and arrangement of catalogue entries; centralized and cooperative cataloguing; the organization of cataloguing; and the relation of cataloguing to modern methods of information retrieval.  This manual is comprised of 16 chapters and begins with an overview of the nature and purpose of catalogues, as well as the history of cataloguing and catalogues. The discussion then turns to the development and application of the major cataloguing codes, including the British Museum Cataloguing Rules; the Vatican Code; the American Library Association Rules 1949; and the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules 1967. Some particular problems of author-title cataloguing are considered, together with the solutions suggested by some of the major codes and the practices of some individual libraries. External guides (instructions for the use of the catalogue) and internal guides (""signposts"" within the catalogue) are also discussed. Finally, the future of cataloguing is examined.  This book will be a useful resource for practicing cataloguers and librarians as well as students of librarianship.

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Smoking: A Behavioral Analysis is written by two experimental social psychologists. It focuses on the psychological aspect of smoking and the effects that role-playing has on it.   Comprised of two parts, the first part deals with the reasons that people begin and continue smoking, the environmental and intra-individual support for smoking, the relationship of these supports, and the values and expectations concerning the effects of smoking. The second part details an experiment that uses role-playing to induce a change in smoking. It includes the background, design, procedure, and the implications of the experiment in the research and control of smoking.  The book is a valuable reference for psychologists, medical doctors, experts, and lay people interested in smoking,  smoking cessation, and the relationship of behavior to this habit.

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Bernard Mausner, Ellen S. Platt, Arnold P. Goldstein, Leonard Krasner

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The Commonwealth and International Library: Social Administration, Training Economics and Production Division

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National Economic Accounting seeks to fill a gap that exists in the field of applied national accounting. It examines the relationship between accounting conventions and statistical material used in the accounts.  The book is divided into three parts. Part One discusses the methodology of national accounting, and it covers the history, development, and purpose of national accounting. Part Two relates to the sources of data for national accounting, while Part Three discusses short-term, long-term, project, and economical planning, as well as national account statistics, regional studies, and international comparisons.  As the book pays special attention to developing countries, it is highly recommended for government officials and others involved in economic matters in those countries. It is also suitable for accountants,  economists, and financial analysts who are interested in national accounting and wish to learn more about it.

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Carleen O'Loughlin, R Brown, G. Chandler, W.A. Davis

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The Commonwealth and International Library: Social Administration, Training, Economics, and Production Division

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The Efficient Port, follows up on the book, Cargo Handling and the Modern Port. It suggests ways to improve cargo handling, shipping, and the management and design of ports. It also tries to predict what the future port will be like, given current revolutionary changes.  The book discusses the port's history, current function and design, and changes over the years. It also reviews the port's many important components: the berth, the ship, the laborers, and the cargo. The book recommends improvements to mechanization and general cargo work, as well as to the management and administration of ports; it also discusses what ports will be like in the future and the problems they may face.  This book will appeal to port authorities, coastguards, shipping lines, logistics and cargo companies, naval architects, and other professionals whose livelihood centers on the port, its many activities and functions, and its management.

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R. B. Oram, C. C. R. Baker, R Brown, G. Chandler, W. A. Davis

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Residuation Theory aims to contribute to literature in the field of ordered algebraic structures, especially on the subject of residual mappings.   The book is divided into three chapters. Chapter 1 focuses on ordered sets; directed sets; semilattices; lattices; and complete lattices. Chapter 2 tackles Baer rings; Baer semigroups; Foulis semigroups; residual mappings; the notion of involution; and Boolean algebras. Chapter 3 covers residuated groupoids and semigroups; group homomorphic and isotone homomorphic Boolean images of ordered semigroups; Dubreil-Jacotin and Brouwer semigroups; and lolimorphisms.  The book is a self-contained and unified introduction to residual mappings and its related concepts. It is applicable as a textbook and reference book for mathematicians who plan to learn more about the subject.

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T. S. Blyth, M. F. Janowitz, I. N. Sneddon, M. Stark

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Vigilance: The Problem of Sustained Attention

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International Series of Monographs in Experimental Psychology

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Vigilance: The Problem of Sustained Attention deals with vigilance and how the ability to sustain attention is influenced by certain definite conditions of the external and internal environment. Topics covered range from factors affecting vigilance performance to the physiological correlates of vigilance, theories of vigilance performance, and the relationship between arousal and vigilance performance.

This volume is comprised of six chapters and begins with an overview of research on vigilance behavior, followed by a discussion on some of the factors affecting vigilance performance, including signal frequency and personality. Subsequent chapters explore physiological correlates of vigilance such as galvanic skin resistance and cortical evoked potentials; reinforcement theory, expectancy theory, and other theories of vigilance performance; and arousal theory and the phenomenon of time error. The final chapter considers some of the conditions that improve vigilance performance, along with the correlation between vigilance and arousal.

This book will be of interest to psychologists.

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Report of the Seventh National Research Conference on Creativity

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Climate for Creativity is a report of the Seventh National Research Conference on Creativity. For various reasons, the contributions of a few others to the conference are not included as chapters in this book. The book is divided into two parts, separating 18 papers presented as chapters. Part I details the organizational setting for creativity. Part II describes other creativity settings and studies, including predictors and criteria of creativity; programming creative behavior; creativity research program; and a holistic approach to creativity.

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The Commonwealth and International Library: Electrical Engineering Division, Volume 2

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Radio and Line Transmission, Volume 2 gives a detailed treatment of the subject as well as an introduction to additional advanced subject matter.  Organized into 14 chapters, this book begins by explaining the radio wave propagation, signal frequencies, and bandwidth. Subsequent chapters describe the transmission lines and cables; the aerials; tuned and coupled circuits; bipolar transistor amplifiers; field-effect transistors and circuits; thermionic valve amplifiers; LC oscillators; the diode detectors and modulators; and the superheterodyne receiver. Other chapters explore noise and interference in the transmission; the negative feedback that occurs in amplifier; and the methods used in the field of electronic measurements.  This volume will be very valuable to technicians in the electrical engineering industry.

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Sociological Self-Images: A Collective Portrait is a collection of papers on the self-images of different sociologists regarding their work, their profession, and their contributions to the social sciences.  The book is comprised of 14 papers contributed by different experts in sociology, each of whom seeks to answer the following questions:  1. What do you consider the most unique characteristics of your way of defining sociology?  2. What is your view of the current relationship between sociological theory and social application?  3. Which sociologists  influenced you or do you most respect? Are they the same now as in your formative years?  4. Which of your writings do you like best and why?  5. What impact would you say your sociological efforts have had on reshaping the field?  The book is an excellent resource for those who study sociology and wish to know and be inspired by the views, opinions, and works of other sociologists.

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Society, Schools and Progress in the West Indies

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Society, Schools and Progress in the West Indies is one of a mutually supporting series in this field of interest in a number of significant countries or region. This book focuses on West Indies, aiming to provide important information about education and society, to raise certain questions which need to be carefully considered if education is to lead to real human development, and to provide informed opinion on a variety of subjects affecting society, schools, and progress .  Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with an historical survey of education in the West Indies. It then talks about the socio-economic complex, and the school and general education arrangements in the area. The prevalent aims and assumptions in this field are also shown. Subsequent chapters explore the important matter of priorities in education in the West Indies, and define the concept of ""education for development"".  This book will be very helpful for students of sociology, government and politics, as well as education.

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Theoretical Mechanics for Sixth Forms, Volume 2 deals with mathematics as a double subject for sixth-form pupils. This book is a continuation of the revised edition of the course in Theoretical Mechanics.   This volume discusses the principle of virtual work, stability of equilibrium, vector algebra, and the motion of bodies with variable masssubjects that can help the student prepare for the freshman year in a university or in one of the polytechnic schools. Compared to the earlier edition, this volume discusses in more detail topics such as the motion of a particle in two dimensions and systems of coplanar forces. This book also emphasizes vector algebra and its many applications, explaining the concept of a vector, the Cartesian coordinates and components, the definitions of vectors and scalars, and vector applications to kinetics. This text also contains exercise problems with answers.   This volume can be used for sixth-form students in the U.K. and is also suitable for third year students of a sixth form course as preparation for further studies.

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The Commonwealth and International Library: Reading in Sociology

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Readings in Race and Ethnic Relations is a part of a series of Readings in Sociology. This book is composed of four parts with a total of 17 chapters. Part 1 explains the concepts of race, racism, and identity. Parts 2 and 3 elucidate the relationship of race with religion, urbanization, and ethnic stratification. Lastly, Part 4 explores how race is associated with politics and conflict.  One of the distinctive features of this book is the inclusion of some articles translated into English from other languages. Linguists, communicators, and other people interested in this field of study will find this book invaluable.

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An Introduction to Turbulence and its Measurement

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Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics Series

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An Introduction to Turbulence and Its Measurement is an introductory text on turbulence and its measurement. It combines the physics of turbulence with measurement techniques and covers topics ranging from measurable quantities and their physical significance to the analysis of fluctuating signals, temperature and concentration measurements, and the hot-wire anemometer. Examples of turbulent flows are presented.  This book is comprised of eight chapters and begins with an overview of the physics of turbulence, paying particular attention to Newton's second law of motion, the Newtonian viscous fluid, and equations of motion. After a chapter devoted to measurable quantities, the discussion turns to some examples of turbulent flows, including turbulence behind a grid of bars, Couette flow, atmospheric and oceanic turbulence, and heat and mass transfer. The next chapter describes measurement techniques using hot wires, films, and thermistors, as well as Doppler-shift anemometers; glow-discharge or corona-discharge anemometers; pulsed-wire anemometer; and steady-flow techniques for fluctuation measurement.  This monograph is intended for post-graduate students of aeronautics and fluid mechanics, but should also be readily understandable to those with a good general background in engineering fluid dynamics.

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Electrical (Generator and Electrical Plant)

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Electrical (Generator and Electrical Plant), Volume 4 is a five-chapter text that covers the principles, design, manufacture, characteristics, and maintenance of generators and electrical plant equipment.  Chapter 1 deals with the design, construction, and operational aspects of large turbo-generators of up to 500 MW rating. Chapter 2 summarizes the practices in respect of main switchgear and ancillary equipment for generating stations. Chapter 3 looks into the main parameters of the electrical auxiliary system design and the details of the switchgear, motors, and associated equipment. Chapter 4 describes the construction and assembly, design, operation, and maintenance of transformers. This chapter also covers the development of power cables for transformers, installation, and commissioning tests. Chapter 5 examines the role of protection in system design and the principles and operation of automatic voltage regulators.  This book is of great value to workers and students who are interested in the design and operation of electrical plant equipment.

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Proceedings of a Conference on Genetics, Bone Biology, and Analysis of Growth Data Held May 13, 1967, Ann Arbor, Michigan

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Cranio-Facial Growth in Man contains the proceedings of a Conference on Genetics, Bone Biology, and Analysis of Growth Data, held in Ann Arbor, Michigan on May 1-3, 1967. Contributors discuss the state of knowledge in the area of cranio-facial growth, with emphasis on three primary areas of cranio-facial research: bone biology, genetics, and analysis of growth data.  This text consists of 19 chapters organized into six sections. After giving an overview of research on cranio-facial growth done at the National Institute of Dental Research (NIDR), this book turns its attention to the biology of bone. Topics covered in this section include the mechanisms of cartilage growth and replacement in endochondral ossification; the histological characteristics of bone that reflect mineral homeostasis; and modes of growth of the neurocranium. The reader is also introduced to the genetics of cranio-facial growth and techniques in processing and handling growth data. A chapter that evaluates methods and perspectives in cranio-facial research concludes the book.  This book will serve as a useful guide to prospective and active investigators in the field of human biology, to graduate students in their selection of a meaningful research topic, and to the NIDR in terms of future program planning.

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Computers in the Service of Society examines the role of computers in contemporary society. Based on a seminar series given in the spring of 1969 and co-sponsored by The American University, the book discusses the different societal problems that may be ameliorated by the application of computer technology. The focus of the book is on mans response to computers, whether the multiple roles of the computer can be comprehended by the decision makers of our times, and whether the vast potential as well as limitations of automatic data processing can be conveyed to the public at large.  The book consists of 10 chapters and begins with an overview of the evolution and impact of systems methodology and computer technology; their application to the management of information; and Congresss increasing awareness of the potential of systems technology, especially the electronic computer. The text then turns its attention to the development of policies for national scientific and technical information systems; systems management in government; how computers help the government in serving society; and acceptance and use of computer technology by corporate management. The possibility of computer-utility services evolving as regulated services is also considered. The book concludes by assessing where the computer is likely to take us in the last third of the 20th century, paying particular attention to the possibility of applying computer technology to the operations of Congress and the legislative process.  The text will be of interest to planners, decision makers, professionals, and students working in the field of computer technology.

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International Series of Monographs in Analytical Chemistry

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Indicators offers a comprehensive account of indicators and their applications in areas such as titrimetric analysis and the analysis of mineral waters. The theory and principles of visual indicators are discussed, along with acid-base indicators, indicators for non-aqueous acid-base titrations, and titrations with non-chelating ligands. Metallochromic indicators, adsorption indicators, oxidation-reduction indicators, and fluorescent and chemiluminescent indicators are also considered.  This volume is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with a brief history of indicators, including the contribution of Robert Boyle in the field. The different kinds of indicators are also described, along with developments in indicators in the nineteenth century. The next chapter deals with the theory and principles of visual indicators, followed by a discussion on acid-base indicators such as organic dyes, inorganic substances, compounds capable of fluorescence, and chemiluminescent systems. Subsequent chapters explore other varieties of indicators, including indicators for non-aqueous acid-base titrations, metallochromic indicators, and adsorption indicators, as well as oxidation-reduction indicators and fluorescent and chemiluminescent indicators.  This book will be of interest to chemists.

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International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy

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Introduction to the Theory of Magnetism is an introductory text on the theory of magnetism. The discussions are organized around diamagnetism, paramagnetism, and ferromagnetism. The exchange interaction and the resulting many-particle problem for a system of atomic spins are also considered, and the properties of this system are examined in several approximations.  This book is comprised of three chapters and begins with a review of the fundamental effects of diamagnetism, paying particular attention to the Bohr-van Leeuwen theorem, the Fermi gas, Landau levels, and cyclotron resonance. The diamagnetism of atoms and ions and of electrons is also described, and the magnetic moment of a free electron gas produced by the intrinsic magnetic moment of the electrons is calculated. The next chapter is devoted to the classical theory of paramagnetism and covers the paramagnetism of free electrons, free atoms (rare earths), and atoms in a crystal. Paramagnetic resonance and the Zeeman effect of free atoms are highlighted. The third and last chapter focuses on ferromagnetism and ferromagnetic resonance, together with the molecular-field approximation, spin waves, high temperatures, and the band model.  This monograph will be a valuable resource for students of physics.