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A Topical Study of Architecture, Dynamics, Comparative Chemistry and Technology in a Biological System

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International Series of Monographs on Pure and Applied Biology: The Plant Cell Wall, Volume 2 is a four-chapter text that covers the botanical aspects of cell wall. This book specifically discusses the cell types and cell walls in vascular plants, as well as the classification and constitution of cell wall.  This book deals first with the fractionation, biosynthesis, components, formation regulation, and breakdown of cell wall. These topics are followed by discussions on cell wall polysaccharides, lignin structures, cell wall changes during cell growth, and the analysis of the wall-lysing enzymes. Other chapters examine the types and chemical components of cell wall carbohydrates and the surface processes in lignin polymer formations. A study of the phylogenetic aspects of lignins and lignin synthesis is presented. A chapter is devoted to the classification and features of plant species. The remaining chapter focuses on the non-vascular plants, protista, and metazoa.  The book can provide useful information to scientists, botanists, students, and researchers.

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S. M. Siegel, P. F. Wareing, A. W. Galston

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International Series of Monographs on Electronics and Instrumentation

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Topics in Engineering Logic contains the lectures given at the Indian Statistical Institute in Calcutta, India, during the Spring of 1959. The lectures focus on a variety of topics related to engineering logic, including the use of the logical matrix as an auxiliary to the construction of various types of codes. Elementary logical circuits for synchronous systems are also considered, with emphasis on "two-wire" systems based on static flip-flops and having various phase structures.  Comprised of seven chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the logical matrix, a form of representation of logical functions that permits rapid and clear solution of varied problems in logical design. The discussion then turns to elementary logical circuits for synchronous systems and their physical properties, with particular reference to contacts, diodes, and transistors as well as phase structures and diode-gated flip-flops for single-phase and two-phase applications. Subsequent chapters deal with a graphical approach based on the logical matrix as a method for reducing the canonic form to the two-level minimal form; codes and matrices; operational circuits; and the question of increasing reliability through structural redundance. The book concludes with several typical logical design problems, including a drum-indexing circuit and a series-parallel decimal multiplier.  This monograph will be of interest to engineers.

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Morton Nadler, D.W. Fry, W.A. Higinbotham

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Generalized Analytic Functions is concerned with foundations of the general theory of generalized analytic functions and some applications to problems of differential geometry and theory of shells. Some classes of functions and operators are discussed, along with the reduction of a positive differential quadratic form to the canonical form. Boundary value problems and infinitesimal bendings of surfaces are also considered.  Comprised of six chapters, this volume begins with a detailed treatment of various problems of the general theory of generalized analytic functions as as well as boundary value problems. The reader is introduced to some classes of functions and functional spaces, with emphasis on functions of two independent variables. Subsequent chapters focus on the problem of reducing a positive differential quadratic form to the canonical form; basic properties of solutions of elliptic systems of partial differential equations of the first order, in a two-dimensional domain; and some boundary value problems for an elliptic system of equations of the first order and for an elliptic equation of the second order, in a two-dimensional domain. The final part of the book deals with problems of the theory of surfaces and the membrane theory of shells.  This book is intended for students of advanced courses of the mechanico-mathematical faculties, postgraduates, and research workers.

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I. N. Vekua, I. N. Sneddon, S. Ulam, M. Stark

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A Collection of Problems on Mathematical Physics

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International Series of Monographs in Pure and Applied Mathematics

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A Collection of Problems on Mathematical Physics is a translation from the Russian and deals with problems and equations of mathematical physics. The book contains problems and solutions.  The book discusses problems on the derivation of equations and boundary condition. These Problems are arranged on the type and reduction to canonical form of equations in two or more independent variables. The equations of hyperbolic type concerns derive from problems on vibrations of continuous media and on electromagnetic oscillations. The book considers the statement and solutions of boundary value problems pertaining to equations of parabolic types when the physical processes are described by functions of two, three or four independent variables such as spatial coordinates or time. The book then discusses dynamic problems pertaining to the mechanics of continuous media and problems on electrodynamics. The text also discusses hyperbolic and elliptic types of equations. The book is intended for students in advanced mathematics and physics, as well as, for engineers and workers in research institutions.

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B. M. Budak, A. A. Samarskii, A. N. Tikhonov, I. N. Sneddon, M. Stark, S. Ulam

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High Temperature Metallography focuses on the reactions, processes, methodologies, and approaches involved in high temperature metallography.   The publication first offers information on the basic principles of high temperature vacuum metallography, including the methods of heating test specimens in vacuo to high temperatures; specimens for investigating structure and properties of metals by heating in vacuo; and methods of regulating and controlling the temperature of specimens heated in vacuo.  The text then ponders on vacuum systems in equipment for investigating the structure and properties of metals and alloys heated at low ultimate pressures, as well as gas flow through the tubes during evacuation; construction and characteristics of vacuum pumps used for high temperature metallography equipment; and approximate calculation of parameters of vacuum systems for equipment intended for investigating metals during heating in a vacuum.  The book takes a look at equipment and instruments for investigating metals heated in a vacuum; method of investigation by studying microstructures and properties of metals and alloys while heated in vacuo; and methods for measuring elasticity, internal friction, and hardness, and for investigating the deformation of metals and alloys at high temperatures in vacuo.   The text is a dependable reference for readers interested in high temperature metallography.

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Algebraical and Topological Foundations of Geometry

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Proceedings of a Colloquium Held in Utrecht, August 1959

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Algebraical and Topological Foundations of Geometry contains the proceedings of the Colloquium on Algebraic and Topological Foundations of Geometry, held in Utrecht, the Netherlands in August 1959. The papers review the algebraical and topological foundations of geometry and cover topics ranging from the geometric algebra of the Mobius plane to the theory of parallels with applications to closed geodesies. Groups of homeomorphisms and topological descriptive planes are also discussed.  Comprised of 26 chapters, this book introduces the reader to the theory of parallels with applications to closed geodesies; groups of homeomorphisms; complemented modular lattices; and topological descriptive planes. Subsequent chapters focus on collineation groups; exceptional algebras and exceptional groups; the connection between algebra and constructions with ruler and compasses; and the use of differential geometry and analytic group theory methods in foundations of geometry. Von Staudt projectivities of Moufang planes are also considered, and an axiomatic treatment of polar geometry is presented.  This monograph will be of interest to students of mathematics.

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A Collection of Problems on a Course of Mathematical Analysis

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Collection of Problems on a Course of Mathematical Analysis contains selected problems and exercises on the main branches of a Technical College course of mathematical analysis.   This book covers the topics of functions, limits, derivatives, differential calculus, curves, definite integral, integral calculus, methods of evaluating definite integrals, and their applications. Other topics explored include numerical problems related to series and the functions of several variables in differential calculus, as well as their applications. The remaining chapters examine the principles of multiple, line, and surface integrals, the trigonometric series, and the elements of the theory of fields.   This book is intended for students studying mathematical analysis within the framework of a technical college course.

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G. N. Berman, I. N. Sneddon, M. Stark, S. Ulam

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The Composition, Structure and Reactivity of Proteins

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A Laboratory Manual of Analytical Methods of Protein Chemistry (Including Polypeptides)

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The Composition, Structure and Reactivity of Proteins

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International Series of Monographs on Semiconductors

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Semiconducting III-V Compounds deals with the properties of III-V compounds as a family of semiconducting crystals and relates these compounds to the monatomic semiconductors silicon and germanium. Emphasis is placed on physical processes that are peculiar to III-V compounds, particularly those that combine boron, aluminum, gallium, and indium with phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony (for example, indium antimonide, indium arsenide, gallium antimonide, and gallium arsenide).  Comprised of eight chapters, this book begins with an assessment of the crystal structure and binding of III-V compounds, focusing on the properties of the zinc-blende structure as well as processes ranging from ionicity and infrared lattice absorption to electronegativity. The reader is then introduced to the band structure of III-V compounds and its theoretical aspects, along with cyclotron resonance and the diamagnetic Landau effect. Subsequent chapters discuss impurities and defects; optical and electrical properties; photoelectric effects; and preparation and applications of III-V compounds.   This monograph will be of interest to physicists.

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C. Hilsum, A. C. Rose-Innes, Heinz R. Henisch

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Volume V: Society for the Study of Human Biology

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Symposia of the Society for the Study of Human Biology, Volume V: Dental Anthropology is a collection of papers that covers the application of dental pathology in the context of anthropology. The book presents 15 studies that cover various human dental variables and relates to different anthropological factors.  The dental variables considered in the articles include tooth morphology; occlusion and malocclusion of primate teeth; morphogenesis of deciduous molar pattern in man; and double-rooted human lower canine teeth. The text also covers topics about race specific dental traits such as radiographic study of the Neanderthal teeth from Krapina; crown characters of the deciduous dentition of the Japanese-American hybrids; and analysis of the American Indian dentition.  The selection will be of great interest to evolutionary scientists, such as anthropologists and paleontologists.

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Radiation Chemistry of Organic Compounds

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International Series of Monographs on Radiation Effects in Materials

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Radiation Effects in Materials, Volume 2: Radiation Chemistry of Organic Compounds provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of radiation chemistry of organic compounds. This book reviews the published work on the radiation chemistry of organic compounds.  Organized into nine chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the study of the chemical reactions produced by high-energy radiation. This text then explores the two groups of radiation sources, namely, natural and artificial, that have been equally valuable for radiation chemistry. Other chapters consider the radiation chemistry of water and aqueous systems that is important to organic radiation chemistry. This book discusses as well how radiation alters simple organic compounds, and how the response varies with the irradiation conditions and the presence of other substances. The final chapter deals with the economic aspects of the use of radiation sources in industry.  This book is a valuable resource for radiation chemists.

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Tables of Lame polynomials presents tables of Lame polynomials, which were calculated on the Ferranti "Mercury" machine at the London University Computer Unit in England. Lame polynomials are solutions of Lame differential equation, which is used in a number of different forms, including the "Jacobian form". A particular Lame polynomial is specified completely (apart from a constant multiplier) by the type number, the value of N, and the position of the corresponding eigenvalue of h in the set of such eigenvalues.  Comprised of three chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the theory of Lame polynomials and the equations involved, together with their elementary properties and correspondence with other notations. The tabulated form of Lame polynomials and the method of tabulation are discussed, and approximations in limiting cases are considered. The next chapter deals with the method of computation of the Lame polynomials, including the calculation of the coefficients, eigenroots, and eigenvectors. The book concludes with a description of the instructions and terms used in the program using the PIG input routine on the Ferranti "Mercury" computer.   This monograph will be of interest to mathematicians and mathematics students.

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The Commonwealth and International Library of Science, Technology, Engineering and Liberal Studies: Navigation and Nautical Courses

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Ship Magnetism and the Magnetic Compass deals with the magnetism of ships and the deviation of the magnetic compass produced by this magnetism. Emphasis is placed on the distinction between the deviation itself and what causes the deviation. Numerous worked examples for exercise are found at the end of each chapter.   Comprised of 15 chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to magnetometry, paying particular attention to the magnitude of the forces involved in magnetism and the manner in which these forces act. The strength of a magnetic pole is also considered, along with the angle of deflection of the needle when in two magnetic fields. Subsequent chapters offer a thorough treatment of the strength of the magnetic field and the magnet's moment of inertia and magnetic moment; the earth's magnetic force; and how the different parts of the ship's magnetic force give different types of deviation. The book also explains the heeling error and its causes; the principle underlying successful compass adjustment; the effect of the ship's magnetic forces on the directive force felt by the compass needles; and sub-permanent magnetism.  This monograph will be of value to students and practitioners interested in ship magnetism and the magnetic compass.

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F. G. Merrifield, J. H. Clough Smith, G. E. Earl

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An Introduction to Psychoanalytic Theory of Motivation

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An Introduction to Psychoanalytic Theory of Motivation details the fundamental concepts in applying the psychoanalytic theory in understanding motivation. The title addresses the short-comings of the psychoanalytic theory, particularly the lack of scientific literature.  The first part of the text covers the critical concepts in psychoanalytic theory, such as the psychological forces, defense mechanisms, superego, and primal desires. In the second part, the selection details the theory at work; this part discusses the major stages of life from a psychoanalytic perspective. The text also talks about a system of psychopathology, along with the consideration to take in psychotherapy.  The book will be of great interest to students, researchers, and practitioners of behavioral science.

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The Role of Speech in the Regulation of Normal and Abnormal Behavior

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The Role of Speech in the Regulation of Normal and Abnormal Behavior examines the role of speech in the regulation of normal and abnormal behavior. Research findings on the regulatory role of verbal communication in ontogenesis and its disruption under various pathological states of the brain are summarized. The role of speech in the formation of mental processes is also discussed, along with the development of the regulatory role of speech.  Comprised of three chapters, this book begins with a detailed account of the role of speech in the formation and evolution of mental processes in hopes of identifying the mechanisms underlying complex mental activities. It shows that speech enters integrally into the structure of mental processes and that it is a powerful means of regulating human behavior. The second chapter explores how the regulatory function of speech is formed and how it influences the formation of voluntary movements. The last chapter considers the relationship between speech and action as a criterion for identifying various forms of pathological behavior and for analyzing the compensation of the defects that result from it.  This monograph will be of interest to psychologists.

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Nitration of Hydrocarbons and Other Organic Compounds

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Nitration of Hydrocarbons and Other Organic Compounds tackles various concerns in the process of substituting hydrogen atoms in the aromatic or heterocyclic nucleus, or in saturated hydrocarbon, by nitro groups.  The title first covers the nitration of aromatic and heterocyclic compounds with nitric acid and nitrating mixture, and then proceeds to discussing the mechanism of the nitration of aromatic compounds with nitric acid and nitrating mixture. Next, the selection deals with the nitration of saturated, aromatic-aliphatic and unsaturated hydrocarbons with nitric acid. The text also talks about the nitration with nitrogen oxides, along with the nitration of amines. The last chapter details the nitration of organic compounds with organic and inorganic nitrates and nitroxyl.  The book will be of great interest to students, researchers, and practitioners of organic chemistry.

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Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Carbon

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Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Carbon

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Some Problems of Chemical Kinetics and Reactivity

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Some Problems of Chemical Kinetics and Reactivity discusses two types of explosion in detail. These two types are the thermal and chain explosion. Points are also given in the book about thermal theory on a quantitative basis. The book explains that the science of combustion develops as a special branch of chemical kinetics.  The text  also covers the chain ignition concept. Such concept shows that phosphorus would not ignite below some critical oxygen pressure and no traces of reaction could be detected under such condition. Another type of concept discussed in the book is the branched chain reactions. The book proves that the existence of limit phenomenon determines the practicability of using nuclear energy. Factors such as pressure, density, temperature, and vessel dimension transform inert condition to violent reaction. Formulas and computations to prove the concepts mentioned are provided in the book.  The book will provide valuable insight to nuclear physicists, scientists, students,  and researchers.

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Sixth International Congress of Neurology

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Neurology, Volume 1 presents the proceedings of the First International Congress of Neurological Sciences, held in Brussels, Belgium, on July 2128, 1957. This book provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of neurology.  Organized into 107 chapters, this compilation of papers begins with an overview of the significance of genetic factors in multiple sclerosis wherein its occurrence in more than one member of a family have a very limited value. This text then examines the two common disorders, namely, cervical spondylosis and disseminated sclerosis. Other chapters explain the mechanism of demyelination problem in considering the pathology of multiple sclerosis or any of the degenerative diseases of the nervous system. This book discusses as well the commonest types of headaches observed, including tension headache, migraine headache, post-traumatic headache, and those associated with hypertension. The final chapter deals with cerebellar ataxia, chronic respiratory infection, and telangiectasia.  This book is a valuable resource for neurologists, psychiatrists, and neuropsychiatrists.

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International Series of Monographs in Pure and Applied Biology: Modern Trends in Physiological Sciences

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Fundamentals of Radiobiology presents a clear picture of the effects of radiation to living organisms. It discusses the steps leading from the absorption of energy to death or final injury. The focus of study is the changes induced at the molecular level by absorbing energy. Some of the topics covered in the book are the methods for determining the direct and indirect action in biological systems, the nature of the initial chemical lesion in cellular radiobiology, the definition of target theory and the meaning of poison theory.  The subjects on general radiation chemistry are also covered. The fields of radiation chemistry that will be discussed are the role of excitation, the variation of reactions between gases, liquids, and solids; and the status of free radicals created. The effects of radiation on macromolecules are discussed. The text defines the important role of metabolism in the development of the lesions. An analysis of the interactions of ionizing radiations with is presented. A chapter of the volume is devoted to the radiation chemistry of aqueous systems. Another section of the book focuses on the chemicals which simulate the biological effects of ionizing radiations.  The book will provide useful information to doctors, chemists, biologists, radiologists, students and researchers.