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The Commonwealth and International Library of Science, Technology, Engineering and Liberal Studies: Navigation and Nautical Courses

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Ship Magnetism and the Magnetic Compass deals with the magnetism of ships and the deviation of the magnetic compass produced by this magnetism. Emphasis is placed on the distinction between the deviation itself and what causes the deviation. Numerous worked examples for exercise are found at the end of each chapter.   Comprised of 15 chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to magnetometry, paying particular attention to the magnitude of the forces involved in magnetism and the manner in which these forces act. The strength of a magnetic pole is also considered, along with the angle of deflection of the needle when in two magnetic fields. Subsequent chapters offer a thorough treatment of the strength of the magnetic field and the magnet's moment of inertia and magnetic moment; the earth's magnetic force; and how the different parts of the ship's magnetic force give different types of deviation. The book also explains the heeling error and its causes; the principle underlying successful compass adjustment; the effect of the ship's magnetic forces on the directive force felt by the compass needles; and sub-permanent magnetism.  This monograph will be of value to students and practitioners interested in ship magnetism and the magnetic compass.

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F. G. Merrifield, J. H. Clough Smith, G. E. Earl

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An Introduction to Psychoanalytic Theory of Motivation

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An Introduction to Psychoanalytic Theory of Motivation details the fundamental concepts in applying the psychoanalytic theory in understanding motivation. The title addresses the short-comings of the psychoanalytic theory, particularly the lack of scientific literature.  The first part of the text covers the critical concepts in psychoanalytic theory, such as the psychological forces, defense mechanisms, superego, and primal desires. In the second part, the selection details the theory at work; this part discusses the major stages of life from a psychoanalytic perspective. The text also talks about a system of psychopathology, along with the consideration to take in psychotherapy.  The book will be of great interest to students, researchers, and practitioners of behavioral science.

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The Role of Speech in the Regulation of Normal and Abnormal Behavior

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The Role of Speech in the Regulation of Normal and Abnormal Behavior examines the role of speech in the regulation of normal and abnormal behavior. Research findings on the regulatory role of verbal communication in ontogenesis and its disruption under various pathological states of the brain are summarized. The role of speech in the formation of mental processes is also discussed, along with the development of the regulatory role of speech.  Comprised of three chapters, this book begins with a detailed account of the role of speech in the formation and evolution of mental processes in hopes of identifying the mechanisms underlying complex mental activities. It shows that speech enters integrally into the structure of mental processes and that it is a powerful means of regulating human behavior. The second chapter explores how the regulatory function of speech is formed and how it influences the formation of voluntary movements. The last chapter considers the relationship between speech and action as a criterion for identifying various forms of pathological behavior and for analyzing the compensation of the defects that result from it.  This monograph will be of interest to psychologists.

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Nitration of Hydrocarbons and Other Organic Compounds

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Nitration of Hydrocarbons and Other Organic Compounds tackles various concerns in the process of substituting hydrogen atoms in the aromatic or heterocyclic nucleus, or in saturated hydrocarbon, by nitro groups.  The title first covers the nitration of aromatic and heterocyclic compounds with nitric acid and nitrating mixture, and then proceeds to discussing the mechanism of the nitration of aromatic compounds with nitric acid and nitrating mixture. Next, the selection deals with the nitration of saturated, aromatic-aliphatic and unsaturated hydrocarbons with nitric acid. The text also talks about the nitration with nitrogen oxides, along with the nitration of amines. The last chapter details the nitration of organic compounds with organic and inorganic nitrates and nitroxyl.  The book will be of great interest to students, researchers, and practitioners of organic chemistry.

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Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Carbon

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Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Carbon

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Some Problems of Chemical Kinetics and Reactivity

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Some Problems of Chemical Kinetics and Reactivity discusses two types of explosion in detail. These two types are the thermal and chain explosion. Points are also given in the book about thermal theory on a quantitative basis. The book explains that the science of combustion develops as a special branch of chemical kinetics.  The text  also covers the chain ignition concept. Such concept shows that phosphorus would not ignite below some critical oxygen pressure and no traces of reaction could be detected under such condition. Another type of concept discussed in the book is the branched chain reactions. The book proves that the existence of limit phenomenon determines the practicability of using nuclear energy. Factors such as pressure, density, temperature, and vessel dimension transform inert condition to violent reaction. Formulas and computations to prove the concepts mentioned are provided in the book.  The book will provide valuable insight to nuclear physicists, scientists, students,  and researchers.

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Sixth International Congress of Neurology

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Neurology, Volume 1 presents the proceedings of the First International Congress of Neurological Sciences, held in Brussels, Belgium, on July 2128, 1957. This book provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of neurology.  Organized into 107 chapters, this compilation of papers begins with an overview of the significance of genetic factors in multiple sclerosis wherein its occurrence in more than one member of a family have a very limited value. This text then examines the two common disorders, namely, cervical spondylosis and disseminated sclerosis. Other chapters explain the mechanism of demyelination problem in considering the pathology of multiple sclerosis or any of the degenerative diseases of the nervous system. This book discusses as well the commonest types of headaches observed, including tension headache, migraine headache, post-traumatic headache, and those associated with hypertension. The final chapter deals with cerebellar ataxia, chronic respiratory infection, and telangiectasia.  This book is a valuable resource for neurologists, psychiatrists, and neuropsychiatrists.

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International Series of Monographs in Pure and Applied Biology: Modern Trends in Physiological Sciences

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Fundamentals of Radiobiology presents a clear picture of the effects of radiation to living organisms. It discusses the steps leading from the absorption of energy to death or final injury. The focus of study is the changes induced at the molecular level by absorbing energy. Some of the topics covered in the book are the methods for determining the direct and indirect action in biological systems, the nature of the initial chemical lesion in cellular radiobiology, the definition of target theory and the meaning of poison theory.  The subjects on general radiation chemistry are also covered. The fields of radiation chemistry that will be discussed are the role of excitation, the variation of reactions between gases, liquids, and solids; and the status of free radicals created. The effects of radiation on macromolecules are discussed. The text defines the important role of metabolism in the development of the lesions. An analysis of the interactions of ionizing radiations with is presented. A chapter of the volume is devoted to the radiation chemistry of aqueous systems. Another section of the book focuses on the chemicals which simulate the biological effects of ionizing radiations.  The book will provide useful information to doctors, chemists, biologists, radiologists, students and researchers.

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International Tracts in Computer Science and Technology and Their Application

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Annual Review in Automatic Programming focuses on the techniques of automatic programming used with digital computers. Topics covered range from the design of machine-independent programming languages to the use of recursive procedures in ALGOL 60. A multi-pass translation scheme for ALGOL 60 is described, along with some commercial source languages. The structure and use of the syntax-directed compiler is also considered.  Comprised of 12 chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on the basic ideas involved in the description of a computing process as a program for a computer, expressed in a formal symbolic language such as ALGOL 60. The emphasis is on the information conveyed by the program constituents (semantics), rather than the particular form used (syntax). Subsequent chapters focus on generalized ALGOL; the design of machine-independent programming languages; JOVIAL, a programming language for real-time command systems; and a complete ALGOL translator, expressed in ALGOL itself. A detailed description of the compiler compiler is also presented, together with the Rapidwrite program. The final chapter is devoted to file processing in SEAL (Standard Electronic Accounting Language).  This monograph will be of interest to computer programmers.

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A Course of Mathematics for Engineers and Scientists

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A Course of Mathematics for Engineers and Scientists, Volume 3: Theoretical Mechanics details the fundamentals concepts of theoretical mechanics.   The title first covers the foundations of mechanics, and then proceeds to tackling plane statics and virtual work. Next, the selection talks about continuously distributed forces. The text also deals with kinematics, along with particle dynamics. Chapter VII covers systems of particles, while Chapter VIII tackles the uniplanar motion of a rigid body. The ninth chapter discusses stability, and the last chapter details impulsive motion and variable mass.  The book will be of great use to students of engineering and pure and applied mathematics.

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Radio Stations: Installation, Design and Practice is concerned with various methods used in the planning, design, and installation of radio stations. The stages involved are discussed, from determining the ideal layout to drawing out the site plan and outlining the building plan. The factors to consider in the relative siting of the building are also addressed, along with the selection of the desired aerial and earth systems as well as the masts and/or towers.  Comprised of 12 chapters, this book begins with a review of things to consider when choosing and inspecting a site for the proposed radio station, including good soil conductivity and dielectric properties to good access roads and availability of electricity supply within reasonable proximity. Subsequent chapters focus on the selection of buildings; the choice of masts or towers for aerial systems; design, construction, characteristics, and method of installation of transmission lines; and aerial systems commonly used with communications systems. The book also looks at transmission line switching systems, control units, and workshops.   This monograph is intended for radio engineers and station designers.

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G. A. Chappel, D. W. Fry, W. A. Higinbotham

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The Founder of the Theory of Evolution and Natural Selection

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Charles Darwin: The Founder of the Theory of Evolution and Natural Selection provides a comprehensive coverage of the whole spectrum of the theory of evolution. The title presents the historical accounts and conceptual basis that leads to the foundation of the theory of evolution.  The text first covers the history of the theory of evolution; the book also details the early form of the theory up to the point of the theories acceptance. Next, the selection discusses the basis and development of theory of evolution.  The book will be of great interest to anyone who wants to investigate in great depth the theory of evolution.

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The Collected Works of Irving Langmuir with Contributions in Memoriam Including a Complete Bibliography of His Works

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Atmospheric Phenomenon is composed of different essays written or co-authored by Irving Langmuir. The essays explore the different parts that form the atmosphere. A section of the book describes the evaporation of small spheres. Another section is about the radial flow in rotating liquids. The book also covers the light signals in aviation and navigation. An essay that describes the airplane tracks in the surface of stratus clouds is then provided.     Some of the essays contained in a section in the book focus on the process of cloud seeding. This section explores such topics as smoke filters, cloud droplets, and water droplet trajectories. Another section in the book is especially devoted to the methods of cloud seeding using dry ice, silver iodide, and sodium chloride.  The book can be a useful tool for aviation scientists, engineers in the field of aerial navigation, and individuals whose field of study is mainly on weather manipulation and control.

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Proceedings of a Joint Conference Organised by the Hydrocarbon Research Group, Institute of Petroleum, and A.S.T.M. Committee E.14 and Held in the University of London, 24th26th September, 1958

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Advances in Mass Spectrometry documents the proceedings of a Joint Conference on Mass Spectrometry held at the University of London, Great Britain on September 24-26, 1958.  This compilation reviews the instruments, techniques, applications, and major developments in mass spectrometry over the past years.  The topics discussed include the performance and image error correction of the new stigmatic focusing mass spectrograph; correction of second order aberrations in inhomogeneous magnetic sector fields; and high sensitivity solid source mass spectrometry. The isotope dilution analysis; digitization of mass spectra; ionization potentials of alkyl and halogenated alkyl free radicals; and negative ion formation and electric breakdown in some halogenated gases are also elaborated. This book likewise covers the mass spectrometer as a geological instrument and absorption and desorption of gases in the ionized state on metal and glass surfaces.  This publication is a useful reference to students and researchers conducting work on mass spectrometry.

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The Dynamics of Automatic Control Systems

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The Dynamics of Automatic Control Systems focuses on the dynamics of automatic control systems and the fundamental results of the theory of automatic control. The discussion covers theoretical methods of analysis and synthesis of automatic control systems common to systems of various physical natures and designs. Concrete examples of the simplest functional circuits are presented to illustrate the principal ideas in the construction of automatic control systems and the application of the theoretical methods.  Comprised of 19 chapters, this book begins by describing different forms of automatic control systems, with emphasis on open and closed loop automatic systems. The reader is then introduced to transients in automatic regulation systems; methods for improving the regulation process; and some problems in the theory of automatic regulation. Subsequent chapters deal with linearization and transformation of the differential equations of an automatic regulation system; stability criteria for ordinary linear systems; equations of systems with delay and with distributed parameters; and equations of nonlinear automatic regulation systems. The oscillations and stability of nonlinear systems are also considered.  This monograph will be of interest to engineers and students.

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International Series of Monographs on Pure and Applied Biology: Modern Trends in Physiological Sciences

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Progress in Microscopy details the advancement in various areas of microscopy. The title covers the phenomena, techniques, measurements, and equations.  The text first details the physical aspects of image formation in microscopy, and then proceeds to tackling phase contrast, interference, and reflected-light microscopy. Next, the selection deals with the geometrical measurements and the measurement of refraction indices, thickness, and slope. The text also covers infra-red and ultra-violet microscopy, microspectroscopy, microspectrophotometry, and chemical microscopy.  The book will be of great use to physicists who specializes in optics.

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Boron Fluoride and Its Compounds as Catalysts in Organic Chemistry

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International Series of Monographs on Organic Chemistry

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Boron Fluoride and Its Compounds as Catalysts in Organic Chemistry deals with the concerns associated with the utilization of boron fluoride as a catalyst. The title provides a comprehensive account of boron fluoride, such as its properties, compounds, and related methodologies.  The coverage of the text includes the preparation and recovery of boron fluoride, along with the physical and chemical properties. The selection also covers various boron fluoride compounds and their respective reaction to various processes, such as alkylation, polymerization, and nitration.  The book will be of great interest to students, researchers, and practitioners of organic chemistry.

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A. V. Topchiev, S. V. Zavgorodnii, Ya. M. Paushkin, W. Doering, D. H. Barton

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International Series of Monographs on Pure and Applied Biology: Biochemistry

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The Chromatography of Steroids details the fundamental concepts and underlying principles of laboratory techniques utilized in separating steroid mixtures.   The text first covers the basic theory of chromatography, and then proceeds to tackling the chromatographic separation of steroids. Next, the selection details the techniques and apparatus employed in chromatography of steroids. Chapter IV talks about the colorimetric and radioisotopic techniques, while Chapter V deals with the structural analysis and identification of steroids by chromatography. The text also coves the typical analytical problems of steroid biochemistry.  The book will be of great use to researchers who utilizes chromatographic methods in their work with steroids.

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I. E. Bush, R. K. Callow, P. N. Campbell, S. P. Datta

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Thermionic Phenomena is the third volume of the series entitled The Collected Works of Irving Langmuir. This volume compiles articles written during the 1920's and early 1930's, the period when the science of thermionics is beginning to be of importance.  This text is divided into two parts. The first part discusses vacuum pumps, specifically examining the effect of space charge and residual gases on thermionic currents in high vacuum. This part also explains fundamental phenomena in electron tubes having tungsten cathodes and the use of high-power vacuum tubes. The second part of this text looks into the electron emission and adsorbed films, specifically studying the relation between contact potentials and electrochemical action and other related topics on electron emission.  This publication will be invaluable to those interested in the works of Langmuir, particularly on thermionic phenomena.

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The Commonwealth and International Library: Mechanical Engineering Division

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Engineering Drawing from the Beginning, Volume 2 discusses the methods for communicating technical engineering concepts through illustrations and drawings. This volume covers the more advance techniques in engineering drawing.     The coverage of the text includes the helix, which is the path traced by a point moving uniformly around the surface of a right cylinder that is moving axially. The book also covers drawings of solid objects such as prisms, pyramids, and cones, along with hollow objects made from sheet material. In Chapter 5, the text presents the conventional representations of common features. The sixth chapter deals with all forms of fastenings, while the seventh chapter talks about metrication in the drawing office. The last chapter details the working drawings of assemblies and parts taken from those assemblies.  The text will be most useful to students and professional engineers, as both learning material and reference source.