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Modelling and Control of Biotechnical Processes

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Proceedings of the First IFAC Workshop, Helsinki, Finland, August 17-19, 1982

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Modeling and Control of Biotechnical Processes covers the proceedings of the First International Federation of Automatic Control Workshop by the same title, held in Helsinki, Finland on August 17-19, 1982.  This book is organized into seven sections encompassing 37 chapters. The opening section deals with the measurement techniques in fermentation processes and the use of automated analyzers to control microbial processes. The next sections consider the concepts of bioreactor modeling and related problems, as well as the modeling and control of biological wastewater treatment processes. Other sections discuss the economic and static optimization, the computer control of production processes, and the application of estimation and identification methods to biotechnological processes. The final sections explore the principles of real-time analysis, use of computer control in specific biotechnical production, process control design, and the modeling of adaptive control.  This book is of great value to biotechnologists, biochemists, and control engineers.

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Aspects of Developmental and Comparative Immunology

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Proceedings of the 1st Congress of Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 27 July - 1 August 1980, Aberdeen

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Aspects of Developmental and Comparative Immunology contains the proceedings of the 1st Congress of Developmental and Comparative Immunology, held from July 27 to August 1, 1980 in Aberdeen, Scotland. The papers explore various aspects of developmental and comparative immunology and cover topics ranging from the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and membrane immunoglobulins to idiotypes and diversity, comparative ontogeny, and evolution of lymphoid organ function.  Comprised of 105 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of how the host immune system utilizes polymorphic MHC antigens as the principal tool for pseudo-self versus true self distinction. The reader is then introduced to the immunology of earthworms, membrane immunoglobulins, idiotypes, and diversity. Subsequent chapters focus on the evolution of lymphoid organs in vertebrates; differentiation clocks in comparative immunology of mammals and birds; immunorecognition in invertebrates such as insects and gastropods; and the phylogeny of leucocytes in vertebrates and invertebrates. The remaining sections deal with stem cells, immune responses of gut-associated lymphoepithelial tissue, and the ontogeny of resistance to infection as well as the ontogeny of killer cells. Finally, the immunology of fish, amphibians, reptiles, chickens, and mammals is examined.  This monograph will be of interest to immunobiologists.

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Proceedings of the 28th International Congress of Physiological Sciences, Budapest, 1980

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Advances in Physiological Sciences, Volume 16: Sensory Functions contains the proceedings of the symposia of the 28th International Congress of Physiology, held in Budapest in July 1980.  The book presents scientific papers discussing a wide range of topics on sensory functions. The topics discussed include somato-sensory thalamic unit activities recorded in chronic awake animals; neuropharmacology of spinal cord reaction to noxious inputs; pain and thermoreception; and neural mechanisms for binocular depth discrimination.  Physiologists, pathologists, biologists, physicians, and researchers will find the book invaluable.

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Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Developments in Specialty Steels and Hard Materials (Materials Development '82) Held in Pretoria, South Africa, 8-12 November 1982

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Specialty Steels and Hard Materials covers the proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Developments in Specialty Steels and Hard Materials (Materials Development '82). The main focus of the materials in the selection is on the microstructural detail, alloy design, processing technology, applications, and economic viability.  The first part of the title presents the invited papers in the conference; this part includes topics such as toughness in high speed steels and hard metals; the use of vanadium in low alloy structural steels; and design of strong, ductile, duplex low alloy steels. The second part of the text covers topics about high strength low alloy steels, stainless steels, and rapid solidification processing. The last part of selection deals with tungsten carbide-cobalt hard metals, non-oxide ceramics, and sintered polycrystalline ultra-hard materials.  The book will be of great interest to students, researchers, and practitioners of materials engineering and metallurgy.

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Introduction to Crop Husbandry, Fifth Edition presents major revisions, discussing more updated information on the science and practice of crop husbandry, including grassland, compared with those topics presented in the previous edition.  This book aims to cater the need of students for a reference material that presents practical, simplified, and easily understandable studies on the subject. Specifically, this text discusses growth and development of plants, drainage and irrigation, types and management of soils, modern practices of growing and harvesting crops, and management of grassland. This introductory book also includes topics on conservation; usual life cycles of common pests and illnesses; and the developments in the use of chemicals as fertilizers and in the control of weeds, pests, and diseases.  This text will be very invaluable to students of agriculture, crop husbandry, and related fields.

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Managerial Decision Making with Technology

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Managerial Decision Making with Technology: 45 Highlights of the Literature presents several case studies on the extent of the impact of technology on management activities. This work provides discussions, arguments, and debates on some issues concerning business management, technology, decision making, and automation. These issues include the defining of technology and management work, improving managerial productivity, redefining the decision-making process, decision support systems, artificial intelligence, reshaping managements ranks, changing the nature of competition, and managing technology-based change.  This book will be of value to academicians and management practitioners.

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Regulatory Functions of the CNS Subsystems

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Proceedings of the 28th International Congress of Physiological Sciences, Budapest, 1980

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Advances in Physiological Sciences, Volume 2: Regulatory Functions of the CNS Subsystems covers the proceedings of the 28th International Congress of Physiological Sciences, held in Budapest in 1980.  This volume is divided into five parts. Before this book presents the five major themes, it first discusses the synaptic plasticity in the red nucleus and the functional units of cerebellum. Then, this text concentrates on explaining the central nervous systems ontogenic development and differentiation. The modular organization principles in the system, as well as the perspectives in cerebellar physiology and striatal mechanisms, are then looked into. This volume concludes by explaining neuronal mechanisms of subcortical sensory processing.  This book will be valuable to those studying the central nervous system, specifically the functions of its subsystems.

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J. Szentágothai, J. Hámori, M. Palkovits

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Nuclear Fission and Neutron-Induced Fission Cross-Sections

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A Nuclear Energy Agency Nuclear Data Committee (OECD) Series: Neutron Physics and Nuclear Data in Science and Technology

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Nuclear Fission and Neutron-Induced Fission Cross-Sections is the first volume in a series on Neutron Physics and Nuclear Data in Science and Technology.  This volume serves the purpose of providing a thorough description of the many facets of neutron physics in different fields of nuclear applications. This book also attempts to bridge the communication gap between experts involved in the experimental and theoretical studies of nuclear properties and those involved in the technological applications of nuclear data.  This publication will be invaluable to those interested in studying nuclear fission and neutron-induced fission cross-sections, as well as other relevant concepts.

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G. D. James, J. E. Lynn, A. Michaudon, S. W. Cierjacks, R. E. Chrien

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Mathematical and Computational Methods in Physiology

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Satellite Symposium of the 28th International Congress of Physiological Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, 1980

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Mathematical and Computational Methods in Physiology discusses the importance of quantitative description of physiological phenomena and for quantitative comparison of experimental data. An article explains the homeostasis of the body with a focus on the controlling aspects. This section evaluates the concepts of modern physiology and biocybernetics.   The canal-ocular reflex and the otolith-ocular reflex in man stimulates eye rotations compensatory for head angular and linear displacements. The book enumerates some modelling and simulation to observe the visual-vestibular interaction during angular and linear body acceleration. A section on the determination of cardiovascular control is given. The text reviews the mathematical models of the biological age of the rat. A numerical simulation of water transport in epithelial junctions is explained comprehensively. A chapter analyzing the computer simulation of drug-receptor interaction is presented.   The book will provide useful information to zoologists, doctors, ophthalmologists, students and researchers in the field of medicine.

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Systems Research in Health Care, Biocybernetics and Ecology

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Proceedings of the International Congress on Applied Systems Research and Cybernetics

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Applied Systems and Cybernetics, Volume IV: Systems Research in Health Care, Biocybernetics and Ecology documents the proceedings of the International Congress on Applied Systems Research and Cybernetics. This volume compiles papers that present several concepts of health care and reflect thinking in this field.  This book introduces various health care systems and models, and then tackles some issues on managing the long-term health care facility. A special information system for public health is also described in this volume.  This text will be invaluable to those interested in systems research and its applications to a variety of fields, including health care.

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Analysis, Design and Evaluation of Man  Machine Systems

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Proceedings of the IFAC/IFIP/IFORS/IEA Conference, Baden-Baden, Federal Republic of Germany, 27-29 September 1982

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Analysis, Design, & Evaluation of Man-Machine Systems presents an examination of the construction and application of a combined network and production systems model. It discusses the computer simulation and experimental results of a fuzzy model of driver behavior. It addresses the ergonomic aspects of working places in control rooms.  Some of the topics covered in the book are the control and supervision of the eurelios solar power plant; computer aided control station with coloured display for production control; dynamic and static models for nuclear reactor operators; ironies of automation; and theory and validation of model of the human observer and decision maker. The operation simulation for the evaluation and improvement of a medical information system are fully covered. An in-depth account of an online information retrieval through natural language is provided. The control of input variables by head movements of handicapped persons is completely presented. A chapter is devoted to a graphical hardware description language for logic simulation programs. Another section focuses on the symbiotic, knowledge-based computer support systems.  The book can provide useful information to computer programmers, engineers, students, and researchers.

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The Development Potential of Precambrian Mineral Deposits

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Natural Resources and Energy Division, U.N. Department of Technical Co-Operation for Development

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The Development Potential of Precambrian Mineral Deposits covers several aspects of Precambrian mineral resource potential and assessment towards mineral exploration and mineral reserves.   This book contains 27 chapters and begins with an overview of the world production and consumption of certain minerals. The next chapters describe the physical and chemical characteristics of certain mineral ores, as well as the mineral content of certain rock assemblages. These topics are followed by discussions of the geographical distribution of some ores, including discovered metal bearing zones in Africa. Considerable chapters are devoted to exploration techniques in tropical, temperate, and sub-arctic Precambrian areas. The remaining chapters examine the action of metamorphic and other geological processes in mobilizing ore minerals.  The book will prove useful to geologists, researchers, and geology students.

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Factors Influencing Adrenergic Mechanisms in the Heart

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Satellite Symposium of the 28th International Congress of Physiological Science, Visegra, Hungary, 1980

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Advances in Physiological Sciences, Volume 27: Factors Influencing Adrenergic Mechanisms in the Heart is a collection of papers presented at the 1980 satellite symposium of the 28th International Congress of Physiological Science, held in Visegrad, Hungary. This symposium covered the achievements that modify the traditional views of adrenergic regulation of cardiac muscle and coronary blood vessels.

This volume is composed 18 chapters and begins with a discussion of the effect of adrenaline on some aspects of electrical and mechanical activity in the frog heart. The subsequent chapters describe the heart rate changes in neurogenic hypertension, the developmental changes of the catecholamine-induced chronotropic responses related to the blood pressure responses, and the inverse reciprocal regulation of cardiac post-synaptic a- and b-adreneceptors by thyroid hormones. Other chapters deal with the mechanism of adenosine-induced inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission in the ventricular myocardium; the comparative morphological studies of localized exogenous adenosine in heart muscle; adenosine sensitivity of canine coronaries; and the significance of nickel ion in the coronary vascular tone regulation. These chapters are followed by discussions of the physiological and pathological effects of beta modulator release and the histological study of experimental diabetic angiopathy. The last chapters examine some aspects of myocardial noradrenaline metabolism in the ischemic heart and the activity of alpha-adrenoceptor without employing beta blocking agents.

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Proceedings of the 28th International Congress of Physiological Sciences, Budapest, 1980

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Advances in Physiological Sciences, Volume 18: Environmental Physiology covers the physiological mechanisms in living organisms. This book discusses the circadian system properties and the control of secretion in reptilian salt glands.  This book deals first with the central neural substrates for osmoregulation in the mammal; properties of the body fluids affecting basal salt gland secretion and urine formation in birds; properties of sleep-promoting factor S derived from human urine; and interrelation between sleep and temperature regulation. Other chapters present an introduction to hormonal and pharmacological aspects in exercise physiology, as well as the physiological responses during sustained isomeric contractions. These topics are followed by a discussion on the mechanism of exercise, nutrition, and growth. The last chapters are devoted to the oxytocin influences on the central nervous system of healthy young men. These chapters also describe drug metabolism in athletes.  The book can provide useful information to veterinarians, scientists, students, and researchers.

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Pergamon International Library of Science, Technology, Engineering and Social Studies

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The Germination of Seeds, Third Edition contains the same content in the previous edition, but with modifications in each section, containing updated information. As the first two editions, this edition attempts to treat critically the available information on seed germination and to assimilate this information.  This text first discusses the structure and chemical composition of seeds. This book then explains germination and related concepts, such as factors affecting this process, inhibition and stimulation, and seed metabolism. This selection concludes by explaining the ecology of germination.  This publication will be invaluable to those in the field of agriculture, as well as students and layperson interested in seed germination.

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Proceedings of the Conference, Held in Inverness, Scotland, 22-24 September 1980

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Energy for Rural and Island Communities covers the proceedings of the conference held in Inverness, Scotland on September 22-24, 1980, which aims to gather several professionals concerned with energy supplies for island and rural communities in the 1980s.  The papers in this collection are divided into six themes. The first three major topics the papers tackle are the strategy and action in providing energy resource to rural and island communities; the community energy use and generation; and the renewable energy supplies. Other papers discuss several energy sources such as wind, water, and solar. The last part is devoted to presenting papers on development and planning in relation to energy consumption of island and rural communities.  This compendium will be invaluable to government and private sectors, educational institutions, and others interested in studying the energy resource, consumption, and generation for island and rural populations.

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National Energy Plans in the AsiaPacific Region

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Proceedings of Workshop III of the AsiaPacific Energy Studies Consultative Group (APESC)

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National Energy Plans in the Asia-Pacific Region is a collection of papers presented at Workshop III of the Asia-Pacific Energy Studies Consultative Group, held in Honolulu, Hawaii, at the East-West Center, from 25-28 February 1980.  The collection presents a framework for energy policies in the Asia-Pacific Region; energy policies of the United States, oil-exporting countries, industrial oil-importing countries, and countries importing more than and less than 50% of their oil requirements; and the role of international institutions in energy research.  International energy policy makers and researchers will find the book invaluable.

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Hydrocarbon Potential and Possibilities of Joint Development

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The South China Sea: Hydrocarbon Potential and Possibilities of Joint Development presents the proceedings of the EAPI/CCOP Workshop East-West Center held in Honolulu, Hawaii on August 5-12, 1980. The book contains papers on the geology and offshore hydrocarbon potential in the Philippines, Thailand, and Indonesia; and on the need for certain basic prerequisites for initiating and maintaining rational and orderly oil and gas exploration and development programs. The text also presents papers on the establishment of effective production-sharing type tax regimes for petroleum; on the implications of the Southeast Asian contractual framework; and on a general approach to the planning and management of environmental aspects related to offshore oil and gas prospecting, drilling, development and production. The precedents of the joint development of hydrocarbons in areas of overlapping boundary claims, with examples from the North Sea, the Persian Gulf, the Korea-Japan continental shelf and the Thai-Malaysian continental shelf, are also considered.

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Psychological Research in the Classroom: Issues for Educators and Researchers is a collection of papers the tackles various psychological concerns in the context of education. The articles in the title emphasize the role of psychological research in improving the overall quality of education.  The first part of the text covers issues, such as the gap between teachers and researchers and the applicability of research findings. In the second part, the selection details the capability of psychological research in addressing educational issues. Next, the title talks about educational practitioners research needs and their role in research. The last part discusses the prospect for research in the classroom.  The book will be of great use to educators and psychologists.

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The Constant Catastrophe: Malnutrition, Famines, and Drought deals with the 1972 drought, and emphasizes the underlying social conditions that are related to its effects. The book examines the relationship of drought as a meteorological event and the famine that results as a social event. The effects of natural catastrophes become transformed by social structures and political processes in many countries of the world, more than which can be attributable to the physical cause itself. A striking parallelism that emerges in the study is that climatological analysis implies reference to large scale space and time processes. Famine also occurs as anomalies within large-scale processes in societyfamine changes nutritional levels in communities. The text proposes a theoretical framework for a methodologically-adequate diagnostic tool that can be used in studying the "factual events" in previous cases of major disasters due to climactic factors. Case studies include those that happened in the Sahel, Ethiopia, India, China, the United Kingdom, and Brazil. Among several recommendations, one which the book proposes in the management of the effects of drought, is to adopt an approach similar to that of the Red Cross. The book is suitable for economists, environmentalists, ecologists, and policy makers involved in crisis management, food production, and rural development.