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Ultrastructural Pathology of the Cell and Matrix

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A Text and Atlas of Physiological and Pathological Alterations in the Fine Structure of Cellular and Extracellular Components

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Ultrastructural Pathology of the Cell and Matrix: Third Edition Volume 2 presents a comprehensive examination of the intracellular lesion. It discusses the analysis of pathological tissues using electron microscope. It addresses the experimental procedures made on the cellular level.  Some of the topics covered in the book are the structure, distribution, and variations of rod-shaped microtubulated bodies; morphology of intracytoplasmic filaments; melanosome-producing and melanosome-containing cells in tumours; myofilaments in striated muscle; and pathological variations in size, shape, and numbers of microbodies. The intracytoplasmic and intranuclear annulate lamellae are fully covered. An in-depth account of the classification, history, and nomenclature of lysosomes are provided. The morphology and normal variations of melanosomes and anchoring fibrils are completely presented. A chapter is devoted to the endocytotic structures and cell processes. Another section focuses on the classification and nomenclature of fibrous components.   The book can provide useful information to cytologists, pathologists, students, and researchers.

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The Actions and Uses of Ophthalmic Drugs

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The Actions and Uses of Ophthalmic Drugs, Third Edition discuses the application and discrimination in the use of ophthalmic drugs. The book reviews the general pharmacological principles including drug nomenclature, pharmacological classification, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and the use of these drugs. Ophthalmic drugs (cycloplegics, mydriatics, miotics) directly or indirectly, stimulate or inhibit a part of the autonomic nervous system connected to the intra-ocular muscles. The text investigates in detail the structure and function of this involuntary nervous system in the orbital region as it is affected by these drugs.   The book explains the different drug classifications, their therapeutic and diagnostic purposes, including the ideal properties, indications, contra-indications, mode of action, or adverse effects of cycloplegics, of mydriatics, and of miotics. The book also describes the uses and characteristics of local anesthetics, stains, anti-infective agents, and miscellaneous agents (antihistamines, vasoconstrictors). The text explains the different types of contact lens solutions, application of ocular first aid, as well as, the possible adverse ocular reactions that can occur during ophthalmic drug therapy.   This book is suitable for optometrists, pharmacists, pharmacologists, students and professors related to the discipline of optometry and general medicine.

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P. H. O'Connor Davies, G. A. Hopkins, R. M. Pearson

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Irreducible Tensor Methods: An Introduction for Chemists explains the theory and application of irreducible tensor operators. The book discusses a compact formalism to describe the effect that results on an arbitrary function of a given set of coordinates when that set is subjected to a rotation about its origin. The text also explains the concept of irreducible tensor operators, particularly, as regards the transformation properties of operators under coordinate transformations, and, in a special way, the group of rotations. The book examines the systematic construction of compound tensor operators from simple operators to classify the behavior of any operator under coordinate rotations. This classification is a significant component of the irreducible tensor method. The text explains the use of the 6-j and 9-j symbols to complete theoretical concepts that are applied in irreducible tensor methods dealing with problems of atomic and molecular physics. The book describes the matrix elements in multielectron systems, as well as the reduced matrix elements found in these systems. The book is suitable for nuclear physicists, molecular physicists, scientists, and academicians in the field of quantum mechanics or advanced chemistry.

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Chemistry for Toxicity Testing presents the chemical requirements for external toxicity studies. This book is organized into four parts encompassing 18 chapters that discuss the basic chemistry considerations for toxicity testing program. It also describes the structure-activity prediction of the carcinogenicity of chemicals and the development of methods for mixing chemicals in rodent feed.  Some of the topics covered in the book are the formulations of insoluble and immiscible test agents in liquid medium for toxicity testing; problems of testing commercial-grade chemicals; analysis of dosed feed samples; determination of chemical and vehicle mixtures stability; and the toxicity of inhaled chemicals. Other parts explore the methods for generation of test atmosphere and the monitoring of vapor concentration in test atmosphere. An evaluation of dosage analysis data from a problem-solving point of view is provided. The discussion then shifts to the effects of good laboratory practices on chemistry requirements for toxicity testing. The final part is devoted to the monitoring of aerosol chemicals inhalation in chambers.   The book can provide useful information to chemists, toxicologists, students, and researchers.

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Diatomic Interaction Potential Theory, Volume 2: Applications discusses the variety of applicable theoretical material and approaches in the calculations for diatomic systems in their ground states.  The volume covers the descriptions and illustrations of modern calculations. Chapter I discusses the calculation of the interaction potential for large and small values of the internuclear distance R (separated and united atom limits). Chapter II covers the methods used for intermediate values of R, which in principle means any values of R. The Hartree-Fock and configuration interaction schemes described here have been the most used of all the methods. Semiempirical theories and methods constitute the subject of the last chapter.  The book will be of value to physicists and students of physics.

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Proceedings of Previous Easter Schools in Agricultural Science

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Manipulation of Flowering presents the edited proceedings of the 45th University of Nottingham Easter School in Agricultural Science held at Sutton Bonington in England on April 7-10, 1986.  This book is organized into eight sections. The first main section examines the measurement and prediction of flowering and analyzes how best to measure flowering when the aim is either to assist physiological interpretations or construct predictive models. The following sections explore juvenility, the nature of determination in meristems, vernalization, photoperiodic induction and flower evocation, and initiation and development to anthesis. Each of the main sections provides an analysis of the flowering problems and a critical view of how to achieve a better understanding and use of the physiology of flowering.   This book will be of interest to crop researchers, plant physiologists, geneticists, and others interested in understanding flowering manipulation.

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Methods of Experimental Physics, Volume 3, Part B: Molecular Physics, Second Edition presents the basic principles of electron spin resonance spectrometers and the electron spin resonance spectroscopy. This four-chapter text addresses the concept of thermal equilibrium and relaxation.   Some of the topics covered in the book are the features of nuclear quadrupole resonance spectrometers; basic principles of radio-frequency spectrometers; computer methods in magnetic resonance; components of electron spin resonance spectrometer systems; and the resonance condition. Other chapters deal with the ionization potential of free radicals, the electron affinities by mass spectrometric methods, and the experimental methods for determining appearance potentials. The discussion then shifts to the theory of the incoherent neutron scattering and its application to molecular dynamics. The final chapter is devoted to the spectrometer operation and design.   The book can provide useful information to chemists, physicists, students, and researchers.

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International Review of Connective Tissue Research

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International Review of Connective Tissue Research, Volume 5 presents a detailed review of the end products of collagen metabolism, which is important in understanding certain diseases involving the connective tissues. This book discusses the progress in collagen research.  Organized into four chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the metabolism of proline and hydroxyproline that are derived from studies using microorganisms. This text then examines the increasing interest in the more complex tissues and elucidates the marked differences one may expect to find in such tissues. Other chapters consider the process of calcification and the various conflicting theories. This book discusses as well the influence of the impurities, such as fluoride and carbonate, on the nature and formation of biological apatite. The final chapter deals with the contrast between the dynamic state of connective tissue cells and the inert aspect of the intercellular substances.  This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, physicians, and surgeons.

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The Scattering of Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation

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Physical Chemistry: A Series of Monographs

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The Scattering of Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation discusses the theory of electromagnetic scattering and describes some practical applications. The book reviews electromagnetic waves, optics, the interrelationships of main physical quantities and the physical concepts of optics, including Maxwell's equations, polarization, geometrical optics, interference, and diffraction. The text explains the Rayleigh2 theory of scattering by small dielectric spheres, the Bessel functions, and the Legendre functions. The author also explains how the scattering functions for a homogenous sphere change depending on different physical parameters such as the optical size, the complex refractive index, and the angle of observation. The author addresses the assignment of a complex dielectric constant and a corresponding refractive index to plasma when an alternating electrical field is applied that will make the plasma exhibit conductivity and polarization. In a liquid, the author points out that the intensity of scattering is one or two orders of magnitude less than that found in a gaseous system; he explains that the molecules are no longer acting as incoherent nor as randomly located scatterers. This book can be useful for physicists, chemists, biochemists, and engineers whose work includes research utilizing light scattering in the study of certain gases, pure liquids, molecular solutions, macromolecules, polymers, and glass.

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Further Developments in Operational Research

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Frontiers of Operational Research and Applied Systems Analysis

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Further Developments in Operational Research is a collection of articles on fields such as behavioral science, corporate planning, and artificial intelligence. Subjects in forecasting, risk analysis, and network analysis are likewise reviewed. The book discusses statistical forecasting in detail. Graphs, networks, and uses of such networks are provided. A chapter of the book covers the creation and implementation of expert systems.  Risk engineering is an integrated approach to all aspects of risk analysis. It identifies and quantifies uncertainty and advances methods in order to modify associated risks through effective and efficient decisions. A review of the models used in forecasting is then provided. This section includes concepts such as hypergraphs, network flows, and tools of graph theory. The historical background and developments in artificial intelligence are also featured  in the book. Statistical forecasting is presented completely.  The book can serve as a useful tool for programmers, forecasters, statisticians, psychologists, students, and researchers.

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International Review of Connective Tissue Research

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International Review of Connective Tissue Research is a compilation of scientific research mainly focuses on developments in special tissues. A detailed discussion of the lung and liver is included. Another topic of interest is the liver fibrosis development induced by parasitic infection or alcohol. The periodontal ligament is specialized tissue whose basic role is tooth support. This tissue is covered in detail.   A section of the book provides an analysis of the elastin gene expression and regulation. Topics such as the microfibrillar components of connective tissue, the regulation of collagen genes, the complexity and the evolution of the collagen molecule, the invasiveness of malignant tumors, and the characteristics of fibroblast are fully explained. The text presents an exhaustive description of the connective tissue of the lung. This chapter includes a comprehensive description of the pulmonary system.   The book will provide useful information to doctors, students, researchers and specialists in the field of human anatomy.

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Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Fetal and Neonatal Physiological Measurements

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Fetal Physiological Measurements provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of fetal and neonatal physiological measurements. This book discusses the accuracy of ultrasound autocorrelation method.  Organized into seven parts encompassing 45 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the various factors that cause fetal heart sounds to differ from those after birth. This text then examines the importance of phonocardiography in monitoring the fetal cardiovascular system. Other chapters consider the significant relationship between the fetal heart rate patterns and uterine activity, wherein each uterine contraction represents a stress for the fetus. This book discusses as well the assessment of fetal motor activity in utero, which became feasible after the introduction of real-time ultrasound into obstetrics. The final chapter deals with the primary causes of neurological morbidity and mortality related to determinable events in the neonatal period.  This book is a valuable resource for obstetricians, pediatricians, physiologists, and biomedical engineers.

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Immunodermatology presents a comprehensive examination of the proceedings that resulted from the International Immunodermatology Symposium which happened in London. It discusses the relationship of immuno-histochemical study to skin disease. It addresses the function and recognition of lymphocytes.  Some of the topics covered in the book are the immunological observations in 12 cases of Kaposis herpetic eruption; anti-inflammatory effects of adrenoceptor agonists in patients with atopic eczema; a study of the sensitivity and specificity of cutaneous vascular immunofluorescence; and functional activity of granulocytes from patients with neutrophilic dermatoses. The mechanisms of cutaneous lupus erythematosus are fully covered. An in-depth account of the cytochemical and immunological findings in cutaneous multilobated cell lymphoma are provided. The immunohistological analysis of dermal leprous granulomas is completely presented. A chapter is devoted to the study of human epidermal cell differentiation using monoclonal antibodies. Another section focuses on the prognostic significance of melanoma-associated antigens in primary and metastatic melanomas.   The book can provide useful information to doctors, dermatologists, students, and researchers.

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International Review of Connective Tissue Research

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International Review of Connective Tissue Research, Volume 8, provides an overview of the state of knowledge in connective tissue research. The details of the structure of collagen and its biosynthesis are now well established, and attention has focused on the finer details of the biochemical mechanisms involved. The knowledge achieved so far is also being applied to studies of various physiological, developmental, and pathological mechanisms involving the connective tissues. These trends are reflected in the subject covered by this volume.  The enzymes involved in the posttranslation modifications of collagen are being intensively investigated. The book deals with three of these: lysyl oxidase, the enzyme involved in the first stage of cross-link formation; and the two glycosyl transferases involved in the glycosylation of hydroxylysome residues. New collagen types are reviewed together with recent work on collagen messenger RNA. Both of these topics are important to the understanding of the control of collagen biosynthesis. The involvement of connective tissues in physiological and pathological processes is discussed in three areas. These are interaction of collagen with platelets in hemostasis; the biosynthesis of connective tissue components by smooth muscle cells; and biochemical research on the intervertebral disc, the disease of which is behind the majority of back pain problems.

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Orthopaedic Disorders in General Practice

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Orthopaedic Disorders in General Practice present an extensive examination of the framework for orthopaedic consultations. It discusses the fundamental principles of patient management. It addresses the deformity and alteration of body structure.  Some of the topics covered in the book are the formal and informal examination of patients; general principles of orthopaedic analysis; signs of tension in spinal nerve root; baseline neurological evaluation; methods of infants and juvenile examination; creating referral for orthopaedic consultation; and cases in which physiotherapy is not safe. The evaluation of open access physiotherapy is completely presented. A chapter is devoted to the diagnosis of low back pain, the neck, and thoracic spine. Another section focuses on the clinical examination of cervical rib syndrome, golfers elbow, and disorders of the shoulder. The examination of minor soft-tissue disorders in the upper limb is briefly covered.  The book can provide useful information to orthopaedics, doctors, students, and researchers.

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Laboratory Investigation of Endocrine Disorders

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Laboratory Investigation of Endocrine Disorders, Second Edition serves as a basic guide to the available endocrine laboratory tests. This book discusses the developments in the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of endocrine disorders.  Organized into 9 chapters, this edition begins with an overview of the control of thyroid hormone secretion. This text then explains the role of hypothalamus in the control of the activities of the functionally distinct anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary gland. Other chapters consider the disorders of calcium homeostasis and their investigation with specific reference to hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia. This book discusses as well the adrenal cortical function. The final chapter deals with the normal steady-state regulation of calcium, which includes diet, physiological mechanisms, and hormones.  This book is a valuable resource for laboratory-based scientists, both the medical and the non-medical. Senior clinical students and medical practitioners will also find this book useful.

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International Review of Connective Tissue Research

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International Review of Connective Tissue Research, Volume 7 focuses on the structural aspects of the connective tissues and their compounds. This book reviews the data concerning the primary structure of collagen and explores the physical features of elastin.  Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the amino acid sequence of collagen. This text then examines the relationship of the structure and function of elastic tissues and reviews the usefulness of immunological methods when applied to structural studies. Other chapters consider the substantial progress in the elucidation of the antigen determinants of the collagen molecule. This book discusses as well the immunological properties of collagen that may have considerable bearing on the causes of some connective tissue diseases. The final chapter deals with the extensive investigations into glycoproteins in various connective tissues of various species at various ages.  This book is a valuable resource for biochemists and physicians.

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Probability and Mathematical Statistics: A Series of Monographs and Textbooks

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Probability and Mathematical Statistics: A Series of Monographs and Textbooks: Random Polynomials focuses on a comprehensive treatment of random algebraic, orthogonal, and trigonometric polynomials.  The publication first offers information on the basic definitions and properties of random algebraic polynomials and random matrices. Discussions focus on Newton's formula for random algebraic polynomials, random characteristic polynomials, measurability of the zeros of a random algebraic polynomial, and random power series and random algebraic polynomials. The text then elaborates on the number and expected number of real zeros of random algebraic polynomials; number and expected number of real zeros of other random polynomials; and variance of the number of real zeros of random algebraic polynomials. Topics include the expected number of real zeros of random orthogonal polynomials and the number and expected number of real zeros of trigonometric polynomials.  The book takes a look at convergence and limit theorems for random polynomials and distribution of the zeros of random algebraic polynomials, including limit theorems for random algebraic polynomials and random companion matrices and distribution of the zeros of random algebraic polynomials.   The publication is a dependable reference for probabilists, statisticians, physicists, engineers, and economists.

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A. T. Bharucha-Reid, M. Sambandham, Z. W. Brinbaum, E. Lukacs

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Theoretical Foundations of Electron Spin Resonance

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Physical Chemistry: A Series of Monographs

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Theoretical Foundations of Electron Spin Resonance deals with the theoretical approach to electron paramagnetic resonance. The book discusses electron spin resonance in applications related to polyatomic, probably organic, free radicals in condensed phases. The book also focuses on essentially static phenomena, that is, the description and determination of stationary-state energy levels. The author reviews the Dirac theory of the electron in which a four-component wave function is responsible for the behavior of the electron. The author then connects this theory with the nonrelativistic wave function theory. The book also addresses the relationship between spin Hamiltonian parameters and observable energy levels, as well as the expressions for specific spin  Hamiltonian parameters concerning operators and wave functions. The book discusses wave- functions for open-shell systems; as well as how to extract values of spin Hamiltonian from information related to wave functions. The author then examines empirically adjusted parameters that can determine the wave function itself. This book can prove valuable for scientists involved with nuclear physics, molecular physics, and researchers in chemical physics.

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Aerosols and the Lung covers all aspects of aerosols and the lung, including the use of aerosol in clinical medicine. This volume was developed from the editors' longstanding interest in lung defenses coupled with the radioaerosol technique of assessing their efficiency.   This book is organized into 11 chapters. The coverage of these chapters include the physical properties of aerosol required to evaluate their inhalation into the lung, production of aerosol that is suitable for inhalation, determination of aerosol deposition in the lungs and the assessment of lung clearance. This book also highlights the importance of radioaerosols in estimating airway calibre, in detecting airway disease and in ventilation imaging.   This book will be of interest to medical students and professionals, particularly those dealing with studies of the human lungs and aerosols.