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Survey Talks from the National Conferences on Artificial Intelligence

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Exploring Artificial Intelligence: Survey Talks from the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence provides information pertinent to the distinct subareas of artificial intelligence research. This book discusses developments in machine learning techniques.  Organized into six parts encompassing 16 chapters, this book begins with an overview of intelligent tutoring systems, which describes how to guide a student to learn new concepts. This text then links closely with one of the concerns of intelligent tutoring systems, namely how to interact through the utilization of natural language. Other chapters consider the various aspects of natural language understanding and survey the huge body of work that tries to characterize heuristic search programs. This book discusses as well how computer programs can create plans to satisfy goals. The final chapter deals with computational facilities that support.  This book is a valuable resource for cognitive scientists, psychologists, domain experts, computer scientists, instructional designers, expert teachers, and research workers.

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Principles, Methods, and General Applications

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Analytical Methods for Pesticides, Plant Growth Regulators, and Food Additives, Vol. 1

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Analytical Methods for Pesticides, Plant Growth Regulators, and Food Additives, Volume 1:  Principles, Methods, and General Applications provides information on analytical techniques useful for the determination of pesticides, plant growth regulators, and food additives. The book discusses the potential hazard of minute residues to human and animal health; the principles of formulation and residue analyses; and the principles of food additive analysis. The text also describes the extraction and clean-up procedures; and the principles of toxicological testing methods. The methods for pesticide analysis in meat products; and the formulation and residue analysis in government laboratories are also considered. The book further tackles other methods, such as spectrophotometric methods, chromatography, isotope methods, enzymatic methods; and bioassay. Agricultural toxicologists and people studying pesticides and food additives will find the text invaluable.

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Psychological Development in the Elementary Year

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Psychological Development in the Elementary Years is the second in a series of reviews relating current theory and research on psychological development to educational practice. The book discusses the significance and change in psychological sex roles; peer relations; and the development and regulation of aggression in young children. The text also describes the acquisition of self-control; the developmental trends in the learning processes; and the foundations and direction of cognitive development. The theory and research on children's achievement; the family influences on language and cognitive development and the personal and social causation in the school context are also considered. The book further tackles the behavioral perspective of children with learning and behavior problems. Psychologists, psychiatrists, behavioral psychologists, and students taking related courses will find the book invaluable.

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Biology of Bryozoans covers some of the unusual and even unique systems and aspects of bryozoans. The book discusses the gametogenesis of bryozoans; the brooding patterns of bryozoans; and the structure and classification of gymnolaemate larvae. The text also describes the metamorphosis, ancestrulae, and coloniality in bryozoan life cycles; the ultrastructure, mineralogy, and development of bryozoan skeletons; and polymorphism in marine bryozoans. Bryozoan feeding and culture; experimental techniques and culture methods; and the problem of the funiculi and the communications are also considered. The book further tackles the aging process in bryozoans; the bryozoan nervous system; and taxes and tropisms of bryozoans. The text also looks into the life strategies of bryozoans; the population genetics of bryozoans; and the adaptive model for the evolution of the ectoproct life cycle. Zoologists, marine biologists, and students taking related courses will find the book invaluable.

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Ultracentrifugation of Macromolecules: Modern Topics covers the theoretical description of the problem of sedimentation equilibrium of polydisperse nonideal solutions. The book discusses the sedimentation equilibrium in polydisperse nonideal solutions and the size distribution analysis by ultracentrifugal methods. The text also describes the simultaneous sedimentation and equilibrium in beta-lactoglobulin B, chymotrypsinogen A, and lysozyme solutions; as well as the sedimentation analysis of a multiple myeloma ?G-globulin. People involved in physical biochemistry will find the book invaluable.

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Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Neoplastic Cells

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Bristol-Myers Cancer Symposia, Volume 9: Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Neoplastic Cells provides information on both basic scientific and clinical studies on the causes and implications of tumor cell resistance to common antineoplastic agents. The book describes the colon cancer as a model for resistance to antineoplastic drugs; mathematical modeling of drug resistance; and the mechanism of induced gene amplification in mammalian cells. The text also discusses the cellular concomitants of multidrug resistance; resistance to alkylating agents; and the phosphoprotein and protein kinase C changes in human multidrug-resistant cancer cells. Novel drugs that affect glutathione metabolism; the regulation of genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes in normal and preneoplastic tissues; and the relevance of glutathione S-transferases to anticancer drug resistance are also considered. The book further tackles the cellular resistance to cyclophosphamide; the preclinical and clinical experiences with drug combinations designed to inhibit DNA repair in resistant human tumor cells; and the modification of the cytotoxicity of DNA-directed chemotherapeutic agents by polyamine depletion. The text also demonstrates multidrug resistance and the circumvention of resistance. Oncologists, molecular biologists, biochemists, geneticists, and pharmacologists will find the book invaluable.

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The Molecular Basis of Biological Transport

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Proceedings of the Miami Winter Symposia, January 10-11, 1972, Organized by the Department of Biochemistry, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida

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Miami Winter Symposia, Volume 3: The Molecular Basis of Biological Transport covers the proceedings of the symposium held in Miami on January 10-11, 1972. The book discusses the life of Feodor Lynen and his lecture on carbon dioxide fixation; the biochemical significance of the anion transporting systems of mitochondria, especially that of amino acid systems; and the possible functional roles of transport through membrane junctions. The text also describes the role of chlorotetracycline as a fluorescent chelate probe for monitoring Ca++ and Mg++ binding to biological membranes; and the effects of carcinogens and steroid hormones on the structural apparatus involved in protein synthesis and export. The nature and regulation of hexose uptake by Escherichia coli; the role of bacterial phosphotransferase system in sugar transport; and energy coupling to lactose transport in Escherichia coli are also considered. The book further tackles citrate transport by Bacillus subtilis; leucine transport in Escherichia coli; and the transport mechanism in isolated bacterial cytoplasmic membrane vesicles. Biochemists, microbiologists, pharmacologists, physiologists, and people involved in enzyme and metabolic research will find the book invaluable.

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Abortion and Sterilization: Medical and Social Aspects investigates the medical and social aspects of abortion and sterilization. Its aim is to legitimate abortion and sterilization for the sake of those who need and seek the service. The best techniques are presented in the proper medical perspective. The social and political history, epidemiology, and public health aspects of abortion and sterilization are also discussed.   Comprised of 23 chapters, this book begins with a review of abortion legislation and practices in historical perspective amidst changing sociocultural contexts in diverse geographic areas. Liberalization trends are surveyed chronologically in terms of selected highlights demonstrating legislative progress and frustrations along with advances in abortion technology. A classified listing of abortion statutes and/or court decisions in 140 countries is given. Subsequent chapters deal with the epidemiology of induced abortion; abortions for teenagers; the link between abortion and mental health; and hysterotomy and hysterectomy as abortion techniques. Vasectomy as a family planning option is also examined.  This monograph is intended for students, teachers, clinicians, research workers, administrative and nursing personnel, and those with interest in reproductive control.

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Recombinant DNA Laboratory Manual is a laboratory manual on the fundamentals of recombinant DNA techniques such as gel electrophoresis, in vivo mutagenesis, restriction mapping, and DNA sequencing. Procedures that are useful for studying either prokaryotes or eukaryotes are discussed, and experiments are included to teach the fundamentals of recombinant DNA technology. Hands-on computer sessions are also included to teach students how to enter and manipulate sequence information.  Comprised of nine chapters, this book begins with an introduction to bacterial growth parameters, how to measure bacterial cell growth, and how to plot cell growth data. The discussion then turns to the isolation and analysis of chromosomal DNA in bacteria and Drosophila; plasmid DNA isolation and agarose gel analysis; and introduction of DNA into cells. Subsequent chapters deal with Tn5 mutagenesis of pBR329; DNA cloning in M13; DNA sequencing; and DNA gel blotting, probe preparation, hybridization, and hybrid detection. The book concludes with an analysis of lambda phage manipulations.    This manual is intended for advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students and should also be helpful to established investigators who are changing their research focus.

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Groundwater in the West covers the use, management, laws, and politics of groundwater in the West. The first chapter provides an overview of important groundwater management and policy issues. Each of the subsequent chapters presents a brief description of the water environment in each of the 19 states and the major groundwater regions in the state. These chapters provide a summary of ground water use and consumption by type of consumption, an examination of groundwater problems in the state, and a summary of groundwater law, administration, and regulations. The chapters conclude with a section summarizing groundwater politics (where appropriate) and an evaluation of future potential groundwater management problems. Hydrologists and people involved in groundwater use, control, and management will find the book invaluable.

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The Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, Volume II focuses on the improvements in artificial intelligence (AI) and its increasing applications, including programming languages, intelligent CAI systems, and the employment of AI in medicine, science, and education.   The book first elaborates on programming languages for AI research and applications-oriented AI research. Discussions cover scientific applications, teiresias, applications in chemistry, dependencies and assumptions, AI programming-language features, and LISP. The manuscript then examines applications-oriented AI research in medicine and education, including ICAI systems design, intelligent CAI systems, medical systems, and other applications of AI to education. The manuscript explores automatic programming, as well as the methods of program specification, basic approaches, and automatic programming systems.   The book is a valuable source of data for computer science experts and researchers interested in conducting further research in artificial intelligence.

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Museum, Archive, and Library Security provides an introduction to the security programs of museums and other park facilities. This book discusses the mechanism that provides for the protection of information, collections, equipment, personnel, and physical facilities of museums.  Organized into seven parts encompassing 30 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the security programs of the National Park Service. This text then examines the quality of security personnel and its proper training, as well as its most efficient utilization and allocation. Other chapters consider the standard instruction in how to implement new security procedures by staff members. This book discusses as well the significance of good security for the protection of fine arts of any nature. The final chapter deals with global concern on the prevention, protection, import, or export of cultural property.  This book is a valuable resource for security directors, archivists, curators, maintenance personnel, historic preservation specialists, and librarians.

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Theory of Scattering: Papers in Honor of Henry Eyring

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Theoretical Chemistry: Theory of Scattering: Papers in Honor of Henry Eyring, Volume 6, Part A covers the aspects of reactive and nonreactive scattering. The book discusses the applications of classical trajectory to reactive scattering and the accurate quantum calculations of reactive systems. The text also describes the fluctuations in chemically reacting systems, as well as the coupling of electronically adiabatic states in atomic and molecular collisions. Chemists, physicists, people involved in the study of the theory of scattering, and students taking related courses will find the book useful.

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Prehistoric Man and His Environments: A Case Study in the Ozark Highland offers a preliminary model for the paleoecology of the western Ozark Highland in Missouri for the last 35,000 years and an interpretation of how humans have adapted to and exploited the area for the 10,500 years they are known to have lived there. The model, a set of hypotheses that includes a putative explanatory framework for the observations made at Ozark, is based on more than a decade of interdisciplinary fieldwork.   Comprised of 14 chapters, this volume begins with a background on the interdisciplinary studies undertaken in the Pomme de Terre River Valley. The research has centered on the post-glacial deposits at the Rodgers Shelter and on five nearby spring bogs, each of which contained the bones of extinct mammals, pollen, and other material dating from late Pleistocene and early Holocene times. The archaeological investigations and subsequent analyses of these sites are discussed in detail. Sedimentary processes, changing subsistence patterns, material culture, and human burials at Rodgers Shelter are then analyzed. The final chapter describes the direction of research in the Ozark Highland, including plans to test aspects of the proposed model.  This book will be of interest to anthropologists, archaeologists, geographers, geologists, and botanists.

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Bioreactor Design Fundamentals presents the development in the bioreactor field. This book discusses the applications of biological kinetics and thermodynamics.  Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of the design of biological reactors that involves determining operating conditions, sizing the reactor, controlling temperature and sterility, and controlling operating variables. This text then examines the significance of pH considerations in biological reactor and process design. Other chapters consider enzyme kinetics and the equations most commonly used as models for overall enzyme kinetics. This book discusses as well the mass transfer rates in bioreactors, which are significant because of their effects on some chemical reaction rates in transformations by enzymes or by living cells. The final chapter deals with the ideal state of the continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTRs).  This book is a valuable resource for biochemical engineers and industrial microbiologists.

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Separation Methods in Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry

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Separation Methods in Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry aims to provide perspectives for the commonly used separations methods and to discuss indications for their use. The book discusses the determination of molecular properties useful in separation based on micro test methods, paper chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and electrophoresis. The text then describes the theoretical principles of group-separation procedures, liquid-liquid partition, ion-exchange selectivity, gel permeation, and adsorption. Methods of influencing the selectivity coefficients, the basic theory of fractionation methods, and the principles of application are also encompassed. Biochemists and chemists will find the book useful.

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Studies in American Historical Demography

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Studies in American Historical Demography is a collection of the best studies in American historical demography. The book discusses some methodological and conceptual considerations in the trends in American historical demography; the demographic history of colonial New England; and the marital migration in Essex County, Massachusetts, in the colonial and early federal periods. The text also describes the historical trends in parental power and marriage patterns in Hingham, Massachusetts; the use of demographic data that are, or may be, retrieved from colonial New England gravestones; and the mortality rates and trends in Massachusetts, Massachusetts. The estimates of the vital rates of the United States black population during the 19th century; the two-parent household; as well as the differential fertility in Madison County, New York, 1865 are also considered. The book further tackles the socioeconomic determinants of interstate fertility differentials in the United States in 1850 and 1860; cohorts of native born Massachusetts women, 1830-1920; and the demographic change and the life cycle of American families. Historians, demographers, anthropologists, economists, and sociologists will find the book invaluable.

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Studies in Neurolinguistics, Volume 4 covers researches on language phenomena. The book discusses the evolution of human communication systems; the neural control of eye movements in acquired and developmental reading disorders; and the structure in a manual communication system developed without a conventional language model. The text also describes aphasic dissolution and language acquisition; VOT distinctions in infants; and disruption of written language in aphasia. The linguistic aspects of lexical retrieval disturbances in the posterior fluent aphasias; the neurologic correlates of anomia; and linguistic perseveration are also encompassed. Neuropsychologists and people involved in the study of neurolinguistics will find the book invaluable.

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Sources and Methods of Historical Demography

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Sources and Methods of Historical Demography covers the fundamental sources, methods, and approaches to explanatory modeling for describing, analyzing, and understanding demographic features of past societies. The book discusses the intellectual ancestry of historical demographic research, beginning in the 17th century; as well as the logic of basic techniques for reconstructing and analyzing information from fundamental source materials. The text also describes the full range of disciplines that have made major contributions to historical demography, and examples of empirical research. The book concludes by arguing the case for conducting historical demographic research with a broad, interdisciplinary ideal in mind. Historians and sociologists will find the book invaluable.

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J. Dennis Willigan, Katherine A. Lynch, Charles Tilly, Edward Shorter

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Ion Implantation and Beam Processing covers the scientific and technological advances in the fields of ion implantation and beam processing. The book discusses the amorphization and crystallization of semiconductors; the application of the Boltzmann transport equation to ion implantation in semiconductors and multilayer targets; and the high energy density collision cascades and spike effects. The text also describes the implantation of insulators (ices and lithographic materials); the ion-bombardment-induced compositions changes in alloys and compounds; and the fundamentals and applications of ion beam and laser mixing. The high-dose implantation and the trends of ion implantation in silicon technology are also considered. The book further tackles the implantation in gaAs technology and the contacts and interconnections on semiconductors. Engineers and people involved in microelectronics will find the book invaluable.