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The Quaternary of Israel presents the ensuing synthesis of the development of Israel during the Quaternary, with its implication with human life and paleoenvironments. This book discusses Israel as the key area for the connection of the African and European Quaternary sequences, which bear prime significance for the problems of human evolution, settlement, and migration.  Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the environments, the pre-Quaternary geology, and the structural evolution of the region. This text then examines the sedimentary sequence and erosional processes that influenced Israel during the Quaternary. Other chapters consider the pollen spectra of Israel as representative of vegetation, climatic conditions, and processes of transport and deposition. This book discusses as well the major descriptive reports to anthropological material uncovered in Israel and explores the significance of these discoveries. The final chapter deals with the paleoclimatic, paleogeographic, and environmental development of Israel in connection with human settlement.  This book is a valuable resource for anthropologists and geologists.

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Leonardo Da Vinci's Elements of the Science of Man

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Leonardo Da Vincis Elements of the Science of Man describes how Da Vinci integrates his mechanical observations and experiments in mechanics into underlying principles. This book is composed of 17 chapters that highlight the principles underlying Da Vincis research in anatomical studies. Considerable chapters deal with Leonardos scientific methods and the mathematics of his pyramidal law, as well as his observations on the human and animal movements. Other chapters describe the artists anatomical approach to the mechanism of the human body, specifically the physiology of vision, voice, music, senses, soul, and the nervous system. The remaining chapters examine the mechanism of the bones, joints, respiration, heart, digestion, and urinary and reproductive systems.

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Water Relations in Membrane Transport in Plants and Animals

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Water Relations in Membrane Transport in Plants and Animals contains the presentations in a symposium dealing with Water Relations in Membranes in Plants and Animals, during the 27th Annual Fall Meeting of the American Physiological Society held at The University of Pennsylvania, 17-19 August 1976. The purpose of the symposium was to explore the common modes of water regulation in plants and animals.   In these proceedings, the mechanisms employed to restrict water flow across plant and metazoan animal cells are described. Putative differences in mechanisms of water regulation retained by plant versus animal cells become inconsequential in the light of the numerous similarities: dependence upon bioelectric potentials maintained across cell membranes, energy dependence of uphill water movement, and solute coupling during water transport.   The presentations can be organized into four. The first takes up specific mechanisms of water transport in plants. The second and third parts deal with specific mechanisms in invertebrates and vertebrates, respectively. The fourth part covers generalized mechanisms common to plants and animals.

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Arthur M. Jungreis, Thomas K. Hodges, Arnost Kleinzeller

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Arrow Impossibility Theorems is a 10-chapter text that describes existing impossibility theorems. This book explores a number of formalizations of ethical constraints of the theorems.  After an introduction to the framework and notation for Arrow impossibility theorems, this book goes on discussing some concepts and an apparatus of relations among those concepts which are important for the theorems. Other chapters present some impossibility results that serve to point out serious difficulties in some plausible escape routes from the theorems of earlier chapters. The final chapter describes important areas of research that have arisen in the collective choice field in the transition away from studying the conditions of Arrow's theorem alone to the totality of all impossibility theorems.  This book is intended primarily for economists.

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Siting Energy Facilities describes a tool for making the process of finding sites for energy facilities more efficient and more responsive to the concerns of society. The result should be better sites and a siting process that is understandable and defensible. A major focus of the approach is the systematic search for and identification of suitable candidate sites for the proposed facility. The evaluation of the candidate sites explicitly includes environmental impacts, health and safety, socioeconomic effects, and public attitudes, in addition to engineering and economic criteria. The procedure allows the inclusion of the uncertainties and value judgments that are a significant part of all energy siting problems.   The material in this book can be categorized into three sections: problem definition, the methodological and procedural aspects of the decision analysis siting approach, and illustrations of its use. The first two chapters define what is meant by an energy facility siting problem and indicate the approach and motivation for the decision analysis siting procedure. Subsequent chapters discuss methodological and procedural details of the approach along with a case study on the selection of a site for a pumped storage power plant.

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Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy and Surface Vibrations

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Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy and Surface Vibrations is devoted to electron energy loss spectroscopy as a probe of the crystal surface. Electrons with energy in the range of a few electron volts sample only a few atomic layers. As they approach or exit from the crystal, they interact with the vibrational modes of the crystal surface, or possibly with other elementary excitations localized there. The energy spectrum of electrons back-reflected from the surface is thus a rich source of information on its dynamics.  The book opens with a detailed analysis of the physics that controls the operation of the monochromator, which is the core of the experimental apparatus. Separate chapters follow on the interaction of electrons with vibrational modes of the surface region and with other elementary excitations in the vicinity; the lattice dynamics of clean and adsorbate-covered surfaces, with emphasis on those features of particular relevance to surface vibrational spectroscopy; and selected applications vibration spectroscopy in surface physics and chemistry.

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NMR in Molecular Biology provides an introduction to the basic concepts and principles of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) that are essential to a critical evaluation of experimental data. It also aims to acquaint readers in some detail with those prototype experiments in which a definite, biologically relevant answer has been obtained.  The book opens with a chapter on the historical development of NMR technology. Separate chapters follow on the fundamental principles of NMR; paramagnetic perturbations of NMR spectra; time scales, chemical exchange, and problems of exchange; and characteristics of NMR spectra through investigations of compounds such as amino acids and peptides; and nucleic acid bases, nucleosides, and nucleotides. Subsequent chapters deal with protein NRM spectra, protein-ligand interactions, and the structure and dynamics of membranes.  This book is intended for the student or practicing scientist wishing to gain a critical understanding of the applications of NMR to a wide range of problems in molecular biology.

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Oleg Jardetzky, G. C. K. Roberts, Bernard Horecker, Nathan O. Kaplan, Julius Marmur

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Development in the Preschool Years: Birth to Age Five reports a prospective longitudinal analysis of influences on development in the years from birth to age five. While speculation on the ways in which young children grow tends to be in terms of generalities, this volume emphasizes the role of empirical data in such discourse, and attempts to relate observations to an antecedent set o f quantitative findings. At a more particular level, the investigation considers six aspects of development: motor, intellectual, language, somatic, social, and physical development.   The book is organized into three parts. The first part contains chapters that review of the corpus of longitudinal studies, specific approaches, and recent research; and describe the methods used to generate and analyze the data. The second part provides multivariate regression analyses of the data in six domains while the third part presents a discussion of the findings. The fundamental intent of this investigation is to make a contribution to policy formation for the early years of life.

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Wave Propagation and Scattering in Random Media

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Multiple Scattering, Turbulence, Rough Surfaces, and Remote Sensing

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Wave Propagation and Scattering in Random Media, Volume 2, presents the fundamental formulations of wave propagation and scattering in random media in a unified and systematic manner.  The topics covered in this book may be grouped into three categories: waves in random scatterers, waves in random continua, and rough surface scattering. Random scatterers are random distributions of many particles. Examples are rain, fog, smog, hail, ocean particles, red blood cells, polymers, and other particles in a state of Brownian motion. Random continua are the media whose characteristics vary randomly and continuously in time and space. Examples are clear air turbulence, jet engine exhaust, tropospheric and ionospheric turbulence, ocean turbulence, and biological media such as tissue and muscle. Rough surface examples are the ocean surface, planetary surfaces, interfaces between different biological media, and the surface roughness of an optical fiber.  This book is intended for engineers and scientists interested in optical, acoustic, and microwave propagation and scattering in atmospheres, oceans, and biological media, and particularly for those involved in communication through such media and remote sensing of the characteristics of these media.

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The Oxygen Evolving System of Photosynthesis

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The Oxygen Evolving System of Photosynthesis documents the proceedings of an international symposium entitled ""Photosynthetic Water Oxidation and Photosystem II Photochemistry,"" held at The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Wako, Saitama, Japan, 15-17 March 1983. Several other papers from authorities in this field are also included. This book provides in a systematic fashion the most current thoughts and insights into the field of photosynthetic oxygen evolution.  The volume contains 46 chapters organized into five parts. Part I deals with the subunit structure of photosystem II reaction center pigment proteins and the charge separation (generation of positive and negative charges, P680+ and Pheo-). Part II examines the components and their function on the donor side. Part III discusses the biochemistry of the water oxidation enzyme system, polypeptide composition, and functional reconstitution. Part IV take up the functions of chloride and bicarbonate in electron transport and the mechanism of photoactivation in latent or Tris-inactivated chloroplasts. Part V discusses the fate of reducing equivalents going through the two-electron gate mechanism, together with the biochemistry of the quinone components on the acceptor side.

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Yorinao Inoue, Norio Murata, Antony R. Crofts

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Papers Dedicated to Professor Mikio Sato on the Occasion of His Sixtieth Birthday

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Algebraic Analysis: Papers Dedicated to Professor Mikio Sato on the Occasion of his 60th Birthday, Volume I is a collection of research papers on algebraic analysis and related topics in honor to Professor Mikio Satos 60th birthday.   This volume is composed of 35 chapters and begins with papers concerning Satos early career in algebraic analysis. The succeeding chapters deal with research works on the existence of local holomorphic solutions, the holonomic q-difference systems, partial differential equations, and the properties of solvable models. Other chapters explore the fundamentals of hypergeometric functions, the Toda lattice in the complex domain, the Lie algebras, b-functions, p-adic integrals, analytic parameters of hyperfunctions, and some applicatioins of microlocal energy methods to analytic hypoeellipticity. This volume also presents studies on the complex powers of p-adic fields, operational calculus, extensions of microfunction sheaves up to the boundary, and the irregularity of holonomic modules. The last chapters feature research works on error analysis of quadrature formulas obtained by variable transformation and the analytic functional on the complex light cone, as well as their Fourier-Borel transformations.  This book will prove useful to mathematicians and advance mathematics students.

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Psychoanalytic and Behavioral Studies of Surgical Patients

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Psychological Stress: Psychoanalytic and Behavioral Studies of Surgical Patients attempts to present as complete a picture as possible of the psychological aspects of surgery.   The primary purpose is to highlight the theoretical implications by conveying what has been learned concerning the dynamics of human adjustment to stressful life events. It also draws attention to some of the main practical implications with respect to three important types of problems : (a) the formulation of policies of medical management which take account of the psychological needs of sick people; (b) the improvement of diagnostic procedures relevant for predicting high or low stress tolerance; and (c) the development of effective methods of psychological preparation which could be widely applied as part of a mental health program designed to reduce the disruptive emotional impact of many different types of potential disasters.  The book is organized into two parts. Part I formulates a large number of propositions concerning the dynamics of stress behavior. These propositions generally deal with the causes and consequences of various types of emotional reactions and adjustment mechanisms that are frequently activated when people are exposed to severe environmental threats, dangers, or deprivations. Part II focuses on two reaction variables which appear to be of fundamental importance in adjustment to stress: (a) fear of body damage, as manifested by verbalized attitudes of apprehensiveness, overt signs of emotional tension, and overt attempts to execute protective actions; and (b) externalized anger, as manifested by verbalized attitudes of resentment toward persons in the immediate environment outbursts of rage, and overt acts of opposition or resistanceto the demands of danger-control personnel.

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Elementary Linear Algebra reviews the elementary foundations of linear algebra in a student-oriented, highly readable way. The many examples and large number and variety of exercises in each section help the student learn and understand the material. The instructor is also given flexibility by allowing the presentation of a traditional introductory linear algebra course with varying emphasis on applications or numerical considerations. In addition, the instructor can tailor coverage of several topics.  Comprised of six chapters, this book first discusses Gaussian elimination and the algebra of matrices. Applications are interspersed throughout, and the problem of solving AX = B, where A is square and invertible, is tackled. The reader is then introduced to vector spaces and subspaces, linear independences, and dimension, along with rank, determinants, and the concept of inner product spaces. The final chapter deals with various topics that highlight the interaction between linear algebra and all the other branches of mathematics, including function theory, analysis, and the singular value decomposition and generalized inverses.  This monograph will be a useful resource for practitioners, instructors, and students taking elementary linear algebra.

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The Endocrine Function of the Human Testis

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The Endocrine Function of the Human Testis, Volume 1, contains papers that comprise the series of lectures given in a short course on the "Endocrine Function of the Human Testis" which was organized by the Post-Graduate School of Endocrinology in the University of Florence. The course was held in two parts, the first on April 25-27 and the second on October 24-26, 1972. The topics which were covered were: methods for the assay of androgens; binding of androgens in plasma; metabolism of testosterone; the chemistry, biology, and radioimmunoassay of hypophiseal gonadotrophins; the mechanism of control of the secretion of pituitary gonadotrophins; and the biosynthesis of androgens in the human testis.

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Robustness of Statistical Tests provides a general, systematic finite sample theory of the robustness of tests and covers the application of this theory to some important testing problems commonly considered under normality. This eight-chapter text focuses on the robustness that is concerned with the exact robustness in which the distributional or optimal property that a test carries under a normal distribution holds exactly under a nonnormal distribution.  Chapter 1 reviews the elliptically symmetric distributions and their properties, while Chapter 2 describes the representation theorem for the probability ration of a maximal invariant. Chapter 3 explores the basic concepts of three aspects of the robustness of tests, namely, null, nonnull, and optimality, as well as a theory providing methods to establish them. Chapter 4 discusses the applications of the general theory with the study of the robustness of the familiar Students r-test and tests for serial correlation. This chapter also deals with robustness without invariance. Chapter 5 looks into the most useful and widely applied problems in multivariate testing, including the GMANOVA (General Multivariate Analysis of Variance). Chapters 6 and 7 tackle the robust tests for covariance structures, such as sphericity and independence and provide a detailed description of univariate and multivariate outlier problems. Chapter 8 presents some new robustness results, which deal with inference in two population problems.  This book will prove useful to advance graduate mathematical statistics students.

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Takeaki Kariya, Bimal K. Sinha, Gerald L. Lieberman, Ingram Olkin

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A New Analysis of Anxiety and Depression

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Patterns of Emotions: A New Analysis of Anxiety and Depression provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of anxiety and depression phenomena experienced in some degree by everyone and in crippling intensity by many. This book is a sequel to The Face of Emotion (Izard, 1971), which presented a general conceptual framework for the study of the personality, a theory of the emotions, and evidence for the universality of the fundamental emotions of interest, joy, surprise, distress, anger, disgust, contempt, shame, and fear.  The book defines the problems of anxiety and depression, in the framework of differential emotion theory, as combinations or patterns of interacting fundamental emotions and bodily feelings. The differential emotion theory of anxiety and depression is compared with psychoanalytic theory, cognitive theory, and biogenetic theory. A number of studies are presented which support the differential emotion analysis of anxiety and depression. The book also presents studies of various life situations in which a particular fundamental emotion is dominant. What has been found repeatedly is that, in each such situation, the dominant emotion occurs in a pattern of dynamically related fundamental emotions. The patterns for a variety of commonly experienced and universal emotion situations are presented and discussed.

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Poverty and Policy in American History is about people who needed help in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It is about the ways in which the perception of poverty and other forms of dependence affected the development of public programs and the conduct of voluntary reform. It also about the ways in which people have written about welfare.  The book contains three chapters and opens with a description of the life and death of a poor family in early twentieth-century Philadelphia based on case records. It attempts to show many of the themes in the lives of the poor through the close analysis of one extended example. The second chapter moves back in time and consists of four case studies drawn from the project's empirical research. The first case study takes up the history of a neglected institution, the poorhouse. The second case reports on a survey of the causes of pauperism undertaken by the New York Board of State Charities in the mid-1870s. The third case analyzes a sample of the seven special schedules of the 1880 U.S. census, which enumerated the ""defective, dependent, and delinquent"" population. The final case uses a register of tramps from various places in New York State during the mid-1870s to assess the relation between popular images of tramps and what appeared to be their actual characteristics. The third chapter uses the results of the project's research and other recent work on related topics to examine American historical writing about dependence as a field and offers a sympathetic critique.

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Michael B. Katz, Charles Tilly, Edward Shorter

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Lymphocyte Differentiation, Recognition, and Regulation provides an overview of the state of knowledge on cellular immunology. The focus is on animal work than on studies in man, although in certain areas human lymphocyte biology has been discussed in some detail. The book attempts to integrate information from diverse areas of cellular immunology, immunogenetics, and immunochemistry to form some cohesive concepts that can be perhaps utilized as a working foundation for students and investigators in various areas of immunology.   The book begins with a general description of some of techniques and principles underlying the systems frequently employed in cellular immunology. This is followed by detailed analyses of lymphocyte differentiation, receptor function, and regulatory processes. The main points that emerge from such analyses are that the immune system is an infinitely complex and finely tuned network of cells, receptors, and molecules which interact with one another in a genetically controlled manner that is manifested ultimately in the process known as differentiation.

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David H. Katz, F. J. Dixon, Henry G. Kunkel

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Numerical Solution of Partial Differential EquationsIII, SYNSPADE 1975

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Proceedings of the Third Symposium on the Numerical Solution of Partial Differential Equations, SYNSPADE 1975, Held at the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, May 19-24, 1975

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Numerical Solution of Partial Differential EquationsIII: Synspade 1975 provides information pertinent to those difficult problems in partial differential equations exhibiting some type of singular behavior. This book covers a variety of topics, including the mathematical models and their relation to experiment as well as the behavior of solutions of the partial differential equations involved. Organized into 16 chapters, this book begins with an overview of elastodynamic results for stress intensity factors of a bifurcating crack. This text then discusses the effects of nonlinearities, such as bifurcation, which occur in problems of nonlinear mechanics. Other chapters consider the equations of changing type and those with rapidly oscillating coefficients. This book discusses as well the effective computational methods for numerical solutions. The final chapter deals with the principal results on G-convergence, such as the convergence of the Green's operators for Dirichlet's and other boundary problems. This book is a valuable resource for engineers and mathematicians.

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Probability and Mathematical Statistics: Measure and Integral provides information pertinent to the general mathematical notions and notations. This book discusses how the machinery of ?-extension works and how ?-content is derived from ?-measure.  Organized into 16 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the classical HahnBanach theorem and introduces the Banach limits in the form of a major exercise. This text then presents the Daniell extension theory for positive ?-measures. Other chapters consider the transform of ?-contents and ?-measures by measurable mappings and kernels. This text is also devoted to a thorough study of the vector lattice of signed contents. This book discusses as well an abstract regularity theory and applied to the standard cases of compact, locally compact, and Polish spaces. The final chapter deals with the rudiments of the KreinMilman theorem, along with some of their applications.  This book is a valuable resource for graduate students.

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Konrad Jacobs, Z. W. Birnbaum, E. Lukacs