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Proceedings of a Symposium Held at the Center for Tomorrow, the Ohio State University, June 14-16, 1971

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Optimizing Method in Statistics is a compendium of papers dealing with variational methods, regression analysis, mathematical programming, optimum seeking methods, stochastic control, optimum design of experiments, optimum spacings, and order statistics. One paper reviews three optimization problems encountered in parameter estimation, namely, 1) iterative procedures for maximum likelihood estimation, based on complete or censored samples, of the parameters of various populations; 2) optimum spacings of quantiles for linear estimation; and 3) optimum choice of order statistics for linear estimation. Another paper notes the possibility of posing various adaptive filter algorithms to make the filter learn the system model while the system is operating in real time. By reducing the time necessary for process modeling, the time required to implement the acceptable system design can also be reduced One paper evaluates the parallel structure between duality relationships for the linear functional version of the generalized Neyman-Pearson problem, as well as the duality relationships of linear programming as these apply to bounded-variable linear programming problems. The compendium can prove beneficial to mathematicians, students, and professor of calculus, statistics, or advanced mathematics.

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Introduction to the Fishery Sciences provides a broad introduction into the study of aquatic organisms and ecology of fisheries and some of the legal, social, and political aspects of their use.  The book is intended to be used by students and those who want to broaden their knowledge on the science of fishery. The text provides discussions on a wide range of topics such as trends in foodfish production; managing of fishery aquatic environment; identification and classification of fishery resources; and fishery resource management.   Limnologists, freshwater biologists, ecologists, fisheries managers, and students in fisheries science will find the book a good reference material.

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Three Essays on the Natural Philosophy of Complex Systems

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Theoretical Biology and Complexity: Three Essays on the Natural Philosophy of Complex Systems is made up of three short essayseach separately conceived and written, each with distinct thrusts and emphases, but nevertheless closely related in substance and spirit. All three spring from a common concern: to grasp and comprehend the material basis of living systems.   The first essay is about the interaction between particles and the consequent observable manifestations. It casts the analysis of the measurement process into an elegant dualism relating modes of description, and explores the consequences of this dualism for what may be called classical physics. The second essay explores the deeper consequences of representing the properties of natural systems through states built up out of observable quantities, and the dynamics that such systems impose on each other through interactions. The final essay argues that traditional modes of system representation, involving fixed sets of states together with imposed dynamical laws, strictly pertains only to an extremely limited class of systems (called simple systems or mechanisms). Systems not in this class are called complex, and these can only be in some sense approximated, locally and temporally, by simple ones. Such a radical alteration of viewpoint leads to a large number of concrete, practical consequences, some of which are described in the essay.

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Theory of Technical Change and Economic Invariance

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Theory of Technical Change and Economic Invariance: Application of Lie Groups presents the economic invariance problems observable behavior under general transformations such as taste change or technical change. This book covers a variety of topics in economic theory, ranging from the analysis of production functions to the general recoverability problem of optimal dynamic behavior.  Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the theory of observable behavior by analyzing the invariant relationships among economic variables. This text then examines the Lie group theory which provides one of the most efficient methods of studying invariance properties. Other chapters consider the analysis of exogenous technical change, a process partly due to dynamic market forces of supply and demand. This book discusses as well the topics closely related to parametric changes under Lie groups and related transformations. The final chapter deals with mathematical foundations of the theory of observable market behavior.  This book is a valuable resource for economists.

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Introduction to the Practice of Fishery Science

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Introduction to the Practice of Fishery Science covers the role of fishery science in various social affairs. This book is divided into three parts encompassing 15 chapters.   Part I is about the profession, what is embodied in a professional career and the expanding challenges to the profession, with a summary of the work of organizations that employ fishery scientists. Part II deals with the traditional sciences that apply to the aquatic environment and its organisms. This part also tackles their biology, ecology, populations, and culture. Part III presents an overall qualitative concept of the activity of fishery scientists. This part also provides a perspective on fishery problems in several major areas and the ways in which the many kinds of scientists are attacking them.  This book will prove useful to fishery scientists, researchers, and students.

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Developments in Japanese Economics provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of the developments in Japanese economics. This book presents the process innovative aspect of Japanese science and technology.  Organized into three parts encompassing 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the heterogeneous capital goods model that is stable even with an infinitely short forecast. This text then emphasizes that the changes in capital accumulation are relevant for economic growth and decline. Other chapters consider the examples of how Japanese economists apply theory to empirical endeavors. This book discusses as well the durable capital stock of the Japanese manufacturing industries. The final chapter attempts to investigate the validity of the theory of self-dual demand functions, which can be integrated into consumer's utility function, by using both Japanese and U.S. data.  This book is a valuable resource for economists, sociologists, political scientists, financial historians, statisticians, and research workers.

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Fossil and Living Dinoflagellates presents a detailed account of the cell physiology, morphology, and mode of life of dinoflagellates. This book discusses the development in the research, both on fossil and living dinoflagellates.  Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of dinoflagellates as the most important producers of luminescence in the oceans, which sometimes cause tropical seas to glow with phosphorescent light. This text then examines the characteristic feature of dinoflagellates to possess two flagella. Other chapters consider the sequence of events during reproduction in the armored dinoflagellate Glenodinium foliaceum based on culture. This book discusses as well the encystment in non-marine dinoflagellates, which occurs in response to the oncoming of adverse environmental conditions. The final chapter deals with the distribution pattern of dinoflagellate cysts in fossil sediments.  This book is a valuable resource for marine biologists, zoologist, paleontologists, micropaleontologists, geologists, taxonomists, microscopists, geneticists, and research workers.

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The Social Impact of Computers should be read as a guide to the social implications of current and future applications of computers. Among the basic themes presented are the following: the changing nature of work in response to technological innovation as well as the threat to jobs; personal freedom in the machine age as manifested by challenges to privacy, dignity, and work; the relationship between advances in computer and communications technology and the possibility of increased centralization of authority; and the emergence and influence of artificial intelligence and its role in decision-making, especially in military applications.  The book begins with background and historical information on computers and technology. Separate chapters then cover major applications: business, medicine, education, government; major social issues, including crime, privacy, work; and new technologies and problems: industry regulation, electronic funds transfer systems, international competition, national industrial policies, robotics and industrial automation, productivity, the information society, videotex. The final chapter discusses issues associated with ethics and professionalism.  The material presented should be accessible to most university students who have had an introductory course in computer science. Self taught or sufficiently motivated individuals who have gained an understanding of how computers operate should also profit from this book. Especially useful are backgrounds in sociology, economics, history, political science, or philosophy.

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Environmental Perspectives on Growing Old

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Aging and Milieu: Environmental Perspectives on Growing Old is a collection of essays that presents insight into the area of aging-environment research.  The book focuses primarily on the physical, phenomenological, cultural, social, and clinical environmental context of an old person. Part I explores alternative conceptions of aging and milieu. The second part discusses the old-person-environment transaction. Part III covers the social context of milieu or the notion of how social relationships mediate and condition the symbiotic relationships between the old person and the physical environment.  Gerontologists, sociologists, psychologists, architects, and urban planners will find this book interesting.

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Image Modeling compiles papers presented at a workshop on image modeling in Rosemont, Illinois on August 6-7, 1979.  This book discusses the mosaic models for textures, image segmentation as an estimation problem, and comparative analysis of line-drawing modeling schemes. The statistical models for the image restoration problem, use of Markov random fields as models of texture, and mathematical models of graphics are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the univariate and multivariate random field models for images, stochastic image models generated by random tessellations of the plane, and long crested wave models. Other topics include the Boolean model and random sets, structural basis for image description, and structure in co-occurrence matrices for texture analysis.  This publication is useful to specialists and professionals working in the field of image processing.

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Proceedings of the Symposium on the History of Modern Mathematics, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, June 20-24, 1989

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The History of Modern Mathematics, Volume I: Ideas and their Reception documents the proceedings of the Symposium on the History of Modern Mathematics held at Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York on June 20-24, 1989.  This book is concerned with the emergence and reception of major ideas in fields that range from foundations and set theory, algebra and invariant theory, and number theory to differential geometry, projective and algebraic geometry, line geometry, and transformation groups. Other topics include the theory of reception for the history of mathematics and British synthetic vs. French analytic styles of algebra in the early American Republic. The early geometrical works of Sophus Lie and Felix Klein, background to Gergonne's treatment of duality, and algebraic geometry in the late 19th century are also elaborated.  This volume is intended for students and researchers interested in developments in pure mathematics.

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Introduction to Probability Models, Fifth Edition focuses on different probability models of natural phenomena.  This edition includes additional material in Chapters 5 and 10, such as examples relating to analyzing algorithms, minimizing highway encounters, collecting coupons, and tracking the AIDS virus. The arbitrage theorem and its relationship to the duality theorem of linear program are also covered, as well as how the arbitrage theorem leads to the Black-Scholes option pricing formula.  Other topics include the Bernoulli random variable, Chapman-Kolmogorov equations, and properties of the exponential distribution. The continuous-time Markov chains, single-server exponential queueing system, variations on Brownian motion; and variance reduction by conditioning are also elaborated.  This book is a good reference for students and researchers conducting work on probability models.

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Anthropology and the Public Interest: Field work and Theory provides an understanding of how culture affects human lives, and uses this understanding in formulating and implementing domestic social policy. This book defines basic research as contributing to theory, knowledge, and method that contributes to the advancement of social science.  Organized into four parts encompassing 19 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the greatest potential payoff for the advancement of social science and for enlightened social programming. This text then presents an insightful discussion of why cultural differences among people have gone so largely unrecognized. Other chapters consider the cultural or language processes of contemporary U.S. populations. This book discusses as well the changing environment that gave rise to the tremendous growth in academic anthropology. The final chapter deals with social indicators research and discusses the potential role of anthropology in such work.  This book is a valuable resource for anthropologists.

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Introduction to Stochastic Dynamic Programming

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Introduction to Stochastic Dynamic Programming presents the basic theory and examines the scope of applications of stochastic dynamic programming.   The book begins with a chapter on various finite-stage models, illustrating the wide range of applications of stochastic dynamic programming. Subsequent chapters study infinite-stage models: discounting future returns, minimizing nonnegative costs, maximizing nonnegative returns, and maximizing the long-run average return. Each of these chapters first considers whether an optimal policy need existproviding counterexamples where appropriateand then presents methods for obtaining such policies when they do. In addition, general areas of application are presented.   The final two chapters are concerned with more specialized models. These include stochastic scheduling models and a type of process known as a multiproject bandit. The mathematical prerequisites for this text are relatively few. No prior knowledge of dynamic programming is assumed and only a moderate familiarity with probability including the use of conditional expectationis necessary.

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Sheldon M. Ross, Z. W. Birnbaum, E. Lukacs

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Handbook of Survey Research provides an introduction to the theory and practice of sample survey research. It addresses both the student who desires to master these topics and the practicing survey researcher who needs a source that codifies, rationalizes, and presents existing theory and practice.   The handbook can be organized into three major parts. Part 1 sets forth the basic theoretical issues involved in sampling, measurement, and management of survey organizations. Part 2 deals mainly with ""hands-on,"" how-to-do-it issues: how to draw theoretically acceptable samples, how to write questionnaires, how to combine responses into appropriate scales and indices, how to avoid response effects and measurement errors, how actually to go about gathering survey data, how to avoid missing data (and what to do when you cannot), and other topics of a similar nature. Part 3 considers the analysis of survey data, with separate chapters for each of the three major multivariate analysis modes and one chapter on the uses of surveys in monitoring overtime trends.  This handbook will be valuable both to advanced students and to practicing survey researchers seeking a detailed guide to the major issues in the design and analysis of sample surveys and to current state of the art practices in sample surveys.

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Peter H. Rossi, James D Wright, Andy B. Anderson

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An Introduction to Data Base Design provides an understanding of how data base management systems (DBMS) work to be able to use any available commercial DBMS intelligently. This book presents the principle of independence of physical and local organization.  Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of normal form theory. This text then describes the three types of DBMS. Other chapters consider the difficulties in processing queries where the names of the files are not mentioned. This book discusses as well how to group data hierarchically, how to use a preorder tree traversal to represent the data, and how to convert a network organization to a hierarchical one. The final chapter deals with four essential issues in data base theory, namely, recovery, security, integrity, and concurrency.  This book is a valuable resource for computer science students in the junior or senior year, and people in industry who are doing technical work using data bases.

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The Physiology of Insecta, Second Edition, Volume IV, is part of a multivolume treatise that brings together the known facts, the controversial material, and the many still unsolved and unsettled problems of insect physiology. Since the first edition of this multivolume treatise was published, there has been a notable expansion of scientific endeavor in each of the various aspects of insect physiology. The original three-volume work has now grown to a thoroughly revised six-volume treatise.  The book contains six chapters and opens with a discussion of the insect central nervous system. This is followed by separate chapters on axonal and synaptic pharmacology; the neural control of skeletal muscle; the structural proteins in insect muscle and their physico-chemical properties; biological oxidation and energetics in insects; and protein synthesis in insects.

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Proceedings of a Symposium Conducted by the Mathematics Research Center, the University of Wisconsin, Madison, May 4-6, 1970

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Nonlinear Programming contains the proceedings of a Symposium on Nonlinear Programming held in Madison, Wisconsin on May 4-6, 1970.  This book emphasizes algorithms and related theories that lead to efficient computational methods for solving nonlinear programming problems. This compilation consists of 17 chapters. Chapters 1 to 9 are concerned primarily with computational algorithms, while Chapters 10 to 13 are devoted to theoretical aspects of nonlinear programming. Certain applications of nonlinear programming are considered in Chapters 14 to 17. The algorithms for nonlinear constraint problems, investigation of convergence rates, and use of nonlinear programming for approximation are also covered in this text.  This publication is a good source for students and researchers concerned with nonlinear programming.

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J. B. Rosen, O. L. Mangasarian, K. Ritter

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Foundations of Mathematical Biology, Volume III, is devoted to the treatment of behavior of whole organisms and groups of organisms. The viewpoint taken throughout the book is a holistic, phenomenological one. That is, the integrated behavior of these organisms and groups of organisms is not, in general, referred back to specific structural properties of interacting subunits (as in a reductionist scheme), but is rather treated on its own terms without invoking the properties of lower levels of organization.  The book begins with an overview of organization and control in physiological systems, with emphasis on the mathematical techniques involved in more detailed investigations of specific physiological mechanisms. Separate chapters cover the cardiovascular system, with particular reference to blood flow; gross problems of organic form; a relational overview of physics, biology, and sociology; the automata theory in the context of the central nervous system; and populations of interacting organisms. The final chapter discusses the material presented in the entire work, some of its philosophical presuppositions and implications, and the possibility of constructing a unified theory of mathematical biology.

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Perspectives in Computing: Human and Machine Vision II compiles papers presented at the second Workshop on Human and Machine Vision held in Montreal, Canada on August 1-3, 1984.  This book discusses the perception of transparency in man and machine, human image understanding, and connectionist models and parallelism in high level vision. The theory of the perceived spatial layout of scenes, generative systems of analyzers, and codon constraints on closed 2D shapes are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the environment- and viewer-centered perception of surface orientation, autonomous scene description with range imagery, and pre-attentive processing in vision.  This publication is recommended for students and researchers interested in both fields of visual perception and computer vision.