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Generative Modeling for Computer Graphics and Cad

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Symbolic Shape Design Using Interval Analysis

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Generative Modeling for Computer Graphics and Cad: Symbolic Shape Design Using Interval Analysis presents a symbolic approach to shape representation that is useful to the CAD/CAM and computer graphics communities.  This book discusses the kinds of operators useful in a geometric modeling system, including arithmetic operators, vector and matrix operators, integration, differentiation, constraint solution, and constrained minimization. Associated with each operator are several methods that compute properties about the parametric functions represented with the operators.  This text also elaborates how numerous rendering and analytical operations can be supported with only three methodsevaluation of the parametric function at a point, symbolic differentiation of the parametric function, and evaluation of an inclusion function for the parametric function.  This publication is intended for people working in the area of computational geometry who are interested in a robust class of algorithms for manipulating shapes and those who want to know how human beings can specify and manipulate shape.

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Lifestyle and Social Structure: Concepts, Definitions, Analyses is devoted the relationship between lifestyle and social structure. The book begins by constructing a meaningful concept of lifestyle in order to understand and model this relationship. The general formulation of the concept hinges on the descriptive word style, defined as ""any distinctive, and therefore recognizable way in which an act is performed or an artifact made or ought to be performed and made.""   After developing the implications of the definition, lifestyle is defined, by analogy, as ""any distinctive, and therefore recognizable mode of living."" The notion of social structure is then introduced, arguing that structural differentiation engenders lifestyle differentiation. The remainder of the work is concerned primarily with the modeling of this relationship using data from the 1972-1973 Survey of Consumer Expenditures, and with the concept of stylistic unity. Key topics discussed include the relationship between the theory of lifestyle differentiation and modern economic utility theory; psychographic notions of lifestyle; and the relationships between lifestyle and other key sociological concepts (stratification, alienation).   The concept of lifestyle should be of interest to a broad range of applied and theoretical researchers.

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Muscle and Nonmuscle Motility, Volume 1 is concerned with the study of the contraction and the mechanism of movement of muscle cells in a variety of biological systems.  The volume examines contractility and cell structure and surfaces. The chapters contained in the book deal with the organizational aspects of muscle structure and muscle contraction.  Cell biologists and biochemists will find the book a valuable source of information.

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Innovative Approaches to Mental Health Evaluation

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Innovative Approaches to Mental Health Evaluation is a collection of papers that provides a broad range of ideas, methods, and techniques in program administration and evaluation in the field of mental health.  The book is organized into 2 sections. Part I, consisting of 8 chapters, presents the necessary evaluation strategies and approaches that effectively address the important mental health issues for the 1980s such as prevention programs; the linking of health and mental health delivery systems; accountability in assuring quality of services; deinstitutionalizing the chronically mentally ill; and providing for greater local participation in mental health program management. Part II, surveys the promising evaluation methods, approaches, and relevant issues that are emerging in the new organizational and political environment of the mental health system.  The book will be of good use to mental health administrators, researchers, managers, students, and evaluators.

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Theoretical Methods in Social History examines how generality can be wrested from historical facts.    The book explores the various aspects on the application of social theory to historical materials. Chapters delve on various historical issues such as the sociological bias of Trotsky and De Tocqueville; functional analysis of class relations in Smelser and Bendix; and the analogy between intellectual productions.  Historians and philosophers will find the book interesting.

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Open Systems Handbook, Second Edition provides an easy-to-read, thorough, and management-oriented explanation of the promises, dangers, and realities of open systems.  This edition describes specific products and various open systems that have been updated to reflect the events of the mid-1990s. Emerging open technologies that either didn't exist in 1991 or were in their infancy, such as client/server middleware, are also covered.  Topics include the definitions and history of open systems, open systems components, end user interaction points, and elements of open systems software. The general communications hardware, visual application development, models of integration, and advantages of open systems are likewise elaborated.  This publication is a good reference for computing professionals and engineers working on open systems.

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Evaluating the Welfare State: Social and Political Perspectives together with its companion Social Policy Evaluation: An Economic Perspective is the outgrowth of an international and interdisciplinary conference on policy evaluation held at Tel Aviv University in December 1980. The conference brought together scholars from the fields of economics, sociology, political science, social work, and administration. The papers presented at this conference approached the welfare state and social policy evaluation from a number of different theoretical and methodological perspectives. A selection of these papers has been included in this volume.  The book is divided into five parts. Part I is devoted to the political antecedents and consequences of the welfare state and to the social and psychological processes that affect the development of social policies and reactions to them. Part II analyzes the discontinuity between policies that are the subject of public debate, and the programs that affect the well-being of populations and the distribution of resources. The chapters in Parts III and IV present current developments in the practice of evaluation and explore the frontiers of this field. Part V focuses on the relationship of evaluation to policymaking. This involves examinations of the culture of political debates, the nature of choices facing policymakers, and the impact of research on policy.

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9th Conference of the Gesellschaft fur Biologische Chemie

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Regulation of Gluconeogenesis documents the proceedings of 9th Conference of the Gesellschaft fur Biologische Chemie. This meeting was first planned as a continuation of a former Conference of the Gesellschaft fur Biologische Chemie on ""Stoffwechsel der isoliert perfundierten Leber"". However, the organizers of the present meeting decided that it seemed far more reasonable to restrict the subject to a special biochemical problem than to a technical procedure which had not changed very much during the last years.  This volume contains 24 chapters and begins with a paper that identifies the substrates, activators, and inhibitors which may influence the rate of reaction of pyruvate carboxylase from liver. Other papers deal with topics such as purification and properties of pyruvate carboxylase from rat liver; the location of pyruvate carboxylase in mitochondria; effects of quinolinic acid on the free and total nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotides of rat liver; and effects of biguanides on gluconeogenesis in rats and guinea pigs.

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Anxiety: Current Trends in Theory and Research, Volume I, seeks to facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of anxiety phenomena. This volume emerged from a symposium on Anxiety: Current Trends in Theory and Research held at Florida State University in the spring of 1970. The symposium brought together persons who have made important contributions to the understanding of anxiety phenomena and provided them with an opportunity to react to each other's ideas. One of the main goals of the symposium was to stimulate confrontation among opposing views with the expectation that this would, at least, provide clarification of terminology and eliminate the semantic confusion plaguing the field.  The volume is organized into three parts. Part I presents an overview of the unique theoretical perspective and research objectives with which each contributor has approached the topic of anxiety. It also provides background information and historical perspective for the reader with limited familiarity with this area. Part II contains papers focusing on the nature and measurement of anxiety. Part III deals with the neurophysiological and biochemical aspects of anxiety.  This work is intended primarily for psychologists and students of psychology, but it should be of interest to any behavioral or medical scientist concerned with a more comprehensive understanding of personality and psychopathology.

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Learning C with Fractals provides the fundamentals of the C programming language and the generation of fractals.  The book is comprised of 21 chapters that discuss the aspects of the C programming language. The text begins with an introductory chapter that provides the basic hardware requirements and basic information to get the student started. Subsequent chapters tackle the writing and compiling of C programs; the main program and functions; the program's interaction with DOS (Disk Operating System); and the operators and expressions in C. Topics on initializing variables, conditional statements, manipulating strings, and the different programming functions are covered as well.  Computer programmers and those interested in learning computer programming will find the book useful.

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The Numerical Solution of Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations

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The Numerical Solution of Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations is an introduction to the numerical solution of ordinary and partial differential equations. Finite difference methods for solving partial differential equations are mostly classical low order formulas, easy to program but not ideal for problems with poorly behaved solutions or (especially) for problems in irregular multidimensional regions. FORTRAN77 programs are used to implement many of the methods studied.  Comprised of six chapters, this book begins with a review of direct methods for the solution of linear systems, with emphasis on the special features of the linear systems that arise when differential equations are solved. The next four chapters deal with the more commonly used finite difference methods for solving a variety of problems, including both ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations, and both initial value and boundary value problems. The final chapter is an overview of the basic ideas behind the finite element method and covers the Galerkin method for boundary value problems. Examples using piecewise linear trial functions, cubic hermite trial functions, and triangular elements are presented.  This monograph is appropriate for senior-level undergraduate or first-year graduate students of mathematics.

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Algorithmically Specialized Parallel Computers focuses on the concept and characteristics of an algorithmically specialized computer.  This book discusses the algorithmically specialized computers, algorithmic specialization using VLSI, and innovative architectures. The architectures and algorithms for digital signal, speech, and image processing and specialized architectures for numerical computations are also elaborated. Other topics include the model for analyzing generalized inter-processor, pipelined architecture for search tree maintenance, and specialized computer organization for raster graphics display. The data base applications of the FETCH-AND-ADD instruction, distributed parallel architecture for speech understanding, and two parallel formulations of particle-in-cell models are likewise covered in this text.  This publication is suitable for students, researchers and professionals concerned with algorithmically specialized computers.

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Lawrence Snyder, Leah H. Jamieson, Dennis B. Gannon

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Microbial Aspects of Pollution is the first of a new series that emerged from the annual Summer Conference of Society for Applied Bacteriology, focusing on microbiological subjects of general topical interest.   The subject of the 1971 symposium ""Microbial Aspects of Pollution"" is particularly topical. Pollution is an environmental problem and almost invariably arises from the activities of man. Micro-organisms have their part to play, both advantageously and disadvantageously, and the 16 contributions, written by recognized experts in the field, range widely over the subject. They include considerations of the health hazards of pollution, embracing the consequences of sewage pollution of our water supplies and a most important topic to the laboratory workerthe safe disposal of infected material.   A series of papers deals with water purification problems and the disposal of sewage and other wastes, and their effects on the waters of rivers and lakes. Special attention is given in this context to the disposal of industrial wastes. Other contributions deal with the disposal of the newer industrial products of the organic chemist, namely, pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, and plastic materials.

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Toxicology: Mechanisms and Analytical Methods, Volume II provides an account of the general methods of chemical analysis available to the toxicologist, discussion of the principles on which they are based, and a survey of the material to which they are applied.  The volume supplements the methods presented in the first volume. It provides specific examples of general procedures; considers the important groups of poisons; arranges the order of extraction from biological material; and discusses the methods for identifying and determining the members of each poison group.  The book will be invaluable to toxicologists, clinical chemists, and biochemists.

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The Ecology of Social Behavior explores the relationships between ecology and the origins and maintenance of social behavior. The chapters in this book suggest that a consideration of ecological factors is necessary to any paradigm that tries to explain the origins and maintenance of social behavior. Most also suggest that there are some trade-offs between ecology, genetics, and phylogeny in the development and persistence of specific social systems.  The book is organized into five parts. Part I provides an overview of the main themes covered in the present volume. Part II contains papers on ecological interactions, including variation in group sizes of forest primates, group foraging, and the origin of monogamy in mammals and fishes. Part III examines the ecology of social mammals. These include the ecological conditions for philopatry and the relationship of habitat variability to sociality in yellow-bellied marmots. Part IV focuses on the ecology of social birds while Part V deals with the ecology of social arthropods.

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Nonbenzenoid Aromatics, Volume II, provides an overview of the state of knowledge in the field of non-benzenoid aromatic compounds. The theme that threads its way through the six chapters is that of ""aromaticity,"" with each author making an effort to evaluate this concept in light of his own work. It is with this in mind that this treatise was initiated with an historical account tracing the development of the idea up to the discovery of the electron.  The book begins with discussions of the estimation of the thermochemical and kinetic stability of a system which has not yet been synthesized and the calculation of electronic spectra. This is followed by separate chapters on the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of radical ions of nonbenzenoid aromatics; the theoretical and empirical bases of exaltation;  and treatment of cyclic (4n + 2) p-electron systems with six or more p-electrons and bearing one or more formal charges. Subsequent chapters deal with the chemical binding and delocalization in phosphonitrilic derivatives, and cyclobutadiene-metal complexes.

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Air Pollution, Second Edition, Volume I: Air Pollution and Its Effects discusses the cause, effect, transport, measurement, and control of air pollution.  The volume covers the nature of air pollution; mechanism of the dispersal of air pollution by meteorological factors and from stacks; and its effect upon plants, animals, humans, materials, and visibility. The classification and extent of air pollution problems; air pollution effects on urban atmospheric and weather conditions; and the effects of air pollution on materials and the economy are discussed as well.  Engineers, physicians, meteorologists, economists, sociologists, agronomists, and toxicologists will find the book a valuable reference material.

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Regional Analysis, Volume II: Social Systems consists of studies on the general applications of the regional framework for analyzing socioeconomic systems as they exist and develop in territorial-environmental systems.  This volume is concerned with social systems, emphasizing the interrelationships among the institutional components of complex societies. Marriage and kinship, political organization, formation of ethnic and cultural-territorial groups, and stratification systems that are affected by regional-environmental variables are also covered.   This publication is beneficial to social and regional scientists, geographers, economists, social anthropologists, archeologists, sociologists, and political scientists intending to acquire knowledge of the implications of rural-urban relations and regional settlement patterns.

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Information Processing in Motor Control and Learning

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Information Processing in Motor Control and Learning provides the theoretical ideas and experimental findings in the field of motor behavior research.  The text presents a balanced combination of theory and empirical data. Chapters discuss several theoretical issues surrounding skill acquisition; motor programming; and the nature and significance of preparation, rapid movement sequences, attentional demands, and sensorimotor integration in voluntary movements.  The book will be interesting to psychologists, neurophysiologists, and graduate students in related fields.

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The Architecture of Supercomputers: Titan, A Case Study describes the architecture of the first member of an entirely new computing class, the graphic supercomputing workstation known as Titan.  This book is divided into seven chapters. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the Titan architecture, including the motivation, organization, and processes that created it. A survey of all the techniques to speed up computation is presented in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 reviews the issue of particular benchmarks and measures, while Chapter 4 analyzes a model of a concurrency hierarchy extending from the register set to the entire operating system. The architecture of Titan graphics supercomputer and its implementation are considered in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 examines the performance of Titan in terms of the various information flow data rates. The last chapter is devoted to the actual performance on benchmark kernels and how the architecture and implementation affect performance.  This publication is recommended for architects and engineers designing processors and systems.

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Daniel P. Siewiorek, Philip John Koopman