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Psychobiological Aspects of Cognitive Growth

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Psychobiological Aspects of Cognitive Growth elucidates the psychobiological aspects of cognitive development. The goals of this book are limited to a description of what may be defined as ""borderline"" phenomena of cognitive development. These are phenomena that can be observed and measured behaviorally, and also can be conveniently investigated by neurophysiological, genetic, and biological methods.   The book begins with a review of ""basic approaches"" to the problems of psychobiological interaction in cognitive processes. It then presents major theoretical contributions of prominent authors to this subject, namely, Werner's sensoritonic theory, Rothschild's model of the biosemiotic structure of the nervous system, and Piaget's psychobiological interpretations of intellectual growth. This is followed by a general discussion of psychobiological aspects of cognitive development in infancy, and a report on physical correlates of school readiness, including some investigations on relations between static balance ability and reading skill. After a presentation of findings and theoretical considerations related to effects of birth season on physical and mental growth, the final chapter summarizes three studies on the impact of physiological pubertal maturation on mental achievements at adolescence.

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Nonlinear Systems and Applications: An International Conference contains the proceedings of an International Conference on Nonlinear Systems and Applications held at the University of Texas at Arlington, on July 19-23, 1976. The conference provided a forum for reviewing advances in nonlinear systems and their applications and tackled a wide array of topics ranging from abstract evolution equations and nonlinear semigroups to controllability and reachability. Various methods used in solving equations are also discussed, including approximation techniques for delay systems. Most of the applications are in the area of the life sciences.   Comprised of 59 chapters, this book begins with a discussion on monotonically convergent upper and lower bounds for classes of conflicting populations, followed by an analysis of constrained problems. The reader is then introduced to approximation techniques for delay systems in biological models; differential inequalities for Liapunov functions; and stability or chaos in discrete epidemic models. Subsequent chapters deal with nonlinear boundary value problems for elliptic systems; bounds for solutions of reaction-diffusion equations; monotonicity and measurability; and periodic solutions of some integral equations from the theory of epidemics.   This monograph will be helpful to students, practitioners, and researchers in the field of mathematics.

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Comparative Diagnosis of Viral Diseases, Volume III: Vertebrate Animal and Related Viruses Part ADNA Viruses, is devoted to vertebrate animal and related viruses. This book covers in separate chapters the infections caused by each DNA virus family, including slow viruses diseases, as well as the system of Virus Information of the World Health Organization. It provides a comparative description of the principal physicochemical, molecular, structural, genetic, immunological, and biological characteristics of viruses implicated in various diseases, mainly of veterinary importance. With this new concept of comparative diagnosis, the symptoms and the evolution of the diseases are described in detail, as well as the modern methodology for their rapid and specific diagnosis, control, and prevention.  This text will interest all virologists and immunologists working in the area of diagnosis and control of animal virus diseases. In particular, it is addressed to the professionals of veterinary sciences working both in the field and in the laboratory and to students of veterinary schools.

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Additive and Polynomial Representations deals with major representation theorems in which the qualitative structure is reflected as some polynomial function of one or more numerical functions defined on the basic entities. Examples are additive expressions of a single measure (such as the probability of disjoint events being the sum of their probabilities), and additive expressions of two measures (such as the logarithm of momentum being the sum of log mass and log velocity terms). The book describes the three basic procedures of fundamental measurement as the mathematical pivot, as the utilization of constructive methods, and as a series of isomorphism theorems leading to consistent numerical solutions. The text also explains the counting of units in relation to an empirical relational structure which contains a concatenation operation. The book notes some special variants which arise in connection with relativity and thermodynamics. The text cites examples from physics and psychology for which additive conjoint measurement provides a possible method of fundamental measurement. The book will greatly benefit mathematicians, econometricians, and academicians in advanced mathematics or physics.

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David H. Krantz, R Duncan Luce, Patrick Suppes

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Algebra for College Students, Revised and Expanded Edition is a complete and self-contained presentation of the fundamentals of algebra which has been designed for use by the student.  The book provides sufficient materials for use in many courses in college algebra. It contains chapters that are devoted to various mathematical concepts, such as the real number system, sets and set notation, matrices and their application in solving linear systems, and notation of functions. The theory of polynomial equations, formulas for factoring a sum and a difference of cubes, roots of polynomials, and the geometric definition of each conic are likewise included in the book.  College students will find the book very useful and invaluable.

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Idiotypy in Biology and Medicine aims to serve the increasing interest and involvement in the practical aspects of idiotypy in biological systems. The concept of idiotypy has received wide recognition and interest far beyond the area of immunology. Experiments and interpretation of findings, reported here, clearly support the general nature of the idiotype concept in manipulating biological systems to correct pathological conditions or to improve the immune adaptation to environmental factors.  The book is organized into three sections. Section 1 discusses original concepts of idiotypic manipulations. It reviews old and recent data important for the concept of an idiotype network and reports on attempts to deal with the T-cell receptor paradox; explains the immune system in terms of a circular idiotype network that can be demonstrated by sequential immunization; and emphasizes the need for restrictions in network interactions. Section 2 addresses the role and activity of idiotypic and antiidiotypic antibodies in the regulation of the immune system. Section 3 takes the issue of idiotype-antiidiotype out of the realm of the immune system and discusses it as a new principle to analyze and manipulate biological systems in general.

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Heinz Köhler, Jacques Urbain, Pierre-André Cazenave

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Study Guide for College Algebra is a supplemental material for the basic text, College Algebra. Its purpose is to make the learning of college algebra and trigonometry easier and enjoyable.  The book provides detailed solutions to exercises found in the text. Students are encouraged to use the study guide as a learning tool during the duration of the course, a reviewer prior to an exam, a reference book, and as a quick overview before studying a section of the text. The Study Guide and Solutions Manual consists of four major components: basic concepts that should be learned from each unit, what was learned upon completion of each unit, solutions to selected problems, and a short chapter quiz, including the answers, covering the concepts and problem types.  College level students will find the book very useful.

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James W. Snow, Bernard Kolman, Arnold Shapiro

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Elementary Linear Programming with Applications

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Elementary Linear Programming with Applications presents a survey of the basic ideas in linear programming and related areas. It also provides students with some of the tools used in solving difficult problems which will prove useful in their professional career.   The text is comprised of six chapters. The Prologue gives a brief survey of operations research and discusses the different steps in solving an operations research problem. Chapter 0 gives a quick review of the necessary linear algebra. Chapter 1 deals with the basic necessary geometric ideas in Rn. Chapter 2 introduces linear programming with examples of the problems to be considered, and presents the simplex method as an algorithm for solving linear programming problems. Chapter 3 covers further topics in linear programming, including duality theory and sensitivity analysis. Chapter 4 presents an introduction to integer programming. Chapter 5 covers a few of the more important topics in network flows.  Students of business, engineering, computer science, and mathematics will find the book very useful.

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Bernard Kolman, Robert E. Beck, Werner Rheinboldt

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College Algebra, Second Edition is a comprehensive presentation of the fundamental concepts and techniques of algebra.   The book incorporates some improvements from the previous edition to provide a better learning experience. It provides sufficient materials for use in the study of college algebra. It contains chapters that are devoted to various mathematical concepts, such as the real number system, the theory of polynomial equations, exponential and logarithmic functions, and the geometric definition of each conic section. Progress checks, warnings, and features are inserted. Every chapter contains a summary, including terms and symbols with appropriate page references; key ideas for review to stress the concepts; review exercises to provide additional practice; and progress tests to provide self-evaluation and reinforcement. The answers to all Review Exercises and Progress Tests appear in the back of the book.  College students will find the book very useful and invaluable.

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Analytical Methods for Coal and Coal Products

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Analytical Methods for Coal and Coal Products, Volume III, is the third of a three-volume treatise that aims to provide a detailed presentation of what constitutes the first comprehensive reference work devoted exclusively to the subject of analytical methodology for coal and coal products. The three volumes have been divided into a total of twelve parts, each part containing several chapters devoted to a particular subject. The present volume deals with gases, waste products, by-products, environmental problems, and miscellaneous analytical problems, as well as special instrumental techniques for solving various problems.  Because different aspects of a particular subject are frequently scattered through various chapters in the volumes, cross-references between chapters have been entered. In addition, the subject indexes have been made as detailed as was practical, and the reader will benefit from examination of pertinent subjects in the indexes of all three volumes. A careful reading of these volumes will show that definitive solutions are not yet available in a number of instances. There is a clear need for continued research on the fundamentals of analysis of coal and coal products, and the development of reliable and accurate analytical instrumentation, including on-stream applications.

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Topology, Volume I deals with topology and covers topics ranging from operations in logic and set theory to Cartesian products, mappings, and orderings. Cardinal and ordinal numbers are also discussed, along with topological, metric, and complete spaces. Great use is made of closure algebra.   Comprised of three chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on general topological spaces as well as their specialized aspects, including regular, completely regular, and normal spaces. Fundamental notions such as base, subbase, cover, and continuous mapping, are considered, together with operations such as the exponential topology and quotient topology. The next chapter is devoted to the study of metric spaces, starting with more general spaces, having the limit as its primitive notion. The space is assumed to be metric separable, and this includes problems of cardinality and dimension. Dimension theory and the theory of Borei sets, Baire functions, and related topics are also discussed. The final chapter is about complete spaces and includes problems of general function theory which can be expressed in topological terms. The book includes two appendices, one on applications of topology to mathematical logics and another to functional analysis.  This monograph will be helpful to students and practitioners of algebra and mathematics.

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Foundations of Developmental Psychology is designed for the student seeking a comprehensive introduction to developmental psychology as a developmental science. The intent is to introduce the field in a manner comparable to the introductory courses that college students take in biology, chemistry, or physics. The emphasis is on the empirical and theoretical foundations of fundamental human development.    The book attempts to trace the origins and processes of various developmental events. Developmental phenomena are presented by topics rather than by chronological, age-related patterns of development. This arrangement of the subject matter provides for more efficient study, integration, and synthesis of the material, along with a more organized view of development. Key topics discussed include the genetic foundations of development; prenatal factors in development; the biological notion of maturation and its significance for development; motor and perceptual development; and cognitive, intellectual, language, emotional, personality, and social development.  Although this text is written for undergraduate students in psychology, it can be understood by students in any discipline who have a grasp of introductory psychology and biology.

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Numerical Methods of Mathematical Optimization

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Numerical Methods of Mathematical Optimization: With ALGOL and FORTRAN Programs reviews the theory and the practical application of the numerical methods of mathematical optimization. An ALGOL and a FORTRAN program was developed for each one of the algorithms described in the theoretical section. This should result in easy access to the application of the different optimization methods.  Comprised of four chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on the theory of linear and nonlinear optimization, with the main stress on an easily understood, mathematically precise presentation. In addition to the theoretical considerations, several algorithms of importance to the numerical application of optimization theory are described. The next chapter explains the computer programs used in actual optimization, which have the form of procedures or subroutines. The book concludes with an analysis of ALGOL and FORTRAN, paying particular attention to their use in global optimization procedures as well as for the simplex and duoplex methods and the decomposition, Gomory, Beale, and Wolfe algorithms.   This monograph will be helpful to students and practitioners of computer science and applied mathematics.

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Hans P. Künzi, H. G. Tzschach, C. A. Zehnder, Werner Rheinboldt

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Assessment Strategies for Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions is a collection of original contributions provided by leaders in the field who consider the theoretical and applied assessment issues related to the expanding field of cognitive-behavioral interventions. Chapters in the present volume, designed as a companion volume to an earlier text, Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions: Theory, Research, and Procedures, focus on the issues inherent in the measurement of cognitive and behavioral events and processes.  The book opens with an overview of recent growth in the field. Attention is devoted to examining several goals of the new assessment endeavors, some suggestions related to the proposed methods, and certain problems inherent in cognitive-behavioral assessments. Separate chapters follow that deal directly with a variety of specific content areas. These include a conceptualization of attributions, as well as describing their measurement and speculating as to their role in both the etiology and treatment of psychological disturbance; and suggestions for assessment in clinical interviews and for using psychometric instruments and discusses belief systems and irrationality.  Subsequent chapters focus on special populations and procedures.

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Computer Arithmetic in Theory and Practice

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Computer Arithmetic in Theory and Practice deals with computer arithmetic and the various implementations of the entire arithmetic package on diverse processors, including microprocessors. It illustrates the importance of theoretical development in the sound implementation of arithmetic on computers, and argues that such an implementation requires the establishment of various isomorphisms between different definitions of arithmetic operations.  Comprised of seven chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the theory of computer arithmetic by giving an axiomatic characterization of the essential properties of sets and subsets; complete lattices and complete subnets; screens and roundings; and arithmetic operations. The discussion then turns to the concepts of a ringoid and a vectoid as well as those of ordered or weakly ordered ringoids and vectoids; interval arithmetic; and floating-point arithmetic. The operations in interval spaces are defined by means of semimorphisms. The final chapter shows how to embed the five basic data types (integer, real, complex, real interval, and complex interval) together with the arithmetic operations that are defined for all of these types into existing higher programming languages.   This book will be helpful to students and practitioners in the fields of computer science and applied mathematics.

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Ulrich W. Kulisch, Willard L. Miranker, Werner Rheinboldt

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A Lexicon of Economics compiles definitions and abbreviations of many commonly used economic terms and concepts.  This book begins by providing a list of abbreviations, acronyms, and foreign phrases, followed by the definition of economic terms that are organized into alphabetical order. This compilation aims to address two difficulties in the idiom of economicsfirst is the exact use of a very specific definition for a common word that has many diverse meanings in everyday usage, and secondly, the interpretation of acronyms and abbreviations frequently used in economic and financial discussions.  This monograph is suitable for professionals who want a handy, clear explanation of the economic terms they hear or read everyday.

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Proceedings of an International Symposium on the Theory of Machines and Computations Held at Technion in Haifa, Israel, on August 1619, 1971

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Theory of Machines and Computations consists of papers presented at the International Symposium on the Theory of Machines and Computations, held at Technion-Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, Israel, in August 1971.  This book is organized into five main sectionscomputability theory, formal and stochastic languages, finite automata, fault-detection experiments, and switching theory. In these sections, this compilation specifically discusses the computationally complex and pseudo-random zero-one valued functions and rate of convergence of local iterative schemes. The simple syntactic operators on full semiAFLs, whirl decomposition of stochastic systems, and existence of a periodic analogue of a finite automaton are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the theorems on additive automata, fault location in iterative logic arrays, and tree-threshold-synthesis of ternary functions.  This publication is useful to practitioners and specialists interested in the theory of machines and computations.

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Development in Statistics, Volume 3 is a collection of papers that deals with asymptotic expansions in parametric statistical theory, orthogonal models for contingency tables, statistical concepts in economic analysis, and an exposition of path analysis. One paper presents an inference model based on a sample of independent identically distributed observations to arrive at a general statistical theory founded on asymptotic methods. Another paper discusses the applicability of statistical concepts to economics and related areas, with emphasis on not-so-obvious applications (known as utility and expected loss). The paper explains information theory concepts for the measurement of income inequality, intergenerational occupational mobility, as well as to first- and second-order moments of univariate and bivariate distributions (such as measurements applied to the cost of living and of real income). One paper notes that the starting point in path analysis is a linear predictor (in the least-squares sense) for one random variable in terms of a number of others. The paper adds that the work of Koopmans and Hood (1953) on econometrics is part of the starting point. Statisticians, economists, mathematicians, students, and professors of calculus or advanced mathematics will surely appreciate the collection.

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Data Structures, Computer Graphics, and Pattern Recognition

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Data Structures, Computer Graphics, and Pattern Recognition focuses on the computer graphics and pattern recognition applications of data structures methodology.  This book presents design related principles and research aspects of the computer graphics, system design, data management, and pattern recognition tasks. The topics include the data structure design, concise structuring of geometric data for computer aided design, and data structures for pattern recognition algorithms. The survey of data structures for computer graphics systems, application of relational data structures in computer graphics, and observations on linguistics for scene analysis are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the design of satellite graphics systems, interactive image segmentation, surface representation for computer aided design, and error-correcting parsing for syntactic pattern recognition.  This publication is valuable to practitioners in data structures, particularly those who are applying real computer systems to problems involving image, speech, and medical data.

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The Estuary as a Filter contains the proceedings of the Estuarine Research Federations seventh biennial conference at Virginia Beach, Virginia, in late October, 1983. In five invited sessions, scientists and managers considered the physical, geological, chemical-geochemical, and biological processes involved in the ""filtering"" role of estuaries and reflected on management implications of these matters. Most of their presentations and reflections are included in this book in order to demonstrate what is known and what needs to be explored further.  The papers in this volume are grouped as they were presented at the conference. Thus, physical oceanographers begin the work by considering turbulence, mixing, and circulation processes in estuaries. Geologists then examine estuarine sedimentation, including the roles of flocculation and bioturbation in accelerating this process. Chemists and geochemists describe the interactions among and effects of inputs of nutrients, metals, and organic matter into estuaries, and the fate of radionuclides in these systems. Biological and biochemical processes involving surface foam, microbes, sea grasses, and wetlands are considered, along with carefully derived nutrient budgets of selected estuarine regions. Finally, some of the problems facing managers of estuarine ecosystems in three areas of the United States are described, along with the success story of the ongoing rehabilitation of the Thames Estuary in England.