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NIH: An Account of Research in Its Laboratories and Clinics

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NIH: An Account of Research in Its Laboratories and Clinics contains collected accounts of the Intramural Research Program, as they happened in the laboratories and clinics, in various installations of the National Institutes of Health across the U.S.A. One paper discusses the etiology of schizophrenia which notes that, based on evidence and expanded adoption studies by Ketty, Rosenthal, and Wender, genetic factors actually contribute to the development of the disease. In developing countries, schizophrenia follows a more benign course. Some papers describe bacteriology, mycology, viral hepatitis, basic immunology, clinical immunology, and the development of enzymology. Researchers studying proteins elucidate on the synthesis and folding of protein chains, protein conformation and dynamics, the semisynthesis and protein function, as well as on sequence analysis and collagen research. Other papers describe the breaking of the genetic code, the progress made from the genetic code to beta thalassemia, to investigations of genetic diseases (such as galactosemia, gout, Lesch-Nyhan disease, mucopolysaccharide storage disease, and sickle cell disease). One paper notes the contribution of the intramural clinical research program of the National Cancer Institute to cancer therapy with emphasis in cancer chemotherapy. Professors in pharmacology, practitioners of general medicine, specialists or researchers dealing with microchemistry, toxicology, drug therapy, or oncology will find the collection valuable.

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Air Pollution, Second Edition, Volume II: Analysis, Monitoring, and Surveying discusses the cause, effect, transport, measurement, and control of air pollution.  The volume deals with the sampling, analysis, measurement, and monitoring of air pollution. Devices and techniques for determining the concentration of pollutants in the atmosphere; analysis of organic and inorganic gaseous pollutants; particulate matter evaluation; and air quality monitoring are tackled as well.  Engineers, physicians, meteorologists, economists, sociologists, agronomists, and toxicologists will find the book a valuable reference material.

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The Red Blood Cell, Second Edition, Volume II provides a comprehensive treatment and review of basic biomedical knowledge about the circulating, adult red blood cell.  This book discusses the transport through red cell membranes; carrier-mediated glucose transport across human red cell membranes; and metabolism of methemoglobin in human erythrocytes. The interaction of oxygen and carbon dioxide with hemoglobin at the molecular level; physiological role of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve; hemoglobinopathies; and thalassemia syndromes are also deliberated. This publication likewise covers the red cell genetic polymorphisms; biological life of the red cell; clinical indications for red cells and blood; and biophysical behavior of red cells in suspensions.  Other topics include the electrokinetic behavior of red cells; erythrocyte as a biopsy tissue in the evaluation of nutritional status; and knowledge of red cell purine and pyrimidine metabolism coming from the study of human disease.  This volume is recommended for students, researchers, teachers, and physicians aiming to acquire knowledge of the red blood cell.

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Studies in Topology is a compendium of papers dealing with a broad portion of the topological spectrum, such as in shape theory and in infinite dimensional topology. One paper discusses an approach to proper shape theory modeled on the "ANR-systems" of Mardesic-Segal, on the "mutations" of Fox, or on the "shapings" of Mardesic. Some papers discuss homotopy and cohomology groups in shape theory, the structure of superspace, on o-semimetrizable spaces, as well as connected sets that have one or more disconnection properties. One paper examines "weak" compactness, considered as either a strengthening of absolute closure or a weakening of relative compactness (subject to entire topological spaces or to subspaces of larger spaces). To construct spaces that have only weak properties, the investigator can use the various productivity theorems of Scarborough and Stone, Saks and Stephenson, Frolik, Booth, and Hechler. Another paper analyzes the relationship between "normal Moore space conjecture" and productivity of normality in Moore spaces. The compendium is suitable for mathematicians, physicists, engineers, and other professionals involved in topology, set theory, linear spaces, or cartography.

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The Natural History of the Nondomestic Canidae

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Wild Dogs: The Natural History of the Nondomestic Canidae presents a comprehensive, current natural history of the nondomestic dog species. In this book, a prodigious amount of previously uncollected information is presented in a straightforward form. The organization of the book is alphabetical by genus, and, within each genus, alphabetically by Linnean species name. In some cases, very little is known about a species. In other cases, the amount of available information is enormous, and has been distilled to summary form. The volume is intended as a straightforward assemblage of material. It points the way toward, but is not intended to provide, a synthetic or theoretical big picture.  The book is intended as a general reference work. Biologists, wildlife managers, mammalogists, conservationists, students, and carnivore specialists will find here information assembled nowhere else. Over 600 sources are included in the bibliography, so the book also serves as an entry to the literature for those seeking more technical or specialized knowledge. Naturalists and outdoorsmen will also enjoy discovering the particulars of familiar and unfamiliar canid species.

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Data, Models, and Evaluation of the Arithmetic Programs

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Computer-Assisted Instruction at Stanford, 196668: Data, Models, and Evaluation of the Arithmetic Programs provides an analysis and assessment of the arithmetic programs in computer-assisted instruction at Stanford for the years 196668. This book focuses on behavioral data, the application of models to these data, and an assessment of the effectiveness of the programs.  Organized into two parts encompassing nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the drill-and-practice program that was run in a large number of elementary schools in California, Mississippi, and Kentucky. This text then explains the application of models to individual student behavior. Other chapters consider the analysis of student performance in computer-assisted instructions. This book discusses as well the application of automation models to some area of the same data of the drill-and-practice program. The final chapter deals with individual student analyses.  This book is a valuable resource for psychologists, sociologists, and research workers.

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General Equilibrium Models of Monetary Economies

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Studies in the Static Foundations of Monetary Theory

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General Equilibrium Models of Monetary Economies: Studies in the Static Foundations of Monetary Theory is a collection of essays that addresses the integration of the theory of money and the theory of value by using a mathematical general equilibrium theory. The papers discuss monetary theory, microeconomic theory, bilateral trade, transactions costs, intertemporal allocation, and the value of money. The Arrow-Debreu model of Walrasian general equilibrium theory provides a framework to represent money as a device for facilitating trade among economic agents without the use of money as a medium of exchange and as a store of value. The essays analyze the rationale for using a medium of exchange, for using a store of value, and for holding of idle balances in equilibrium. The essays show that by explicit modeling of the structure and difficulties of trade, a powerful class of models which deny money and finance a role in the economy, has by itself shown to have provided the foundation for the structures of trade. The collection will prove helpful for economists, statistician, mathematicians, students or professors of economics and business.

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Limits to Action: The Allocation of Individual Behavior presents the ideas and methods in the study of how individual organisms allocate their limited time and energy and the consequences of such allocation.   The book is a survey of individual resource allocation, emphasizing the relationships of the concepts of utility, reinforcement, and Darwinian fitness. The chapters are arranged beginning with plants and general evolutionary considerations, through animal behavior in nature and laboratory, and ending with human behavior in suburb and institution. Topics discussed include operant conditioning; the principle of diminishing returns; and issues in relation to mating strategies.  Biologists, sociologists, economists, and psychologists will find the book interesting.

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Foundations of Biophysics serves as an introductory textbook for physical science students to the principles and problems of the life sciences.  The book offers to teach physical science students the basic vocabulary of the life sciences and the applications of physics and chemistry to a wide range of biological problems. Topics presented in the book include biological vocabulary and concepts; biological functions at the molecular level of each biological system; and commonly used tools of experimental biophysics.  Students in the field of physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering will find the book a good learning material.

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Muscle and Nonmuscle Motility, Volume 2 is concerned with the study of the contraction and the mechanism of movement of muscle cells in a variety of biological systems.  The volume provides a view of some nonmuscle motility subjects. The chapters contained in the book deal with the cytoskeletal structure of cells, including the red blood cell; the role of clathrin in cell function; mechanochemical properties of ciliary movement; and the regulation of cell surface structure and function. Platelet motility, microtubular assembly, actin in nonmuscle cells, intermediate filament assembly and function, and cytoskeletal proteins are tackled as well.  Cell biologists and biochemists will find the book a valuable source of information.

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Novel Approaches to Cancer Chemotherapy compiles theories in tumor biology, emphasizing their potential use in developing therapeutic approaches to cancer therapy.  This book emphasizes the unique property of a cancer cell and describes in detail how a novel therapeutic approach can be developed. This compilation consists of 11 chapters. Chapters 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7 deal with emerging areas of cancer therapy, such as the use of interferon, monoclonal antibodies, liposomes, lymphokines, and immunomodulators. The rest of the chapters cover some of the biochemical and enzyme targets in cancer cells, such as polyamines, prostaglandin, thromboxane, leukotrienes, 5a-reductase, aromatase, cell membrane glycoproteins, and sodium flux. The developments in relation to cancer therapy are mentioned in chapters dealing with biochemical approaches.  This book is valuable to biologists, biochemists, immunologists, and molecular biologists intending to exploit the unique properties of cancer cells.

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Generative Modeling for Computer Graphics and Cad

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Symbolic Shape Design Using Interval Analysis

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Generative Modeling for Computer Graphics and Cad: Symbolic Shape Design Using Interval Analysis presents a symbolic approach to shape representation that is useful to the CAD/CAM and computer graphics communities.  This book discusses the kinds of operators useful in a geometric modeling system, including arithmetic operators, vector and matrix operators, integration, differentiation, constraint solution, and constrained minimization. Associated with each operator are several methods that compute properties about the parametric functions represented with the operators.  This text also elaborates how numerous rendering and analytical operations can be supported with only three methodsevaluation of the parametric function at a point, symbolic differentiation of the parametric function, and evaluation of an inclusion function for the parametric function.  This publication is intended for people working in the area of computational geometry who are interested in a robust class of algorithms for manipulating shapes and those who want to know how human beings can specify and manipulate shape.

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Lifestyle and Social Structure: Concepts, Definitions, Analyses is devoted the relationship between lifestyle and social structure. The book begins by constructing a meaningful concept of lifestyle in order to understand and model this relationship. The general formulation of the concept hinges on the descriptive word style, defined as ""any distinctive, and therefore recognizable way in which an act is performed or an artifact made or ought to be performed and made.""   After developing the implications of the definition, lifestyle is defined, by analogy, as ""any distinctive, and therefore recognizable mode of living."" The notion of social structure is then introduced, arguing that structural differentiation engenders lifestyle differentiation. The remainder of the work is concerned primarily with the modeling of this relationship using data from the 1972-1973 Survey of Consumer Expenditures, and with the concept of stylistic unity. Key topics discussed include the relationship between the theory of lifestyle differentiation and modern economic utility theory; psychographic notions of lifestyle; and the relationships between lifestyle and other key sociological concepts (stratification, alienation).   The concept of lifestyle should be of interest to a broad range of applied and theoretical researchers.

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Muscle and Nonmuscle Motility, Volume 1 is concerned with the study of the contraction and the mechanism of movement of muscle cells in a variety of biological systems.  The volume examines contractility and cell structure and surfaces. The chapters contained in the book deal with the organizational aspects of muscle structure and muscle contraction.  Cell biologists and biochemists will find the book a valuable source of information.

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Innovative Approaches to Mental Health Evaluation

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Innovative Approaches to Mental Health Evaluation is a collection of papers that provides a broad range of ideas, methods, and techniques in program administration and evaluation in the field of mental health.  The book is organized into 2 sections. Part I, consisting of 8 chapters, presents the necessary evaluation strategies and approaches that effectively address the important mental health issues for the 1980s such as prevention programs; the linking of health and mental health delivery systems; accountability in assuring quality of services; deinstitutionalizing the chronically mentally ill; and providing for greater local participation in mental health program management. Part II, surveys the promising evaluation methods, approaches, and relevant issues that are emerging in the new organizational and political environment of the mental health system.  The book will be of good use to mental health administrators, researchers, managers, students, and evaluators.

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Theoretical Methods in Social History examines how generality can be wrested from historical facts.    The book explores the various aspects on the application of social theory to historical materials. Chapters delve on various historical issues such as the sociological bias of Trotsky and De Tocqueville; functional analysis of class relations in Smelser and Bendix; and the analogy between intellectual productions.  Historians and philosophers will find the book interesting.

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Open Systems Handbook, Second Edition provides an easy-to-read, thorough, and management-oriented explanation of the promises, dangers, and realities of open systems.  This edition describes specific products and various open systems that have been updated to reflect the events of the mid-1990s. Emerging open technologies that either didn't exist in 1991 or were in their infancy, such as client/server middleware, are also covered.  Topics include the definitions and history of open systems, open systems components, end user interaction points, and elements of open systems software. The general communications hardware, visual application development, models of integration, and advantages of open systems are likewise elaborated.  This publication is a good reference for computing professionals and engineers working on open systems.

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Evaluating the Welfare State: Social and Political Perspectives together with its companion Social Policy Evaluation: An Economic Perspective is the outgrowth of an international and interdisciplinary conference on policy evaluation held at Tel Aviv University in December 1980. The conference brought together scholars from the fields of economics, sociology, political science, social work, and administration. The papers presented at this conference approached the welfare state and social policy evaluation from a number of different theoretical and methodological perspectives. A selection of these papers has been included in this volume.  The book is divided into five parts. Part I is devoted to the political antecedents and consequences of the welfare state and to the social and psychological processes that affect the development of social policies and reactions to them. Part II analyzes the discontinuity between policies that are the subject of public debate, and the programs that affect the well-being of populations and the distribution of resources. The chapters in Parts III and IV present current developments in the practice of evaluation and explore the frontiers of this field. Part V focuses on the relationship of evaluation to policymaking. This involves examinations of the culture of political debates, the nature of choices facing policymakers, and the impact of research on policy.

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9th Conference of the Gesellschaft fur Biologische Chemie

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Regulation of Gluconeogenesis documents the proceedings of 9th Conference of the Gesellschaft fur Biologische Chemie. This meeting was first planned as a continuation of a former Conference of the Gesellschaft fur Biologische Chemie on ""Stoffwechsel der isoliert perfundierten Leber"". However, the organizers of the present meeting decided that it seemed far more reasonable to restrict the subject to a special biochemical problem than to a technical procedure which had not changed very much during the last years.  This volume contains 24 chapters and begins with a paper that identifies the substrates, activators, and inhibitors which may influence the rate of reaction of pyruvate carboxylase from liver. Other papers deal with topics such as purification and properties of pyruvate carboxylase from rat liver; the location of pyruvate carboxylase in mitochondria; effects of quinolinic acid on the free and total nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotides of rat liver; and effects of biguanides on gluconeogenesis in rats and guinea pigs.

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Anxiety: Current Trends in Theory and Research, Volume I, seeks to facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of anxiety phenomena. This volume emerged from a symposium on Anxiety: Current Trends in Theory and Research held at Florida State University in the spring of 1970. The symposium brought together persons who have made important contributions to the understanding of anxiety phenomena and provided them with an opportunity to react to each other's ideas. One of the main goals of the symposium was to stimulate confrontation among opposing views with the expectation that this would, at least, provide clarification of terminology and eliminate the semantic confusion plaguing the field.  The volume is organized into three parts. Part I presents an overview of the unique theoretical perspective and research objectives with which each contributor has approached the topic of anxiety. It also provides background information and historical perspective for the reader with limited familiarity with this area. Part II contains papers focusing on the nature and measurement of anxiety. Part III deals with the neurophysiological and biochemical aspects of anxiety.  This work is intended primarily for psychologists and students of psychology, but it should be of interest to any behavioral or medical scientist concerned with a more comprehensive understanding of personality and psychopathology.