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With an ever increasing demand for seafood that cannot be met by capture fisheries alone, growing pressure is being placed on aquaculture production. However, infectious diseases are a major constraint. Infectious disease in aquaculture: prevention and control brings together a wealth of recent research on this problem and its effective management.

Part one considers the innate and adaptive immune responses seen in fish and shellfish together with the implications of these responses for disease control. The specific immune response of molluscs and crustaceans is considered in depth, along with the role of stress in resistance to infection. Advances in disease diagnostics, veterinary drugs and vaccines are discussed in part two, with quality assurance, the use and effects of antibiotics and anti-parasitic drugs in aquaculture, and developments in vaccination against fish are explored. Part three focuses on the development of specific pathogen-free populations and novel approaches for disease control. Specific pathogen free shrimp stocks, developments in genomics and the use of bacteria and bacteriophages as biological agents for disease control are explored, before the management and use of natural antimicrobial compounds.

With its distinguished editor and expert team of contributors, Infectious disease in aquaculture: prevention and control provides managers of aquaculture facilities and scientists working on disease in aquaculture with a comprehensive and systematic overview of essential research in the prevention and control of infectious disease.Collates a wealth of recent research on infectious disease and its effective management in aquaculture productionConsiders the innate and adaptive immune responses seen in fish and shelfish and the implications for disease controlDiscusses advances in disease diagnostics, veterinary drugs and vaccines

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From long-standing worries regarding the use of lead and asbestos to recent research into carcinogenic issues related to the use of plastics in construction, there is growing concern regarding the potential toxic effects of building materials on health. Toxicity of building materials provides an essential guide to this important problem and its solutions.

Beginning with an overview of the material types and potential health hazards presented by building materials, the book goes on to consider key plastic materials. Materials responsible for formaldehyde and volatile organic compound emissions, as well as semi-volatile organic compounds, are then explored in depth, before a review of wood preservatives and mineral fibre-based building materials. Issues related to the use of radioactive materials and materials that release toxic fumes during burning are the focus of subsequent chapters, followed by discussion of the range of heavy metals, materials prone to mould growth, and antimicrobials. Finally, Toxicity of building materials concludes by considering the potential hazards posed by waste based/recycled building materials, and the toxicity of nanoparticles.

With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Toxicity of building materials is an invaluable tool for all civil engineers, materials researchers, scientists and educators working in the field of building materials.Provides an essential guide to the potential toxic effects of building materials on healthComprehensively examines materials responsible for formaldehyde and volatile organic compound emissions, as well as semi-volatile organic compoundsLater chapters focus on issues surrounding the use of radioactive materials and materials that release toxic fumes during burning

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Fernando Pacheco-Torgal, S Jalali, Aleksandra Fucic

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A biotech manager's handbook lays out - in a simple, straightforward manner - for the manager or would-be entrepreneur the basic principles of running a biotech company. Most managers in biotechnology companies are working in their first company or in their first managerial role. Their expertise and experience in the scientific part of the work can be taken as a given but there is a whole range of other skills to be learned and areas of expertise to come to terms with. Small companies do not have big budgets to hire people or time to become an expert in so many areas. The book starts by outlining the state of the biopharmaceutical industry and goes on to explain the importance of planning (no matter what the size of the company). Succeeding chapters deal with the basics of intellectual property, perspectives from a university technology transfer office and how to raise some initial funding from an investor and entrepreneur.No other 'how to' manual exists for this sectorWritten by a range of expert professionals in each area, all in one bookIs the only 'bench to bedside' book covering the whole spectrum of development

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Current and Future Advances Driving the Strongest Growth Area in the Pharmaceutical Industry

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The field of antibody engineering has become a vital and integral part of making new, improved next generation therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, of which there are currently more than 300 in clinical trials across several therapeutic areas. Therapeutic antibody engineering examines all aspects of engineering monoclonal antibodies and analyses the effect that various genetic engineering approaches will have on future candidates. Chapters in the first part of the book provide an introduction to monoclonal antibodies, their discovery and development and the fundamental technologies used in their production. Following chapters cover a number of specific issues relating to different aspects of antibody engineering, including variable chain engineering, targets and mechanisms of action, classes of antibody and the use of antibody fragments, among many other topics. The last part of the book examines development issues, the interaction of human IgGs with non-human systems, and cell line development, before a conclusion looking at future issues affecting the field of therapeutic antibody engineering.Goes beyond the standard engineering issues covered by most books and delves into structure-function relationshipsIntegration of knowledge across all areas of antibody engineering, development, and marketingDiscusses how current and future genetic engineering of cell lines will pave the way for much higher productivity

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Materials Science and Applications in Sensors, Electronics and Photonics

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Whilst printed films are currently used in varied devices across a wide range of fields, research into their development and properties is increasingly uncovering even greater potential. Printed films provides comprehensive coverage of the most significant recent developments in printed films and their applications.Materials and properties of printed films are the focus of part one, beginning with a review of the concepts, technologies and materials involved in their production and use. Printed films as electrical components and silicon metallization for solar cells are discussed, as are conduction mechanisms in printed film resistors, and thick films in packaging and microelectronics. Part two goes on to review the varied applications of printed films in devices. Printed resistive sensors are considered, as is the role of printed films in capacitive, piezoelectric and pyroelectric sensors, mechanical micro-systems and gas sensors. The applications of printed films in biosensors, actuators, heater elements, varistors and polymer solar cells are then explored, followed by a review of screen printing for the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells and laser printed micro- and meso-scale power generating devices.With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Printed films is a key text for anyone working in such fields as microelectronics, fuel cell and sensor technology in both industry and academia.Provides a comprehensive analysis of the most significant recent developments in printed films and their applicationsReviews the concepts, properties, technologies and materials involved in the production and use of printed filmsAnalyses the varied applications of printed films in devices, including printed restrictive sensors for physical quantities and printed thick film mechanical micro-systems (MEMS), among others

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Computer Vision Technology in the Food and Beverage Industries

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The use of computer vision systems to control manufacturing processes and product quality has become increasingly important in food processing. Computer vision technology in the food and beverage industries reviews image acquisition and processing technologies and their applications in particular sectors of the food industry.Part one provides an introduction to computer vision in the food and beverage industries, discussing computer vision and infrared techniques for image analysis, hyperspectral and multispectral imaging, tomographic techniques and image processing. Part two goes on to consider computer vision technologies for automatic sorting, foreign body detection and removal, automated cutting and image analysis of food microstructure. Current and future applications of computer vision in specific areas of the food and beverage industries are the focus of part three. Techniques for quality control of meats are discussed alongside computer vision in the poultry, fish and bakery industries, including techniques for grain quality evaluation, and the evaluation and control of fruit, vegetable and nut quality.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Computer vision technology in the food and beverage industries is an indispensible guide for all engineers and researchers involved in the development and use of state-of-the-art vision systems in the food industry.Discusses computer vision and infrared techniques for image analysis, hyperspectral and multispectral imaging, tomographic techniques and image processingConsiders computer vision technologies for automatic sorting, foreign body detection and removal, automated cutting and image analysis of food microstructureExamines techniques for quality control and computer vision in various industries including the poultry, fish and bakery, fruit, vegetable and nut industry

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10th International Conference on Vibrations in Rotating Machinery

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This book presents the papers from the 10th International Conference on Vibrations in Rotating Machinery. This conference, first held in 1976, has defined and redefined the state-of-the-art in the many aspects of vibration encountered in rotating machinery. Distinguished by an excellent mix of industrial and academic participation achieved, these papers present the latest methods of theoretical, experimental and computational rotordynamics, alongside the current issues of concern in the further development of rotating machines. Topics are aimed at propelling forward the standards of excellence in the design and operation of rotating machines.Presents latest methods of theoretical, experimental and computational rotordynamicsCovers current issues of concern in the further development of rotating machines

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Functional Nanofibers and their Applications

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Nanofibers are a flexible material with a huge range of potential applications in such areas as technical textiles. Functional nanofibers and their applications summarises key trends in the processing and applications of these exciting materials.

Part one focuses on the types and processing of nanofibers. Beginning with an overview of the principles and techniques involved in their production, it goes on to review core-shell, aligned, porous and gradient nanofibers. The processing and application of composite functional nanofibers, carbon and polymer nanofiber reinforcements in polymer matrix composites, and inorganic functional nanofibers are then explored in detail, before part one concludes with a consideration of surface functionalization.

A wide variety of functional nanofiber applications are then reviewed in part two. Following consideration of their use in filtration, drug delivery and tissue engineering applications, the role of functional nanofibers in lithium-ion batteries, sensor applications, protective clothing, food processing and water purification is explored. Discussion of their use in sound absorption, electromagnetic wave attenuation and biomedical and microelectronic applications follows, before a final discussion of future trends.

With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Functional nanofibers and applications is a key text for all those working in the fields of technical textiles, as well as areas using nanofibers such as composites, biomaterials and microelectronics.Summarises key trends in the processing and applications of functional nanofibres in areas such as technical textilesProvides an overview of the principles and techniques involved in the production of nanofibres and reviews core-shell, aligned, porous and gradient nanofibresConsiders the use of nanofibres in filtration, drug delivery and tissue engineering applications and the role of functional nanofibres in lithium-ion batteries, sensor applications, protective clothing, food processing and water purification

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Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Handbook

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Electrical and electronic waste is a growing problem as volumes are increasing fast. Rapid product innovation and replacement, especially in information and communication technologies (ICT), combined with the migration from analog to digital technologies and to flat-screen televisions and monitors has resulted in some electronic products quickly reaching the end of their life. The EU directive on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) aims to minimise WEEE by putting organizational and financial responsibility on producers and distributors for collection, treatment, recycling and recovery of WEEE. Therefore all stakeholders need to be well-informed about their WEEE responsibilities and options. While focussing on the EU, this book draws lessons for policy and practice from all over the world.Part one introduces the reader to legislation and initiatives to manage WEEE. Part two discusses technologies for the refurbishment, treatment and recycling of waste electronics. Part three focuses on electronic products that present particular challenges for recyclers. Part four explores sustainable design of electronics and supply chains. Part five discusses national and regional WEEE management schemes and part six looks at corporate WEEE management strategies.With an authoritative collection of chapters from an international team of authors, Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) handbook is designed to be used as a reference by policy-makers, producers and treatment operators in both the developed and developing world.Draws lessons for waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) policy and practice from around the worldDiscusses legislation and initiatives to manage WEEE, including global e-waste initiatives, EU legislation relating to electronic waste, and eco-efficiency evaluation of WEEE take-back systemsSections cover technologies for refurbishment, treatment and recycling of waste, sustainable design of electronics and supply chains, national and regional waste management schemes, and corporate WEEE management strategies

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Vannessa Goodship, Ab Stevels, Jaco Huisman

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Cable Engineering for Local Area Networks

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This book provides a complete guide to the design, procurement, installation and testing procedures for local area networks (LANs) using both copper and optical fibre cable technology. International, European and American LAN and premises cabling standards are explained and compared including the latest Category 5, Category 6 and Category 7 proposals. The latest standards in testing, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) compliance and fire safety are also covered in detail.

By describing the theory as well as the practical issues involved, this book is an unrivalled source of information for those who need to understand, at a time of very rapid change, the complexities of today's office-based LANs.

British courses such as City and Guilds course 3466, Copper and Optical Communications
C & G courses in Telecommunications and Electronics Engineering 2720, 2760 and 3478
NVQ and SNVQ courses on copper and fibre communications technology, levels one to five
Future qualifications to be developed by the European Institute of Telecommunications Engineering and the European Intelligent buildings group
American Certified Electronics Technician, Certified Fiber Optics Installer, Certified Network Systems Technician and Telecommunications Electronics Technician courses
BICSI courses such as RCDD where the book's coverage of European and international standards is very useful
BTEC and BSc courses on electronic and communications engineering

In addition it is a valuable resource for IT managers, consultants, cable installation engineers and system designers who need to understand the technology and physics behind the subject and the huge range of standards that apply to cable engineering

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Asia is increasingly taking on a leading role in the fields of Good Clinical Practice (GCP) and ethics, two areas that are central to clinical research practices worldwide. Clinical research in Asia examines the evolution of these key sectors in the Asian countries where the greatest developments are taking place, offering valuable perspectives on a wide range of issues affecting clinical research. Following an introduction that provides an overview of the topic and its strengths and weaknesses, each chapter of the book is devoted to clinical research in a specific country, focusing on issues including the history and evolution of clinical research, clinical trials and regulatory aspects. The chapters also offer a perspective on future trends in clinical research in each country. The book concludes with a discussion of the importance of political, economic, socio-cultural, technological, legal and environmental factors (PESTLE analysis).Analysis from a leading and highly respected professional in the sectorAn overview of country-specific regulatory environmentsDiscussion of challenges and solutions for clinical research

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Understanding and Improving the Urban Environment

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Global populations have grown rapidly in recent decades, leading to ever increasing demands for shelter, resources, energy and utilities. Coupled with the worldwide need to achieve lower impact buildings and conservation of resources, the need to achieve sustainability in urban environments has never been more acute. This book critically reviews the fundamental issues and applied science, engineering and technology that will enable all cities to achieve a greater level of metropolitan sustainability, and assist nations in meeting the needs of their growing urban populations.

Part one introduces key issues related to metropolitan sustainability, including the use of both urban metabolism and benefit cost analysis. Part two focuses on urban land use and the environmental impact of the built environment. The urban heat island effect, redevelopment of brownfield sites and urban agriculture are discussed in depth, before part three goes on to explore urban air pollution and emissions control. Urban water resources, reuse and management are explored in part four, followed by a study of urban energy supply and management in part five. Solar, wind and bioenergy, the role of waste-to-energy systems in the urban infrastructure, and smart energy for cities are investigated. Finally, part six considers sustainable urban development, transport and planning.

With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Metropolitan sustainability is an essential resource for low-impact building engineers, sustainability consultants and architects, town and city planners, local/municipal authorities, and national and non-governmental bodies, and provides a thorough overview for academics of all levels in this field.Critically reviews the fundamental issues and applied science, engineering and technology that will enable all cities to achieve a greater level of metropolitan sustainabilityWill assist nations in meeting the needs of their growing urban populationsChapters discuss urban land use, the environmental impact of the build environment, the urban heat island effect, urban air pollution and emissions control, among other topics

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An International Guide to Currency Options, Trading and Practice

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Since the first edition of Foreign Exchange Options in 1993, trading in foreign exchange options has undergone rapid expansion and now accounts for a daily turnover of some $100 billion world-wide. This revised and expanded second edition takes into account recent changes in both market practice and regulatory requirements and contains many new explanatory diagrams and practical examples.As with the first edition, the emphasis is on practicality, taking the reader through the basics, clarifying jargon when and where appropriate. This book will be invaluable for accountants, auditors, experienced practitioners and those entering the world of currency options for the first time.The benefits of using options to hedge foreign exchange riskDetailed examination of both the OTC market and the main exchange listingSpecific coverage of pricing, trading risk and market practice

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Herbs and spices are among the most versatile ingredients in food processing, and alongside their sustained popularity as flavourants and colourants they are increasingly being used for their natural preservative and potential health-promoting properties. An authoritative new edition in two volumes, Handbook of herbs and spices provides a comprehensive guide to the properties, production and application of a wide variety of commercially-significant herbs and spices.

Volume 2 begins with a discussion of such issues as the medicinal uses of herbs and spices and their sustainable production. Herbs and spices as natural antimicrobials in foods and the effect of their natural antioxidants on the shelf life of food are explored, before the book goes on to look in depth at individual herbs and spices, ranging from ajowan to tamarind. Each chapter provides detailed coverage of a single herb or spice, and begins by considering origins, chemical composition and classification. The cultivation, production and processing of the specific herb or spice is then discussed in detail, followed by analysis of the main uses, functional properties and toxicity.

With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, the two volumes of the new edition of Handbook of herbs and spices are an essential reference for manufacturers using herbs and spices in their products. They also provide valuable information for nutritionists and academic researchers.Provides a comprehensive guide to the properties, production and application of a wide variety of commercially-significant herbs and spicesBegins with a discussion of such issues as the medicinal uses of herbs and spices and their sustainable productionExplores herbs and spices as natural antimicrobials in foods and the effect of their natural antioxidants on the shelf life of food

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The structural materials used in airframe and propulsion systems influence the cost, performance and safety of aircraft, and an understanding of the wide range of materials used and the issues surrounding them is essential for the student of aerospace engineering.Introduction to aerospace materials reviews the main structural and engine materials used in aircraft, helicopters and spacecraft in terms of their production, properties, performance and applications.The first three chapters of the book introduce the reader to the range of aerospace materials, focusing on recent developments and requirements. Following these introductory chapters, the book moves on to discuss the properties and production of metals for aerospace structures, including chapters covering strengthening of metal alloys, mechanical testing, and casting, processing and machining of aerospace metals. The next ten chapters look in depth at individual metals including aluminium, titanium, magnesium, steel and superalloys, as well as the properties and processing of polymers, composites and wood. Chapters on performance issues such as fracture, fatigue and corrosion precede a chapter focusing on inspection and structural health monitoring of aerospace materials. Disposal/recycling and materials selection are covered in the final two chapters.With its comprehensive coverage of the main issues surrounding structural aerospace materials,Introduction to aerospace materials is essential reading for undergraduate students studying aerospace and aeronautical engineering. It will also be a valuable resource for postgraduate students and practising aerospace engineers.Reviews the main structural and engine materials used in aircraft, helicopters and space craft in terms of their properties, performance and applicationsIntroduces the reader to the range of aerospace materials, focusing on recent developments and requirements, and discusses the properties and production of metals for aerospace structuresChapters look in depth at individual metals including aluminium, titanium, magnesium, steel and superalloys

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Volume 1: Types, Properties and Factors Affecting Breeding and Cultivation

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Growing awareness of environmental issues has led to increasing demand for goods produced from natural products, including natural fibres. The two-volume Handbook of natural fibres is an indispensible tool in understanding the diverse properties and applications of these important materials. Volume 1: Types, properties and factors affecting breeding and cultivation is an essential guide to a wide range of natural fibres, and highlights key techniques for their improvement.

Part one reviews key types and fundamental properties of natural textile fibres. The production, identification and testing of a range of cotton, bast, silk and wool fibres are discussed, alongside bioengineered natural textile fibres. Part two goes on to explore the improvement of natural fibre properties and production through breeding and cultivation, beginning with a discussion of fibrous flax and cotton. Improved natural fibre production through the prevention of fungal growth is explored, along with the use of genetic engineering and biotechnology to enhance desirable characteristics. Finally, the wider impact of natural textile production is discussed, using wild silk enterprise programs as an example.

With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, the two volumes of the Handbook of natural fibres are essential texts for professionals and academics in textile science and technology.Provides an essential guide to a wide range of natural fibres and highlights key techniques for their improvementReviews key types and fundamental properties of natural textile fibres, addressing the production, identification and testing of a range of cotton, bast, silk and wool fibresExplores the improvement of natural fibre properties and production through breeding and cultivation, beginning with a discussion of fibrous flax and cotton

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The use of mathematical modelling and computer simulation can vastly improve the quality, efficiency and economic success of textile technology. Simulation in textile technology provides a comprehensive review of the key principles, applications and benefits of modelling for textile production.After an introduction to modelling and simulation, Simulation in textile technology goes on to review the principles and applications of the main types of model. The book first discusses neural networks and their applications before going on to explore evolutionary methods and fuzzy logic. It then considers computational fluid dynamics and finite element modelling. The modelling of fibrous structures and yarns are considered in the following chapters, along with wound packages, woven, braided and knitted structures. The book concludes by reviewing the simulation of textile processes and machinery.With its distinguished editor and team of expert contributors, Simulation in textile technology is a valuable reference tool for all those involved in both developing models of textile processes and those applying them to improve process efficiency and product quality.Provides a comprehensive review of the key principles, applications and benefits of modelling for textile productionDiscusses neural networks and their applications before going on to explore evolutionary methods and fuzzy logicConsiders the modelling of fibrous structures and yarns, along with wound packages, woven, braided and knitted structures

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The application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics in cancer research requires an understanding of the many possibilities that NMR metabolomics can offer, as well as of the specific characteristics of the cancer metabolic phenotype and the open questions in cancer research. NMR metabolomics in cancer research presents a detailed account of the NMR spectroscopy methods applied to metabolomics mixture analysis along with a discussion of their advantages and disadvantages. Following an overview of the potential use of NMR metabolomics in cancer research, the book begins with an examination of the cancer metabolic phenotype and experimental methodology, before moving on to cover data pre-processing and data analysis. Chapters in the latter part of the book look at dynamic metabolic profiling, biomarker discovery, and the application of NMR metabolomics for different types of cancer, before a concluding chapter discusses future perspectives in the field.Focused description of NMR spectroscopy needed by cancer biologists who are starting to use metabolomicsCurrent overview of knowledge related to the cancer metabolic phenotype from the perspective of metabolomics applicationsInformation about the best practices in NMR metabolomics experimentation and data preprocessing as applied to different sample types

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Multinational Corporation Subsidiaries in China

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An Empirical Study of Growth and Development Strategy

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This comprehensive study examines the global strategies of multinational corporations (MNCs), the strategic evolution and the categories of their subsidiaries in China based on 150 MNCs. It is the first large-scale project of this nature to be conducted. The research has significant bearing on strategic planning for firms that have set up, are setting up or are planning to establish subsidiaries in China, and the firms that try to compete in the global marketplace. The findings are significant for the West, owing to the current economic crisis and the need to determine if subsidiary expansion strategies will help Western firms achieve the portfolio effects in operations and avoid the harmful impact of macro events such as the existing global financial crisis. Additional empirical findings, analysis, discussions, and suggestions for future studies are also presented.Systemically reviews and summarizes the latest theories about MNCs subsidiaries, analyzing the four main streams of research schoolsUses first-hand data from MNCs subsidiaries of more than 20 industries from more than 10 countries including: USA, Japan, South Korea, and the European Union by way of two rounds of studies in 2001 and 2006Analyzes strategic evolvement models and evolution trends of subsidiaries of MNCs in China

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Jinghua Zhao, Jifu Wang, Vipin Gupta, Tim Hudson

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Functional Materials for Sustainable Energy Applications

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Global demand for low cost, efficient and sustainable energy production is ever increasing. Driven by recent discoveries and innovation in the science and technology of materials, applications based on functional materials are becoming increasingly important. Functional materials for sustainable energy applications provides an essential guide to the development and application of these materials in sustainable energy production.

Part one reviews functional materials for solar power, including silicon-based, thin-film, and dye sensitized photovoltaic solar cells, thermophotovoltaic device modelling and photoelectrochemical cells. Part two focuses on functional materials for hydrogen production and storage. Functional materials for fuel cells are then explored in part three where developments in membranes, catalysts and membrane electrode assemblies for polymer electrolyte and direct methanol fuel cells are discussed, alongside electrolytes and ion conductors, novel cathodes, anodes, thin films and proton conductors for solid oxide fuel cells. Part four considers functional materials for demand reduction and energy storage, before the book concludes in part five with an investigation into computer simulation studies of functional materials.

With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Functional materials for sustainable energy applications is an indispensable tool for anyone involved in the research, development, manufacture and application of materials for sustainable energy production, including materials engineers, scientists and academics in the rapidly developing, interdisciplinary field of sustainable energy.An essential guide to the development and application of functional materials in sustainable energy productionReviews functional materials for solar powerFocuses on functional materials for hydrogen production and storage, fuel cells, demand reduction and energy storage

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J A Kilner, S J Skinner, S J C Irvine, P P Edwards