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Libraries and Archives analyses the facts and arguments behind an increasing debate as to what extent libraries and archives are fulfilling the same missions. Despite the fact that they have different legal statuses, legal frameworks, and the work-flow looks very different, some politicians and bureaucrats think that there is much to gain if the two institutions work closely together or even merge. To understand the present situation it is important to have an understanding of the role of libraries and archives and their shared history. Therefore the development up to the present day is analysed in the first chapters of the book. The book stimulates debate and brings forth valuable facts about the topic. The main focus is on national libraries and national and regional archives from an international point of view.Offers a simple but comprehensive background to explain key issues behind the current debateProvides librarians and archivists with argumentsThe author has more than 40 years experience on the national and international archive and library scene

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Managing Intellectual Capital in Libraries

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In the knowledge economy, professionals have to make decisions about non-tangible, non-monetary, and largely invisible resources. Information professionals need to understand the potential uses, contributions, value, structure, and creation of broadly intangible intellectual capital in libraries. In order to fully realize intellectual capital in libraries, new practices and skills are required for library management practitioners and researchers.Managing Intellectual Capital in Libraries provides research advances, guidelines, methods and techniques for managing intellectual capital in a library environment, and includes analyses and case studies. This book includes a foreword by Anne Woodsworth and is structured into seven chapters, covering: libraries in the knowledge economy; worlds of production and intellectual capital utilization in libraries; identifying and categorizing intellectual capital; measuring libraries intellectual capital; financial valuation and reporting of intellectual capital in libraries; and survival analysis for libraries intellectual capital resources. The book concludes with a summary, and turns the reader towards future research.Practical methods and techniques are outlined that can be applied to real-life library situations, as they have been extensively applied in other economic sectorsProvides illustrative examples and case studies for exploring and explaining the meaning of specific intangible assets and resources in libraries, such as user oriented intangible assets, library system automation and technology, library location, human capital, external relations and moreConsiders libraries as intellectual capital within organizations and broader socioeconomic systems

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Mathematical modelling is often spoken of as a way of life, referring to habits of mind and to dependence on the power of mathematics to describe, explain, predict and control real phenomena. This book aims to encourage teachers to provide opportunities for students to model a variety of real phenomena appropriately matched to students mathematical backgrounds and interests from early stages of mathematical education. Habits, misconceptions, and mindsets about mathematics can present obstacles to university students acceptance of a models-and-modelling perspective at this stage of mathematics education. Without prior experience in building, interpreting and applying mathematical models, many students may never come to view and regard modelling as a way of life. The book records presentations at the ICTMA 11 conference held in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 2003.Examines mathematical modelling as a way of life, referring to habits of mind and dependence on the power of mathematics to describe, explain, predict and control real phenomenaEncourages teachers to provide students with opportunities to model a variety of real phenomena appropriately matched to students mathematical backgrounds and interests from early stages of mathematical educationRecords presentations at the ICTMA 11 conference held in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 2003

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Functional Ingredients from Algae for Foods and Nutraceuticals

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Algae have a long history of use as foods and for the production of food ingredients. There is also increasing interest in their exploitation as sources of bioactive compounds for use in functional foods and nutraceuticals. Functional ingredients from algae for foods and nutraceuticals reviews key topics in these areas, encompassing both macroalgae (seaweeds) and microalgae.After a chapter introducing the concept of algae as a source of biologically active ingredients for the formulation of functional foods and nutraceuticals, part one explores the structure and occurrence of the major algal components. Chapters discuss the chemical structures of algal polysaccharides, algal lipids, fatty acids and sterols, algal proteins, phlorotannins, and pigments and minor compounds. Part two highlights biological properties of algae and algal components and includes chapters on the antioxidant properties of algal components, anticancer agents derived from marine algae, anti-obesity and anti-diabetic activities of algae, and algae and cardiovascular health. Chapters in part three focus on the extraction of compounds and fractions from algae and cover conventional and alternative technologies for the production of algal polysaccharides. Further chapters discuss enzymatic extraction, subcritical water extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction of bioactives from algae, and ultrasonic- and microwave-assisted extraction and modification of algal components. Finally, chapters in part four explore applications of algae and algal components in foods, functional foods and nutraceuticals including the design of healthier foods and beverages containing whole algae, prebiotic properties of algae and algae-supplemented products, algal hydrocolloids for the production and delivery of probiotic bacteria, and cosmeceuticals from algae.Functional ingredients from algae for foods and nutraceuticals is a comprehensive resource for chemists, chemical engineers and medical researchers with an interest in algae and those in the algaculture, food and nutraceutical industries interested in the commercialisation of products made from algae.Provides an overview of the major compounds in algae, considering both macroalgae (seaweeds) and microalgaeDiscusses methods for the extraction of bioactives from algaeDescribes the use of algae and products derived from them in the food and nutraceutical industries

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Academic Branch Libraries in Changing Times

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Are academic branch libraries going to be extinct in the near future? In these difficult economic times, when collections are digitized rapidly, is there still a need for a separate unit within proximity to the department, school, or college with a subject-based or subject-specific collection? Academic Branch Libraries in Changing Times gives a brief historical overview of the role of a branch academic library. It reviews the current situation from a practitioners point of view and suggests solutions for the future.Provides practical and realistic solutions to academic libraries that they can execute in their daily operating cycleCovers a variety of issues from staffing and public services, through to collections and bibliographic instructionPresents a clear analysis of the current situation and suggestions for the future

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This book outlines how network technology can support, foster and enhance the Knowledge Management, Sharing and Development (KMSD) processes in professional environments through the activation of both formal and informal knowledge flows. Understanding how ICT can be made available to such flows in the knowledge society is a factor that cannot be disregarded and is confirmed by the increasing interest of companies in new forms of software-mediated social interaction. The latter factor is in relation both to the possibility of accelerating internal communication and problem solving processes, and/or in relation to dynamics of endogenous knowledge growth of human resources.The book will focus specifically on knowledge flow (KF) processes occurring within networked communities of professionals (NCP) and the associated virtual community environments (VCE) that foster horizontal dynamics in the management, sharing and development of fresh knowledge. Along this line a further key issue will concern the analysis and evaluation techniques of the impact of Network Technology use on both community KF and NCP performance.The proposal of a taxonomy of Network Technology uses to support formal and informal knowledge flowsAnalyses how Web 2.0 and Web 3.0 technology is deeply modifying the dynamics connected to KF and KMDiscusses dynamics underlying horizontal KF sharing processes within NCP

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Aimed at professionals and trainee professionals within the library and information service (LIS) fields, this book reminds the reader of the frequently ignored communication-gulf between the professional and the layman, and in particular the lack of true communication between LIS professionals and the user. It focuses especially on non-standard users, such as non-native speakers or those with some disability. The author provides accessible examples of good practice, assesses their degree of success and suggests further ways to improve performance in information provision.Written by a poacher turned gamekeeper  an information professional who is also an experienced adult educatorJargon-free and accessible style of deliveryHighlights the human aspects of using libraries, even if this is in a virtual environment

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This text is the primary recommendation of the UK Engineering Council Faculty of Technology to all British universities as of approved standard and quality for use as a text for the Board's own examinations. It introduces the fundamental concepts and principles of statics and stress analysis as the essential reading for first year engineering students. Worked examples from the authors experience reinforce comprehension of key concepts. Tutorial solutions with explanation in extended detail have been provided for students. Key elements include: use of free-body diagrams to help problem solving; coverage of composite materials; torsion of circular and non-circular sections; and the matrix-displacement method.Introduces the fundamental concepts and principles of statistics and stress analysis and applies these concepts and principles to a large number of practical problemsThe primary recommendation of the UK Engineering Council Faculty of Technology to all British universities

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International authorities from Canada, Denmark, England, Germany, Russia and South Africa focus on research on fractal geometry and the best practices in software, theoretical mathematical algorithms, and analysis. They address the rich panoply of manifold applications of fractal geometry available for study and research in science and industry: i.e., remote sensing, mapping, texture creations, pattern recognition, image compression, aeromechanical systems, cryptography and financial analysis. Economically priced, this important and authoritative reference source for research and study cites over 230 references to the literature, copiously illustrated with over 320 diagrams and photographs. The book is published for The Institute of Mathematics and its Applications, co-sponsored with The Institute of Physics and The Institution of Electrical Engineers.Outlines research on fractal geometry and the best practices in software, theoretical mathematical algorithms, and analysisInternational authorities from around the world address the rich panoply of manifold applications of fractal geometry available for study and research in science and industryAddresses applications in key research fields of remote sensing, mapping, texture creations, pattern recognition, image compression, aeromechanical systems, cryptography and financial analysis

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This book covers ethical behaviour in the online classroom. Written for distance education students in higher education worldwide, the book serves as a guide for students in the e-classroom in examining ethical theories and behaviour. A number of salient questions are addressed: What is ethical? What does ethical behaviour consists of in an e-classroom? What are violations of ethics in the e-classroom? Students will have the opportunity to review real-life ethical dilemmas in the online classroom, state their positions by engaging in discussion, and reflect on the repercussions of unethical behaviour. The way students define ethical behaviour can impact how they engage with other online learners: students who view and react differently to the world may learn and respond differently. The book also explores opportunities for applied ethics, definitions of a successful online learner, and critical thinking concepts.Presents real-life scenarios to allow the reader to understand the reality of ethical issues onlineIncludes the critical thinking circle, an original design by the author highlighting external and internal factors that influence adult students ethical decision-making processWritten for the adult student to meet his or her degree goals in the online learning environment

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Digital Dialogue and Community 2.0: After avatars, trolls and puppets explores the communities that use digital platforms, portals, and applications from daily life to build relationships beyond geographical locality and family links. The book provides detailed analyses of how technology realigns the boundaries between connection, consciousness and community. This book reveals that alongside every engaged, nurturing and supportive group are those who are excluded, marginalised, ridiculed, or forgotten. It explores the argument that community is not an inevitable result of communication. Following an introduction from the Editor, the book is then divided into four sections exploring communities and resistance, structures of sharing, professional communication and fandom and consumption. Digital Dialogues and Community 2.0 combines ethnographic methods and professional expertise to open new spaces for thinking about language, identity, and social connections.Provides innovative interdisciplinary research, incorporating Library and Information Management, Internet Studies, Cultural Studies, Media Studies, Disability Studies and Community ManagementOffers a balanced approach between the bottom up and top down development of online communitiesDemonstrates the consequences on the configuration of a community when consumers become producers and their lives and experiences are commodified

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Guide for University and College Lecturers

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Mathematics; Clarifying the distinction between mathematical research and mathematics education, this book offers hundreds of suggestions for making small and medium sized changes for lectures, tutorials, task design, or problem solving. Here is guidance and inspiration for effective mathematics teaching in a modern technological environment, directed to teachers who are unhappy with results or experience, or those now in teacher training or new to the profession. Commencing with a range of student behaviours and attitudes that have struck and amazed tutors and lecturers, Professor Mason offers a wealth of partial diagnoses, followed by specific advice and suggestions for remedial actions.Offers suggestions for making small and medium-sized changes for lectures, tutorials, task design, or problem solvingProvides guidance and inspiration for effective mathematics teaching in a modern technological environmentOffers a wealth of partial diagnoses, followed by specific advice and suggestions for remedial actions

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Extrusion is widely used for the preparation of a variety of foodstuffs including breakfast cereals, snack food and pasta, as well as pet food and animal and aquaculture feed. Extrusion problems solved provides responses to more than 300 frequently asked questions about the process of food extrusion and the techniques and equipment involved, in a practical question-and-answer format.The book is divided into twelve chapters for ease of reference: the opening chapters concentrate on introductory queries and on different components of an extruder system, followed by two chapters that help the reader select the correct type of extruder for a product. Chapters five and six discuss the impact of factors such as protein content and particle size on the extrusion process, while the use of pre-conditioners is discussed in chapter seven. The latter part of the book discusses specific types of extruder and die and knife assemblies, followed by a chapter on issues relating to drying extruded food products. The final chapter offers practical guidelines and rules of thumb for the most common issues relating to food and feed extrusion.Written by two leading experts in the field, Extrusion problems solved is an essential reference source and troubleshooting guide for professionals working in food, pet food and feed extrusion. It will also be a valuable training resource for students of extrusion.Offers practical guidelines and rules of thumb for the most common food and feed extrusion problemsChapters concentrate on introductory queries, types of extruder and components of extruder systems, knife assemblies, the use of pre-conditioners and issues in drying extruded food productsProvides responses to more than 300 frequently asked questions about the processes, equipment and techniques of food extrusion in a practical question-and-answer format

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Library Classification Trends in the 21st Century

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Library Classification Trends in the 21st Century traces development in and around library classification as reported in literature published in the first decade of the 21st century. It reviews literature published on various aspects of library classification, including modern applications of classification such as internet resource discovery, automatic book classification, text categorization, modern manifestations of classification such as taxonomies, folksonomies and ontologies and interoperable systems enabling crosswalk. The book also features classification education and an exploration of relevant topics.Covers all aspects of library classificationIt is the only book that reviews literature published over a decades time span (1999-2009)Well thought chapterization which is in tune with the LIS and classification curriculum

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Building Your Library Career with Web 2.0

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Many professionals in the Library and Information Services (LIS) area are using Web 2.0 to deliver content and reaching out to connect with library users. This book applies these technologies to help shape your own career development plan. Increased online connectivity has opened up new opportunities for professionals to network, learn and grow in their careers; in an online world, where many of us have a digital footprint already, new rules apply. This readable guide builds on the solid foundation of previous library career books. The social networking tools described will supplement the traditional methods of career development. Chapters provide advice and practical examples, showing how to use Web 2.0 technologies in our careers including: ways to enhance your skills; building professional networks; developing a positive online presence.Provides fresh ideas on building networks to survive and thrive in the digital career spaceCovers the risks and opportunities of having an online presenceProvides a Web 2.0 toolkit for independent learning

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Research Measurement, Peer Review, and Citation Analysis

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This book examines the problems, pitfalls and opportunities of different models of assessing research quality, drawing on studies from around the world. Aimed at academics, education officials and public servants, key features include an overview of the argument of whether research should be assessed and how research quality should be determined. Prometheus Assessed? offers a survey of research assessment models in the US, UK, Japan and New Zealand and includes an examination of citation analysis and comparison between the different models.Should research be assessed and what is research quality?Survey of research assessment models in US, UK, Japan and New ZealandExamination of citation analysis

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Cereal Grains for the Food and Beverage Industries

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Cereals are a staple of the human diet and have a significant effect on health. As a result, they are of major significance to the food industry. Cereal grains for the food and beverage industries provides a comprehensive overview of all of the important cereal and pseudo-cereal species, from their composition to their use in food products.The book reviews the major cereal species, starting with wheat and triticale before covering rye, barley and oats. It goes on to discuss other major species such as rice, maize, sorghum and millet, as well as pseudo-cereals such as buckwheat, quinoa and amaranth. Each chapter reviews grain structure, chemical composition (including carbohydrate and protein content), processing and applications in food and beverage products.Cereal grains for the food and beverage industries is an essential reference for academic researchers interested in the area of cereal grains and products. It is also an invaluable reference for professionals in the food and beverage industry working with cereal products, including ingredient manufacturers, food technologists, nutritionists, as well as policy-makers and health care professionals.A comprehensive overview of all of the important cereal and pseudo-cereal speciesChapters review each of the following species: Wheat, Maize, Rice, Barley, Triticale, Rye, Oats, Sorghum, Millet, Teff, Buckwheat, Quinoa and AmaranthReviews grain structure, chemical composition, processing and applications in food and beverage products for each of the considered grains

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Lasers have a wide and growing range of applications in medicine. Lasers for Medical Applications summarises the wealth of recent research on the principles, technologies and application of lasers in diagnostics, therapy and surgery.

Part one gives an overview of the use of lasers in medicine, key principles of lasers and radiation interactions with tissue. To understand the wide diversity and therefore the large possible choice of these devices for a specific diagnosis or treatment, the respective types of the laser (solid state, gas, dye, and semiconductor) are reviewed in part two. Part three describes diagnostic laser methods, for example optical coherence tomography, spectroscopy, optical biopsy, and time-resolved fluorescence polarization spectroscopy. Those methods help doctors to refine the scope of involvement of the particular body part or, for example, to specify the extent of a tumor. Part four concentrates on the therapeutic applications of laser radiation in particular branches of medicine, including ophthalmology, dermatology, cardiology, urology, gynecology, otorhinolaryngology (ORL), neurology, dentistry, orthopaedic surgery and cancer therapy, as well as laser coatings of implants. The final chapter includes the safety precautions with which the staff working with laser instruments must be familiar.

With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, this important book summarizes international achievements in the field of laser applications in medicine in the past 50 years. It provides a valuable contribution to laser medicine by outstanding experts in medicine and engineering.Describes the interaction of laser light with tissueReviews every type of laser used in medicine: solid state, gas, dye and semiconductorDescribes the use of lasers for diagnostics

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This text approaches integration via measure theory as opposed to measure theory via integration, an approach which makes it easier to grasp the subject. Apart from its central importance to pure mathematics, the material is also relevant to applied mathematics and probability, with proof of the mathematics set out clearly and in considerable detail. Numerous worked examples necessary for teaching and learning at undergraduate level constitute a strong feature of the book, and after studying statements of results of the theorems, students should be able to attempt the 300 problem exercises which test comprehension and for which detailed solutions are provided.Approaches integration via measure theory, as opposed to measure theory via integration, making it easier to understand the subjectIncludes numerous worked examples necessary for teaching and learning at undergraduate levelDetailed solutions are provided for the 300 problem exercises which test comprehension of the theorems provided

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Instrumental Assessment of Food Sensory Quality

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Instrumental measurements of the sensory quality of food and drink are of growing importance in both complementing data provided by sensory panels and in providing valuable data in situations in which the use of human subjects is not feasible. Instrumental assessment of food sensory quality reviews the range and use of instrumental methods for measuring sensory quality.

After an introductory chapter, part one goes on to explore the principles and practice of the assessment and analysis of food appearance, flavour, texture and viscosity. Part two reviews advances in methods for instrumental assessment of food sensory quality and includes chapters on food colour measurement using computer vision, gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O), electronic noses and tongues for in vivo food flavour measurement, and non-destructive methods for food texture assessment. Further chapters highlight in-mouth measurement of food quality and emerging flavour analysis methods for food authentication. Finally, chapters in part three focus on the instrumental assessment of the sensory quality of particular foods and beverages including meat, poultry and fish, baked goods, dry crisp products, dairy products, and fruit and vegetables. The instrumental assessment of the sensory quality of wine, beer, and juices is also discussed.

Instrumental assessment of food sensory quality is a comprehensive technical resource for quality managers and research and development personnel in the food industry and researchers in academia interested in instrumental food quality measurement.Reviews the range and use of instrumental methods for measuring sensory qualityExplores the principles and practice of the assessment and analysis of food appearance, flavour, texture and viscosityReviews advances in methods for instrumental assessment of food sensory quality