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Black Liquor Gasification (BLG) is a first of its kind to guide chemical engineers, students, operators of paper plants, technocrats, and entrepreneurs on practical guidelines and a holistic techno-enviro-economic perspective applicable to their future or existing projects based on the treatment of black liquor for energy production. BLG describes the gasification process as a more efficient alternative to current processes for the conversion of black liquor biomass into energy. BLG operates largely in sync with other methods to improve pulp-making efficiency. This book explains how BLG offers a way to generate electricity and to reclaim pulping chemicals from black liquor, and why BLG would replace the Tomlinson recovery boiler for the recovery of spent chemicals and energy.
Describes the utilization of black liquor as a source of energy Provides a detailed account of black liquor gasification processes for the production of energy and chemicals from black liquor Provides guidelines to chemical engineers for the treatment of black liquor

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While solar is the fastest-growing energy source in the world, key concerns around solar powers inherent variability threaten to de-rail that scale-up . Currently, integration of intermittent solar resources into the grid creates added complication to load management, leading some utilities to reject it altogether, while other operators may penalize the producers via rate increases or force solar developers to include storage devices on-site to smooth out power delivery at the point of production. However these efforts at mitigation unfold, it is increasingly clear to parties on all sides that energy storage will be pivotally important in the drive to boost the integration of variable renewable sources into power infrastructures across the globe. Thoughtfully implemented storage technologies can reduce peak demand, improve day-to-day reliability, provide emergency power in case of interrupted generation, reduce consumer and utility costs by easing load balance challenges, decrease emissions, and increase the amount of distributed and renewable energy that makes it into the grid. While energy storage has long been an area of concern for scientists and engineers, there has been no comprehensive single text covering the storage methods available to solar power producers, which leaves a lamentable gap in the literature core to this important field. Solar Energy Storage aims to become the authoritative work on the topic, incorporating contributions from an internationally recognized group of top authors from both industry and academia, focused on providing information from underlying scientific fundamentals to practical applications, and emphasizing the latest technological developments driving this discipline forward.
Expert contributing authors explain current and emergent storage technologies for solar, thermal, and photovoltaic applications Sheds light on the economic status of solar storage facilities, including case studies of the particular challenges that solar energy systems present to remote locations Includes information on: chemical storage mechanisms, mechanical storage tactics, pumped hydro, thermal storage, and storage strategies for systems of all sizesfrom centralized utilities to distributed generation

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The increase of immigrant population in developed countries (mainly in Europe and North America) together with an important increase of international travel worldwide are the two most important causes that have contributed to the introduction and diagnosis of imported/tropical infectious diseases in these countries. These factors have had an important impact in developed countries in both social and economic aspects. Imported Infectious Diseases focuses not only on describing the infections, but also in evaluating the current epidemiology, the economic and social impact and the possibility to apply immunization measures and vaccines. The main purpose of this book is to give an overview of the current most important and frequent imported infectious diseases in developed countries. The first chapter informs about the medical services that are being offered to the immigrants in the main developed countries depending on the legal situation. Following chapters describe the main surveillance systems for these kinds of diseases, mainly in Europe and North America. Finally, remaining chapters contain sections on epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention.

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Micromechanism of Cleavage Fracture of Metals

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A Comprehensive Microphysical Model for Cleavage Cracking in Metals

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In this book the authors focus on the description of the physical nature of cleavage fracture to offer scientists, engineers and students a comprehensive physical model which vividly describes the cleavage microcracking processes operating on the local (microscopic) scale ahead of a defect. The descriptions of the critical event and the criteria for cleavage fracture will instruct readers in how to control the cleavage processes and optimize microstructure to improve fracture toughness of metallic materials.
Physical (mechanical) processes of cleavage fracture operating on the local (microscopic) scale, with the focus on the crack nucleation and crack propagation across the particle/grain and grain/grain boundaries Critical event, i.e., the stage of greatest difficulty in forming the microcrack, which controls the cleavage fracture Criteria triggering the cleavage microcracking with incorporation of the actions of macroscopic loading environment into the physical model Effects of microstructure on the cleavage fracture, including the effects of grain size, second phase particles and boundary Comprehensive description of the brittle fracture emerging in TiAl alloys and TiNi memory alloys

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Autophagy: Cancer, Other Pathologies, Inflammation, Immunity, Infection, and Aging

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Understanding the importance and necessity of the role of autophagy in health and disease is vital for the studies of cancer, aging, neurodegeneration, immunology, and infectious diseases. Comprehensive and up-to-date, this book offers a valuable guide to these cellular processes whilst inciting researchers to explore their potentially important connections.

Volume 5 comprehensively describes the role of autophagy in human diseases, delivering coverage of the antitumor and protumor roles of autophagy; the therapeutic inhibition of autophagy in cancer; and the duality of autophagys effects in various cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative disorders. In spite of the increasing importance of autophagy in the various pathophysiological conditions mentioned above, this process remains underestimated and overlooked. As a consequence, its role in the initiation, stability, maintenance, and progression of these and other diseases remains poorly understood.

This book is an asset to newcomers as a concise overview of the diverse disease implications of autophagy, while serving as an excellent reference for more experienced scientists and clinicians looking to update their knowledge.

Volumes in the Series

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Preparing for Next Generation Security Leader Opportunities

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Preparing for Next Generation Security Leader Opportunities is an excellent resource for the new or existing security leader who wants to prepare him or herself for the future of security. In this 30-minute Proven Practices presentation, narrator Francis DAddario explains that traditional expectations of the security leader will soon merge with new requirements and measured performance. Organizations have come to expect leadership that is able to respond nimbly, communicate care, and galvanize resources.

Also included in this presentation is a list of 16 performance criteria by which next generation security leadership can be measured. These criteria are based on Security Executive Council surveys and research from the Security Leadership Research Institute (SLRI).

Preparing for Next Generation Security Leader Opportunities is a part of Elseviers Security Executive Council Risk Management Portfolio, a collection of real world solutions and "how-to" guidelines that equip executives, practitioners, and educators with proven information for successful security and risk management programs.
The 30-minute, visual PowerPoint presentation with audio narration format is excellent for group learning Prepares security professionals for next generation leadership by identifying the evolving skills they should focus on Lists the performance criteria by which next generation security leaders should be measured

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Handbook of Coastal Disaster Mitigation for Engineers and Planners

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The worlds population is expected to increase to over 8 billion by 2020. About 60% of the total population of the world lives in coastal areas and 65% of the cities with a population of over 2.5 million are located in coastal areas. Written by an international panel of experts in the fields of engineering and risk management, The Handbook of Coastal Disasters Mitigation presents a coherent overview of 10 years of coastal disaster risk management and engineering, during which some of the most relevant events of recent time have taken place, including the Indian Ocean tsunami, hurricanes Katrina and Sandy in the United States or the 2011 Japanese tsunami.
International case studies offer practical lessons on how disaster resilience can be improved in the future Contains tools and techniques for analyzing and managing the risk of coastal disasters Provides engineering measures for mitigating coastal vulnerability to tsunamis, tropical cyclones, and hurricanes Includes crucial tactics for rehabilitation and reconstruction of the infrastructure

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Miguel Esteban, Hiroshi Takagi, Tomoya Shibayama

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Performance, Risk and Competition in the Chinese Banking Industry

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Due to the financial crisis around the world, stability of the banking sector is critical. Several rounds of banking reforms in China have aimed to improve performance and competition, and Performance, Risk and Competition in the Chinese Banking Industry provides a comprehensive analysis of performance, risk, competition and their relationships in Chinese banking industry. The book consists of seven chapters: the first chapter gives an introduction, followed by an overview of the Chinese banking sector in chapter two. Chapter three discusses corporate governance in the Chinese banking sector. The fourth and fifth chapters investigate risk, performance, competition, and their relationships. Chapter six outlines future development of the Chinese banking sector, and finally, chapter seven provides a conclusion. Provides a comprehensive analysis of risk conditions in the Chinese banking sector A detailed investigation on the performance of the Chinese banking sector Examines the state of competition

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The main theme of the book is the globalisation of Chinas markets and Chinese business management in the context of ongoing reform at home and the countrys growing global economic role. The Globalisation of Chinese Business includes contributions relating to a wide range of manufacturing and service sectors, encompassing such areas as foreign investment, state and private enterprise, human resource management, consumer culture and advertising, financial markets and healthcare. Following an introduction by the editor there are four sections, the first focused on the globalisation of Chinese management and the second on the evolution of Chinese management. The remaining sections contain chapters on Chinas growing service sector, growing markets and competition, and healthcare system reform. An epilogue by the editor in the remaining section concludes.
Covers a range of managerial issues relating to both manufacturing and services in China in the context of ongoing managerial reformDiscusses the corporate strategies of both Chinese and foreign companiesExamines the targeting of Chinese and global marketsDetails the globalisation of Chinese business management

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Diabetes Mellitus, a syndrome of disordered metabolism, characterised by abnormal elevation in blood glucose level, has become a life-threatening condition for many people. Current means of therapy for Diabetes Mellitus do not mimic the normal physiological pattern of insulin release. Oral delivery is the preferred route of administration due to its non-invasive nature. Oral delivery of insulin presents an overview of Diabetes Mellitus, and discusses the strategies and techniques adopted for oral delivery of insulin. This title begins with an introductory chapter on symptoms, complications and therapy for Diabetes Mellitus. Subsequent chapters cover the various routes for administering insulin; the challenges and strategies of oral delivery; experimental techniques in the development of an oral insulin carrier; lipids; inorganic nanoparticles and polymers in oral insulin delivery; and a summary and presentation of future perspectives on oral delivery of insulin.Presents an overview of Diabetes MellitusIncludes a discussion of various strategies and techniques adopted for oral delivery of insulinPresents an update of research in the field

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From Basic Biology Towards Biomedical Applications

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Neural Surface Antigens: From Basic Biology towards Biomedical Applications focuses on the functionalrole of surface molecules in neural development, stem cell research, and translational biomedical paradigms.With an emphasis on human and rodent model systems, this reference covers fundamentals of neural stemcell biology and flow cytometric methodology. Addressing cell biologists as well as clinicians working in theneurosciences, the book was conceived by an international panel of experts to cover a vast array of particularsurface antigen families and subtypes. It provides insight into the basic biology and functional mechanisms ofneural cell surface signaling molecules influencing mammalian development, regeneration, and treatments.
Introduces early phase clinical trials of neural stem cells Outlines characterization of surface molecule expression and methods for isolation which open unprecedented opportunities for functional study, quantitation & diagnostics Highlights the role of stem cells in neural surface antigen and biomarker analysis and applications

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Endocrine Disruption and Human Health starts with an overview of what endocrine disruptors are, the issues surrounding them, and the source of these chemicals in the ecosystem. This is followed by an overview of the mechanisms of action and assay systems. The third section includes chapters written by specialists on different aspects of concern for the effects of endocrine disruption on human health. Finally, the authors consider the risk assessment of endocrine disruptors and the pertinent regulation developed by the EU, the US FDA, as well as REACH and NGOs. The book has been written for researchers and research clinicians interested in learning about the actions of endocrine disruptors and current evidence justifying concerns for human health but is useful for those approaching the subject for the first time, graduate students, and advanced undergraduate students.
Provides readers with access to a range of information from the basic mechanisms and assays to cutting-edge research investigating concerns for human health Presents a comprehensive, translational look at all aspects of endocrine disruption and its effects on human health Offers guidance on the risk assessment of endocrine disruptors and current relevant regulatory considerations

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Human sensory perception of clothing involves a series of complex interactive processes, including physical responses to external stimuli, neurophysiological processes for decoding stimuli through the biosensory and nervous systems inside the body, neural responses to psychological sensations, and psychological processes for formulating preferences and making adaptive feedback reactions.

Clothing biosensory engineering is a systematic and integrative way of translating consumers biological and sensory responses, and psychological feelings and preferences about clothing, into the perceptual elements of design. It is a link between scientific experimentation and commercial application to develop economic solutions to practical technical problems.

Clothing biosensory engineering quantifies the decision-making processes through which physics, mathematics, neurophysiological and engineering techniques are applied to optimally convert resources to meet various sensory requirements visual/thermal/mechanical. It includes theoretical and experimental observations, computer simulations, test methods, illustrations and examples of actual product development.Describes the process of Clothing biosensory engineering in detailQuantifies the decision making processes applied to optimally convert resources to meet various sensory requirementsIncludes theoretical and experimental observations and examples of actual product development

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PIC32 Microcontrollers and the Digilent Chipkit

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PIC32 Microcontrollers and the Digilent chipKIT: Introductory to Advanced Projects will teach you about the architecture of 32-bit processors and the hardware details of the chipKIT development boards, with a focus on the chipKIT MX3 microcontroller development board. Once the basics are covered, the book then moves on to describe the MPLAB and MPIDE packages using the C language for program development. The final part of the book is based on project development, with techniques learned in earlier chapters, using projects as examples.

Each projectwill have a practical approach, with in-depth descriptions and program flow-charts with block diagrams, circuit diagrams, a full program listing and a follow up on testing and further development.

With this book you will learn:
State-of-the-art PIC32 32-bit microcontroller architecture How to program 32-bit PIC microcontrollers using MPIDE, MPLAB, and C language Core features of the chipKIT series development boards How to develop simple projects using the chipKIT MX3 development board and Pmod interface cards how to develop advanced projects using the chipKIT MX3 development boards Demonstrates how to use the PIC32 series of microcontrollers in real, practical applications, and make the connection between hardware and software programming Usage of the PIC32MX320F128H microcontroller, which has many features of the PIC32 device and is included on the chipKIT MX3 development board Uses the highly popular chipKIT development boards, and the PIC32 for real world applications, making this book one of a kind

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Mechanical Engineers Reference Book, 12th Edition is a 19-chapter text that covers the basic principles of mechanical engineering.  The first chapters discuss the principles of mechanical engineering, electrical and electronics, microprocessors, instrumentation, and control. The succeeding chapters deal with the applications of computers and computer-integrated engineering systems; the design standards; and materials properties and selection. Considerable chapters are devoted to other basic knowledge in mechanical engineering, including solid mechanics, tribology, power units and transmission, fuels and combustion, and alternative energy sources. The remaining chapters explore other engineering fields related to mechanical engineering, including nuclear, offshore, and plant engineering. These chapters also cover the topics of manufacturing methods, engineering mathematics, health and safety, and units of measurements.  This book will be of great value to mechanical engineers.

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Handbook of Cosmeceutical Excipients and their Safeties

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Cosmeceuticals are the latest additions to the health industry and have an ever-expanding market. They are considered to be a marriage between cosmetics and drugs and are defined as preparations applied on the body that may modify the physiological functions of the skin. However, as more cosmeceuticals are being launched in the market and more types of drugs are incorporated into the formulation, the composition of cosmeceuticals is becoming more complex. Handbook of Cosmeceutical Excipients and their Safeties summarises the current evidence relating to cosmeceuticals side effects and highlights the important information that practitioners and consumers need to know, as well as ways to avoid the adverse effects of the excipients. Handbook of Cosmeceutical Excipients and their Safeties includes chapters covering topics such as the history of cosmeceuticals and the laws that regulate them, skin permeation, carcinogenicity as a systemic adverse effect and dermatitis as a topical adverse effect. It concludes with an appendix that gives brief information on the potency and permeability of common ingredients in cosmeceuticals. The appendix aims to highlight the maximum allowable quantity of each ingredient to ensure product safety for consumers. The appendix was prepared by compiling the ingredients of 257 products containing more than 500 compounds, collected from a hospital pharmacy in Singapore.Focuses on the practical aspect of adverse effects from cosmeceuticalsExplains the regulatory framework of cosmeceuticalsGives an idea of how excipients and drugs in cosmeceuticals enter the skin and methods of control

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K Y Heng, T Y Kei, K J Singh, Li Hairui, Poh Ai-Ling, K Lifeng

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Digital Design and Computer Architecture, ARM Edition

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Digital Design and Computer Architecture: ARM Edition covers the fundamentals of digital logic design and reinforces logic concepts through the design of an ARM microprocessor. Combining an engaging and humorous writing style with an updated and hands-on approach to digital design, this book takes the reader from the fundamentals of digital logic to the actual design of an ARM processor. By the end of this book, readers will be able to build their own microprocessor and will have a top-to-bottom understanding of how it works.

Beginning with digital logic gates and progressing to the design of combinational and sequential circuits, this book uses these fundamental building blocks as the basis for designing an ARM processor. SystemVerilog and VHDL are integrated throughout the text in examples illustrating the methods and techniques for CAD-based circuit design. The companion website includes a chapter on I/O systems with practical examples that show how to use the Raspberry Pi computer to communicate with peripheral devices such as LCDs, Bluetooth radios, and motors.

This book will be a valuable resource for students taking a course that combines digital logic and computer architecture or students taking a two-quarter sequence in digital logic and computer organization/architecture.
Covers the fundamentals of digital logic design and reinforces logic concepts through the design of an ARM microprocessor. Features side-by-side examples of the two most prominent Hardware Description Languages (HDLs)SystemVerilog and VHDLwhich illustrate and compare the ways each can be used in the design of digital systems. Includes examples throughout the text that enhance the readers understanding and retention of key concepts and techniques. The Companion website includes a chapter on I/O systems with practical examples that show how to use the Raspberry Pi computer to communicate with peripheral devices such as LCDs, Bluetooth radios, and motors. The Companion website also includes appendices covering practical digital design issues and C programming as well as links to CAD tools, lecture slides, laboratory projects, and solutions to exercises.

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Clinical and Organizational Applications of Applied Behavior Analysis

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Applied behavior analysts use applied research to create and implement effective evidence-based procedures in schools, homes, and the community, which have proved effective in addressing behaviors associated with autism and other developmental disorders. The principles underlying this therapeutic approach have been increasingly effective when applied to other populations, settings, and behaviors. Clinical and Organizational Applications of Applied Behavior Analysis explores data-based decision-making in depth to inform treatment selection for behavior change across various populations and contexts. Each chapter addresses considerations related to data collection, single-case research design methodology, objective decision-making, and visual inspection of data. The authors reference a range of published research methods in the area of applied behavior analysis (ABA) as it has been applied to specific topics, as well as utilizing their own clinical work by providing numerous case examples.
Reviews current evidence-based practices to provide a comprehensive guide to the application of ABA principles across a range of clinical contexts and applications Divides clinical applications into three sections for ease-of-use: child, adult, and broad-based health Explores the breadth of ABA-based treatment beyond autism and developmental disorders Draws upon a range of subject-matter experts who have clinical and research experience across multiple uses of ABA

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Henry S. Roane, Joel E. Ringdahl, Terry S. Falcomata

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The Role of Cytokines in Disease Related to Immune Response

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The Cytokines of the Immune System catalogs cytokines and links them to physiology and pathology, providing a welcome and hugely timely tool for scientists in all related fields. In cataloguing cytokines, it lists their potential for therapeutic use, links them to disease treatments needing further research and development, and shows their utility for learning about the immune system. This book offers a new approach in the study of cytokines by combining detailed guidebook-style cytokine description, disease linking, and presentation of immunologic roles.
Supplies new ideas for basic and clinical research Provides cytokine descriptions in a guidebook-style, cataloging the origins, structures, functions, receptors, disease-linkage, and therapeutic potentials Offers a textbook-style view on the immune system with the immunologic role of each cytokine

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Laser shock peening (LSP) is a relatively new surface treatment for metallic materials. LSP is a process to induce compressive residual stresses using shock waves generated by laser pulses. LSP can greatly improve the resistance of a material to crack initiation and propagation brought on by cyclic loading and fatigue. This pioneering book was the first of its kind to consolidate scattered knowledge into one comprehensive volume. It describes the mechanisms of LSP and its substantial role in improving fatigue performance in terms of modification of microstructure, surface morphology, hardness and strength. In particular it describes numerical simulation techniques and procedures which can be adopted by engineers and research scientists to design, evaluate and optimise LSP processes in practical applications.Provides for the first time, a comprehensive coverage of this important areaWritten by two world renowned experts