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All manner of models are used to describe, simulate, extrapolate, and ultimately understand the function of dynamic systems. These sorts of models are usually based upon a mathematical foundation that can be difficult to manipulate especially for students. Modeling for All Scales uses object-oriented programming to erect and evaluate the efficacy of models of small, intermediate and large scale systems. Such models allow users to employ intuitively based symbols and a systems ecology approach. The authors have been leaders in the systems ecology community and have originated much of the scientific vocabulary of the field. After introducing modeling and its benefits, there is a series of chapters detailing the more particular elements of successful simulation. There follows another series of chapters, each devoted to models of different sorts of systems. Small scale models of growth, competition, and evolution give way, successively, to larger and larger scale models such as international trade and the global geobiosphere. Anyone interested in an easy to use approach to modeling complex systems authored by perhaps the most original systems ecologists of the century will want this book. To further enhance the users ability to apply the lessons of this book, there is included a CD-ROM disc which provides the fundamental tools for modeling at all scales.

Key Features
* The book makes it possible to teach modeling and simulation without much prior knowledge of mathematics
* Reasons for modeling and simulation are discussed
* The book makes modeling and simulation fun by keeping focused on simplified overview minimodels that have important principles to science and society
* The steps in successive chapters are arranged so that readers can teach themselves modeling, simulation, and the programming necessary to simulate the systems they diagram
* The CD-ROM has minimodel programs and versions of QuickBasic and EXTEND to run them

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Paul Ehrlich's Receptor Immunology: The Magnificent Obsession describes the background to Paul Ehrlich's immunological works and theories and delves into the substance of his experiments in great detail. By exploring these early developments in immunology, the book lays the foundation for modern concepts, providing immunologists, biomedical researchers, and students the context for the discoveries in their field. The selectionist theory of antibody formation Kinetics of primary and secondary antibody response Quantitative methods of measurement of antigens and antibody Demonstration of passive transfer of immunity from mother to foetus

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The Reproductive Biology of Bats presents the first comprehensive, in-depth review of the current knowledge and supporting literature concerning the behavior, anatomy, physiology and reproductive strategies of bats. These mammals, which occur world-wide and comprise a vast assemblage of species, have evolved unique and successful reproductive strategies through varied anatomical and physiological specialization. These are accompanied by individual and/or group behavioral interactions, usually in response to environmental mechanisms essential to their reproductive success. Is the first book devoted to the reproductive biology of bats Contains in-depth reviews of the literature concerned with bat reproduction Contributors are widely recognized specialists Provides a powerful database for future research

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Elizabeth G. Crichton, Philip H. Krutzsch

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Sex Differences serves as an advanced text for courses in evolutionary and human biology, psychology, and sexuality and gender studies. It also serves as a reference source for academic professionals in these disciplines. The book covers the evolution of sex and sex differences, and sex differences and sexual strategies in non-human and human animals. The final chapter addresses issues of sex and gender in interpersonal relationships, organizations and politics. Diagrams, graphs, charts, and tables illustrate key concepts; cartoons and photos provide visual breaks and an element of humor. Examines sexual differences from a multi-level comparative approach Contains a thorough coverage of literature through 1998 and into 1999 Illustrates pages with a generous use of cartoons, photos, figures, and diagrams Invites bonus learning with special interest boxes interspersed throughout text Presents a critical analysis Includes a combination of feminist and evolutionary thinking

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Preservation of Foods with Pulsed Electric Fields

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Preservation of Foods with Pulsed Electric Fields discusses the basics of high voltage PEF as a low temperature food processing method, and the application of this technology in food preservation. This technology is attracting a great deal of interest around the world because it is more cost effective than conventional systems due to the conservative nature of PEF. This book thoroughly covers the electrical and food engineering aspects, as well as the food science components (i.e. food microbiology, enzyme inactivation kinetics, and sensory evaluation). Fundamentals of high intensity pulsed electric fields Design of PEF processing equipment Biological principles for microbial inactivation in electric fields PEF-induced biological changes PEF inactivation of vegetable cells, spores, and enzymes in foods Food processing by PEF HACCP in PEF processing PEF in the food industry for the new millennium

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Gustavo V. Barbosa-Canovas, Usha R. Pothakamury, M. Marcela Gongora-Nieto, Barry G. Swanson

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Prejudice: The Target's Perspective turns the tables on the way prejudice has been looked at in the past. Almost all of the current information on prejudice focuses on the person holding prejudiced beliefs. This book, however, provides the first summary of research focusing on the intended victims of prejudice. Divided into three sections, the first part discusses how people identify prejudice, what types of prejudice they encounter, and how people react to this prejudice in interpersonal and intergroup settings. The second section discusses the effect of prejudice on task performance, assessment of ones own abilities, self-esteem, and stress. The final section examines how people cope with prejudice, including a discussion of coping mechanisms, reporting sexual harassment, and how identity is related to effective coping. Includes an introduction, the consequences of prejudice, and how to cope with prejudice The editors are top researchers in the field of prejudice All the contributors are major figures in the social psychological analysis of intergroup relationships

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Mims' Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease

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Mims' Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease is the landmark book in the field of infectious disease. The new, revised edition of this work provides a comprehensive, up-to-date description of the mechanisms of microbial infection and the pathogenesis of infectious disease. Presented in a clear, accessible style, it deals in an integrated manner with the spectrum of microorganisms, describing the factors common to all infectious diseases. Molecular biology, pathology, and immunology are brought together to explain the mechanisms for spread, immune response, and recovery. Microbial gene sequencing Up-to-date picture of the global burden of infectious diseases Role of bacterial virulence factors in vivo, as contrasted with possibilities based on in vitro evidence Latest data on combination vaccines, the promise of edible vaccines The spread of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria HIV1 and HIV2; molecular biology, pathogenesis and origin Latest data on tuberculosis - the number one infectious disease worldwide Recent work on papillomaviruses, herpesviruses, BSE and variant CJD Latest data on microbial evasion of immune defences Origin and molecular biology of pandemic influenza Significance of toxins An update on vaccines, prions, immune evasion, microbial ligands and receptors

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Anthony A. Nash, Cedric A. Mims, John Stephen

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This manual is designed as an intensive introduction to the various tools of molecular biology. It introduces all the basic methods of molecular biology including cloning, PCR, Southern (DNA) blotting, Northern (RNA) blotting, Western blotting, DNA sequencing, oligo-directed mutagenesis, and protein expression. Provides well-tested experimental protocols for each technique Lists the reagents and preparation of each experiment separately Contains a complete schedule of experiments and the preparation required Includes study questions at the end of each chapter

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mRNA Formation and Function presents a compendium of techniques geared exclusively toward the understanding of RNA metabolism. It will be particularly useful because a number of different organisms and systems are employed. Isolation and characterization of specific RNA binding proteins RNA metabolism and associated regulatory proteins RNA detection and localization A genetic approach to RNA function

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Metabolic engineering is a new field with applications in the production of chemicals, fuels, materials, pharmaceuticals, and medicine at the genetic level. The field's novelty is in the synthesis of molecular biology techniques and the tools of mathematical analysis, which allow rational selection of targets for genetic modification through measurements and control of metabolic fluxes. The objective is to identify specific genetics or environmental manipulations that result in improvements in yield and productivities of biotechnological processes.

Key features of the book are pathway integration and the focus on metabolic flux as a fundamental determinant of cell physiology. The book keeps mathematical complexity to a minimum, and provides a glossary of biological terms to facilitate use of the book by a broader spectrum of readers. A web page exists to communicate updates of the codes and homework problems.
Demonstrates metabolic engineering in action with numerous examples of pathway modification Includes methods for identifying key enzymes in metabolic networks Contains a comprehensive review of metabolic biochemistry Discusses metabolic regulation at the gene, enzyme, operon, and cell levels Explains concepts of stoichiometry, kinetics, and thermodynamics of metabolic pathways Minimizes mathematical complexity Links to a Web page to communicate updates of the software code and homework problems

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George Stephanopoulos, Aristos A. Aristidou, Jens Nielsen

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If you investigate biological systems and might use mass spectrometry in your research but need to know more about it, this book is for you. It introduces the fundamental concepts of mass spectrometry and how mass spectrometers work. It also presents recent advancements particularly interesting to bio-researchers in an easy-to-understand manner that does not require extensive background in chemistry, math, or physics. Glossary of basic terms Abundant illustrations Examples of applications Practical tips on using mass spectrometric techniques Useful for peptide, protein, oligonucleotide, and carbohydrate analysis Simplified description of mass spectrometry including:   Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Fast Atom/Ion Bombardment (FAB)

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Intertidal Fishes describes the fishes inhabiting the narrow strip of habitat between the high and low tide marks along the rocky coastlines of the world. It analyzes the specialized traits of these fishes that have adapted to living in the dynamic and challenging space where they are alternately exposed to the air and submerged in water with the ebb and flow of the tides. This book provides a comprehensive account of fishes largely overlooked in many previous studies of intertidal organisms and emphasizes how they differ from fishes living in other deeper-water habitats. Coverage includes air breathing, movements and homing, sensory systems, spawning and parental care, feeding habits, community structure, systematic relationships, distribution patterns, and the fossil record in the intertidal zone. Written by an international team of 21 experts on intertidal fish biology Worldwide coverage of intertidal fishes Comprehensive phylogenetic listing of all fish families with intertidal members Global biogeographic analysis involving over 700 species from 86 sites Outlines field and laboratory methods pertinent to studying intertidal fishes Thorough ecological coverage with chapters on vertical distribution, movements and homing, reproduction, feeding, and community structure Covers the physiology of aerial and aquatic respiration, osmoregulation, and sensory systems

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Michael H. Horn, Karen L.M Martin, Michael A. Chotkowski

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Human Growth and Development pulls together information from leading experts in a variety of fields to create a one-volume resource on the human growth stages, environmental effects, and the research methods scientists should use. This text promises to be a great course-planning guide for instructors in various medical and scientific fields in addition to a thorough reference for further research.

* Both biological and bio-medical approaches to human development.
* Chapters on research methods of growth data collection.
* Annotated reference lists for every chapter.
* Tremendous breadth of knowledge within a single source.

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Mental Health Outcome Evaluation bridges the gap between traditional research and evaluation methods by presenting an alternative to the highly technical and statistical methods developed in the laboratory for mental health care professionals. It focuses on outcome evaluation of mental health services for adults, concentrating on the general principles that can be used to assess the service effectiveness of community health centers, clinics, and private practices. The book presents a formidable argument for descriptive outcome studies through its evaluation of the results and consequences of care and treatment as well as clinician ratings. It is written in a non-technical style, making it accessible to anyone in the mental health industry. Addresses industry efforts to monitor and assess information about results and consequences of mental health care and treatment Evaluates use of clinician ratings as outcome information Offers accessible general principles for managers and mental health services researchers Presents the best argument for descriptive outcome studies

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Behavioral, Health, and Social Differentials of Adult Mortality

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The simplicity of using one data set in addressing the relationship of single variables to mortality distinguishes Living and Dying in the USA from other recent investigations of mortality. The authors use the recently released National Health Interview Survey and the National Death Index to make a definitive statement about demographics and mortality. By surveying demographic and sociocultural characteristics associated with mortality, socioeconomic effects, health-related conditions, and health status, they reveal connections among several factors related to mortality chances. Easily understood and cited, their study emphasizes the statistical methods underlying their revelations and invites readers to duplicate their results. Comprehensive coverage of US adult mortality differentials Based on a new and innovative data set Includes factors rarely examined in related mortality research Not only documents mortality differentials, but explores explanations for them Extensive list of references associated with each chapter Consistent, straightforward methodology used throughout aids readers in both understanding the content and in comparing results from chapter to chapter

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Richard G. Rogers, Robert A. Hummer, Charles B. Nam

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Immunology: The Making of a Modern Science

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Immunology has progressed in spectacular fashion in the last four decades. Studies of the response to infectious agents, transplanted organs and tumours (and the potential to manipulate that response), and the study of the immune system as a model system in molecular cell biology have yielded dramatic advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of immunity.
The field has attracted a continuous stream of the brightest theoretical and experimental scientists for over forty years. This book conveys the philosophies and approaches of sixteen of the most successful of these scientists in the form of a series of narratives that describe the circumstances that led to a major discovery in immunology. Contributors not only recall an exciting period of research that helped shape modern immunology, but set it in the personal context of place and time. Jacques Miller, for example, describes the discovery of the function of the thymus, Rolf Zinkernagel explains how experiments on viral immunity led to the discovery of MHC restriction and Susumu Tonegawa provides an account of how antibody gene structure was defined. Medically-important discoveries include descriptions of early studies of autoimmunity by Noel Rose and of tumour immunology by George and Eva Klein.
Far from being a collection of disinterested, historical accounts, this volume comprises a series of passionately biographical, personal essays that provide an unusually intimate insight into the scientific process. This book will be essential, and fascinating, reading for all those with an interest in immunology, and in the life sciences in general. For students and teachers, this will provide the background necessary for a true understanding of immunology, and to place subsequent discoveries in perspective.

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Richard B. Gallagher, Jean Gilder, Gustav J.V. Nossal, Gaetano Salvatore

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Platelets have long been the subject of much investigation in the areas of vascular physiology, biochemistry, immunology and physiopathology. Their ability to react to environmental stimuli, to modify their shape and metabolism despite being anuclear, has fascinated scientists.This volume looks specifically at the involvement of blood platelets outside their 'classical' field of application, in the physiopathological mechanics of allergy and inflammation. The coverage includes the role of platelets in bacterial, parasitic and viral diseases and in tumour cell interactions.

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The second edition of Horizontal Gene Transfer has been organized to provide a concise and up-to-date coverage of the most important discoveries in this fascinating field. Written by the most prominent gene transfer and genome analytical scientists, this book details experimental evidence for the phenomenon of horizontal gene transfer and discusses further evidence provided by the recent completion of genomic sequences from Archea, Bacteria, and Eucarya members. The relevance of horizontal gene transfer to plant and metazoan taxonomy, GM foods, antibiotic resistance, paleontology, and phylogenetic reconstruction is also explored. Horizontal Gene Transfer is essential for microbiologists, geneticists, biochemists, evolutionary biologists, infectious disease specialists, paleontologists, ecologists, and researchers working in plant/animal systematics and agriculture with an interest in gene transfer. This includes scientific researchers from government and industry concerned with the release of genetically modified organisms. Up-to-the-minute reviews, maps, conclusions, urls to relevant websites and colour figures Unique chapters, for example one written by paleontologists presents data for horizontal gene transfer from fingerprints form the fossil record

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Theories, Research, and Implications for Social Policy

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For centuries, scholars have debated the causes of aggression and the means to reduce its occurrence. Human Aggression brings together internationally recognized experts discussing the most current psychological research on the causes and prevention of aggression. Scholars, policy makers, practitioners, and those generally concerned with the growing issue of aggression find this a much needed reference work. Topics include how aggression is related to the usage of drugs, how temperature affects aggression, the effect of the mass media on aggression, violence by men against women, and the treatment of anger/aggression in clinical settings. The book also provides a comprehensive review of theory and methodology in the study of aggression. Presents the latest research findings from internationally recognized researchers Familiarizes the reader with implications of aggression research Examines the causes and prevention of aggression Offers perspectives for both the researcher and policy maker

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The Handbook of Religion and Mental Health is a useful resource for mental health professionals, religious professionals, and counselors. The book describes how religious beliefs and practices relate to mental health and influence mental health care. It presents research on the association between religion and personality, coping behavior, anxiety, depression, psychoses, and successes in psychotherapy and includes discussions on specific religions and their perspectives on mental health. Provides a useful resource for religious and mental health professionals Describes the connections between spirituality, religion, and physical and mental health Discusses specific religions and their perspectives on mental health  Presents research on the association between religion and personality, coping behavior, anxiety, depression, psychoses, and successes in psychotherapy