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Redux is a revolutionary new anti-obesity drug that has just been approved (July 1996) by the FDA. It is the first weight management drug treatment to be launched in the United States in 20 years and is not addictive, unlike earlier drugs used for this purpose. Obesity Management and Redux includes a brief introduction which leads up to its discovery and includes an overview of new trends in obesity management. The book lists the pharmacological profile of the drug, given by experts involved in monitoring the effects of the drug on the brain neurotransmitters, as well as detailing the results (including safety data) of the various clinical trials. Covers all aspects of a revolutionary new drug Lists pharmacological profile of the drug Includes safety data Projects future trends in weight management

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Are infectious diseases caused by novel entities, viruses that have rapidly evolved into more pathogenic forms, or viruses that have crossed species divides and become more virulent in their alternative host? These questions and how new diseases such as AIDS emerged have prompted renewed interest in the ways viruses originated and co-evolved with their hosts.
Origin and Evolution of Viruses presents a full and clear description of general viral concepts and specific viral systems, and provides an excellent foundation to our understanding of how viruses emerged.
This unique and comprehensive work is essential reading for all researchers in virology, molecular biology and related areas, as well as evolutionary biologists interested in phylogenetic approaches to molecular evolution. The reader is taken on an illumination journey--in time and concepts--from the first primitive replicons to their present-day complex viral counterparts.
Apart from the obvious interest, as humans are potential hosts for these viruses, there is also a great deal of academic interest in the evolutionary aspects of this simple group of organisms, since information can be gained about the origin of stains/species and evolutionary patterns that might be applicable to higher species.

The book addresses:
* Nature and evolution of early replicons
* DNA and RNA viruses in both plants and animals
* Viral origin, mutation, and survival
* Antigenic variation in influenza virus
* Interplay between host evolution and DNA virus evolution
* Emergence of viral-induced diseases, e.g. hepatitis, influenza and HIV

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Esteban Domingo, Robert G. Webster, John F. Holland

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The Effects of Gender on Skeletal Health

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Osteoporosis in men is an important clinical problem that has received little attention, both in the medical arena and from the general public. Although the condition affects a higher percentage of women, it is estimated that two million men in the U.S. have osteoporosis, and three million more are at risk. The lack of awareness by doctors and their patients puts men at a higher risk that the condition may go undiagnosed and untreated.Osteoporosis in Men is the first book to explore this issue in depth. This groundbreaking text brings together eminent investigators and clinicians who interpret developments in this emerging field, and describe state-of-the-art research as well as practical approaches to diagnosis, prevention and therapy. It is an essential reference for researchers, students, and clinicians in bone-related disciplines.

Key Features* Provides the first complete description of osteoporosis in men--epidemiology, clinical character, basic aspects, and research directions* Discusses appropriate diagnostic, prevention, and treatment options* Covers a wide range of topics, including the economic impact of fractures on health care expenses* Includes a description of the roles of androgen and estrogen in men* Discusses bone mass measurements and their clinical utility* Explores the essential role of gender in the manifestations of osteoporosis. How is this disorder different in men, and how can we learn from these differences?

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Nuclear Structure and Gene Expression assimilates the contributions of genome organization and of the components of the nuclear matrix to the control of DNA and RNA synthesis. Nuclear domains which accommodate DNA replication and gene expression are considered in relation to short-term developmental and homeostatic requirements as well as to long-term commitments to phenotypic gene expression in differentiated cells. Consideration is given to the involvement of nuclear structure in gene localization as well as to the targeting and concentration of transcription factors. Aberrations in nuclear architecture associated with and potentially functionally related to pathologies are evaluated. Tumor cells are described from the perspective of the striking modifications in both the composition and organization of nuclear components. Nuclear Structure and Gene Expression presents concepts as well as experimental approaches, which define functionality of nuclear morphology.

* Mechanisms of interaction between nuclear structure and genes
* Gene expression regulation by elements of the nuclear matrix
* How nuclear structure exerts a regulatory effect on other aspects of cell function/physiology

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R. Curtis Bird, Wilfred D. Stein, Jane B. Lian, Janet L. Stein

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Nutrient Metabolism defines the molecular fate of nutrients and other dietary compounds in humans, as well as outlining the molecular basis of processes supporting nutrition, such as chemical sensing and appetite control. It focuses on the presentation of nutritional biochemistry; and the reader is given a clear and specific perspective on the events that control utilization of dietary compounds. Slightly over 100 self-contained chapters cover all essential and important nutrients as well as many other dietary compounds with relevance for human health. An essential read for healthcare professionals and researchers in all areas of health and nutrition who want to access the wealth of nutrition knowledge available today in one single source.

Key Features
* Highly illustrated with relevant chemical structures and metabolic pathways
* Foreword by Steven Zeisel, Editor-in-chief of the Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
* First comprehensive work on the subject

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Zuckerman received his Ph.D. in psychology from New York University, Graduate School of Arts and Science in 1954 with a specialization in clinical psychology. After graduation, he worked for three years as a clinical psychologist in state hospitals in Norwich, Connecticut and Indianapolis, Indiana. While in the latter position the Institute for Psychiatric Research was opened in the same medical center where he was working as a clinical psychologist. He obtained a position there with a joint appointment in the department of psychiatry. This was his first interdisciplinary experience with other researchers in psychiatry, biochemistry, psychopharmacology, and psychology.
His first research areas were personality assessment and the relation between parental attitudes and psychopathology. During this time, he developed the first real trait-state test for affects, starting with the Affect Adjective Check List for anxiety and then broadening it to a three-factor trait-state test including anxiety, depression, and hostility (Multiple Affect Adjective Check List). Later, positive affect scales were added.
Toward the end of his years at the institute, the first reports of the effects of sensory deprivation appeared and he began his own experiments in this field. These experiments, supported by grants from NIMH, occupied him for the next 10 years during his time at Brooklyn College, Adelphi University, and the research labs at Albert Einstein Medical Center in Philadelphia. This last job was his second interdisciplinary experience working in close collaboration with Harold Persky who added measures of hormonal changes to the sensory deprivation experiments. He collaborated with Persky in studies of hormonal changes during experimentally (hypnotically) induced emotions.
During his time at Einstein, he established relationships with other principal investigators in the area of sensory deprivation and they collaborated on the book Sensory Deprivation: 15 years of research edited by John Zubek (1969). His chapter on theoretical constructs contained the idea of using individual differences in optimal levels of stimulation and arousal as an explanation for some of the variations in response to sensory deprivation. The first sensation seeking scale (SSS) had been developed in the early 1960's based on these constructs.
At the time of his move to the University of Delaware in 1969, he turned his full attention to the SSS as the operational measure of the optimal level constructs. This was the time of the drug and sexual revolutions on and off campuses and research relating experience in these areas to the basic trait paid off and is continuing to this day in many laboratories. Two books have been written on this topic: Sensation Seeking: Beyond the Optimal Level of Arousal, 1979; Behavioral Expressions and Biosocial Bases of Sensation Seeking, 1994. Research on sensation seeking in America and countries around the world continues at an unabated level of journal articles, several hundred appearing since the 1994 book on the subject.

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This is the first in a series of volumes concerning the properties of the eukaryotic nucleus. Contributions from several of the most active laboratories are brought together to present a focused overview of a selected aspect of nuclear structure and function.

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Offering detailed protocols for those needing to construct a variety of maps and isolate genes, this unique book is intended to popularize the new techniques of genome analysis derived from the Human Genome Project. The power of these new methods is often most striking when applied to problems outside of human genetics, particularly the nonmammalian systems on which many researchers focus. Many of these organisms are economically important and biologically rich.<br>Nonmammalian Genomic Analysis: A Practical Guide covers the "how to" aspects of preparation, handling, cloning, and analysis of large DNA and the creation of chromosome and genome maps. This lab manual facilitates the transfer of these technologies to small "low tech" environments and allows them to be used by those with no background in genome mapping or large-fragment cloning. Like having a local expert, this collection provides procedures for anyone, anywhere, and allows the replication of others' success. Includes detailed and clearly-written step-by-step protocols Evinces expected results and offers trouble shooting advice Provides techniques appropriate for small laboratories as well as those with limited resources Covers a broad variety of cloning systems, including single copy vectors Discusses a diverse range of organisms, from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, from single-celled organisms to highly complex organisms

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The FactsBook Series has established itself as the best source of easily accessible and accurate facts about protein groups. They use an easy-to-follow format and are researched and compiled by experts in the field. This Factsbook is devoted to nuclear receptors. The first section presents an introduction and describes the mode of action of the receptors in general. The second section of the book contains detailed entries covering each type of receptor. Entries provide information on: Nomenclature and structure, Isolation, DNA binding properties, Ligands, Expression, Target genes, Knockouts, Disease association, Gene structure, promoter and isoforms, Chromosomal location, Amino acid sequences, Key references

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Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research

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This volume and its companion Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research: Biology and Management represent the most comprehensive publications of their type on nonhuman primates. This volume addresses the diseases of nonhuman primates with an emphasis on the etiological factors, clinical signs, diagnostic pathology, therapy, and management. Its companion volume serves as a general reference for those who provide care for these animals and for those who use them in biomedical research.

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Bruce Taylor Bennett, Christian R. Abee, Roy Henrickson

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Nonisotopic Probing, Blotting, and Sequencing

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Since the publication of Nonistopic DNA Probe Techniques in 1992, the move away from radioactive materials for research and diagnostics has continued. This is due in part to public awareness of the hazards of radioactive waste and laws making radioactive disposal more difficult and costly and to improvement in both the sensitivity and convenience of nonisotopic techniques. Several new nonisotopic techniques have been developed and substantial improvements made to existing nonisotopic methods since 1992, and these are now included in Nonisotopic Probing, Blotting, and Sequencing.

Nonisotopic Probing, Blotting, and Sequencing is an updated, expanded edition of the bestseller, Nonisotopic DNA Probe Techniques. It has been thoroughly revised to include the latest improvements in nonisotopic tagging techniques for macromolecules. Like its predecessor, it enables researchers to select the best nonisotopic method for their needs and maximize success by following its straightforward protocols.
Provides strategies and detailed procedures for labeling, blotting, and probing specific nucleic acid sequences and, with this edition, protein molecules Gives protocols for nonisotopic DNA sequencing - new in this edition Gives extensive, practical information Presents background information for each method Provides expert accounts from the inventor or developer of each method Contains seven entirely new chapters Covers all major types of nonisotopic procedures for labeling and detection

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Strategies for Discovery and Clinical Testing

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Novel Anticancer Agents offers pertinent basic science information on strategies used for the rational design and discovery of novel anticancer agents, and, in addition, translational studies involving clinical trial design and execution with these novel, mostly cytostatic agents. This book covers basic science strategies that are being used in drug discovery and preclinical evaluation focused on novel molecular targets, as well as clinical trial methodology including clinical pharmacokinetics and imaging to address issues of efficacy evaluation of the new, relatively non-cytotoxic anticancer agents.

At present, there is no book that provides such an integration of basic and clinical studies of novel anticancer agents, covering both drug discovery and translational research extensively.
Addresses the critical issues involved in the development of novel agents for cancer therapy by experts in the field Presents drug discovery strategies Discusses regulatory issues surrounding drug development

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The gas nitric oxide (NO) has burst upon neuroscience only recently, and yet it has permeated into almost every avenue of current research. The unique properties of this novel messenger have revolutionized our way ofthinking about neurotransmission. These special properties have also lead neuroscientists to invoke NO to explain many previously unexplained phenomena in neurobiology. Fortunately, the development of numerous pharmacological agents is now allowing thesehypotheses to be tested.This volume will provide a synopsis of what is now known about NO. How and where NO is produced, how it acts at the molecular level to activate the synthesis of cGMP, and the possible targets of cGMP in the nervous system are reviewed. The roles of theNO/cGMP signal transduction pathway in the central and peripheral nervous systems, in glial cells, and in neuropathology are then explored. Together, these reviews will lead to further work explaining the varied functions of NO.

Key Features* Describes how and why NO is produced in the nervous system* Examines all that is known of NOs role as a neurotransmitter* Explores cellular actions and physiological roles in the brain and peripheral nervous systemCovers NOs molecular synthesis to its role in neuropathology

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Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research

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Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research: Biology and Management represents the most comprehensive publication of its type on nonhuman primates. It also provides basic information on the biology and management of primates for anyone responsible for the care and use of these animals. A related book on primate diseases will be published in 1996. Stresses the following major topics:   Biology and medical management Reproductive physiology and breeding Nutrition Biohazards

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Bruce Taylor Bennett, Christian R. Abee, Roy Henrickson

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This unique sourcebook serves as a comprehensive reference, bridging the well-established chemistry of nitric oxide and the new and exciting role of nitric oxide as an effector and signaling molecule in numerous biological systems. Nitric Oxide: Principles and Actions relates the chemical properties of the molecule to its possible effects on biological systems, under both normal physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Combining the chemistry and analysis of nitric oxide with newer studies of the relevance of the molecule gives this book a long life, making it extremely useful to researchers in a number of areas. Provides a much needed compilation of what is known about nitric oxide and its properties Enables researchers to understand the importance and use of nitric oxide in systems of study Covers an area of tremendous growth in research Provides the first collection of the roles of nitric oxide in microbial and mammalian systems and as a probe of metalloenzymes Presents the historically important role of nitric oxide in food preservation

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Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a ubiquitous and important messenger in the nervous system, with a wide range of physiological roles. It is involved in the body energy balance and is one of the most potent stimuli of food intake known. NPY also acts to regulate central and peripheral autonomic functions.

This book, written by academic and industrial experts in the field, links the most recent basic experimental knowledge about NPY and its receptors with areas of clinical importance.

This book will be of interest to those working in all areas of research affected by NPY, such as food intake and energy homeostasis, cardiovascular regulation and G-protein-coupled receptors, as well as those interested in the development of drugs as NPY targets.
The hypothalamic role of NPY and its relationship with eating disorders and diabetes The sympathetic nervous system role of NPY and its involvement in cardiovascular disorders Characterization of NPY receptor types and their brain distribution, molecular biology and pharmacology Development of peptide and non-peptide receptor antagonists

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Neurotoxicology: Approaches and Methods provides a unique and comprehensive presentation of the current concepts and state-of-the-art methods for the assessment of neurotoxicity. The book analyzes various techniques available and discusses their strengths and weaknesses. This volume will serve as an excellent desk companion and laboratory guide for all investigators, researchers, clinicians, and students interested in neurotoxicology. The internationally knowngroup of editors divide the book into seven sections: Neuromorphological and Neuropathological Approaches; Neurophysiological Approaches; Neurobehavioral Toxicology; Neurochemical and Biomolecular Approaches; In-Vitro Models; Clinical Neurotoxicology; and Risk Assessment of Neurotoxicity. Each section yields the most up-to-date information by experts in their fields. Meticulously organized and edited, Neurotoxicology: Approaches and Methods is the most authoritative and well-planned neurotoxicology book on the market. Discusses neurobehavioral testing methods for assessment of neural dysfunctions Explains state-of-the-art diagnostic methods, such as clinico-neuropsychological and neurophysiological methods, for patients confronted by neurotoxic problems Discusses In Vitro methods, including aggregating brain cell methods, organotypic cultures, and the use of human neuronal cell lines for the assessment of neurotoxicity Presents step-by-step procedures for many methods Provides state-of-the-art neuromorphological and biomolecular methods and approaches for neurotoxicity investigation

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Neuropsychological Evaluation of the Older Adult

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One of the largest patient populations seen by neuropsychologists are older adults suffering from problems associated with aging. Further, the proportion of the population aged 65 and above is rising rapidly. This book provides a guide to neuropsychological clinicians increasingly called upon to assess this population. The book details in a step-by-step fashion the phases and considerations in performing a neuropsychological assessment of an older patient. It covers procedural details including review of patient's medical records, clinical interview, formal testing, interpretation of test scores, addressing referral questions, and preparing an evaluation report. Outlines a clear, logical approach to neuropsychological evaluation Provides specific clinical practice guidelines for each phase of the evaluation Integrates clinical practice with up-to-date research findings Recommends specific tests for evaluating older adults Details how to interpret test findings and identify the patient's neuropsychological profile Illustrates important points with examples and case materials, many neuropathologically-confirmed Includes forms useful in clinical practice

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Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease

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Neuroscience Perspectives provides multidisciplinary reviews of topics in one of the most divers and rapidly advancing fields in the life sciences. Whether you are a new recruit to neuroscience, or an established expert, look to this series for 'one-stop' sources of the historical, physiological, pharmacological, biochemical, molecular biological, and therapeutic aspects of chosen research areas.

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C. W. Olanow, Peter Jenner, Moussa Youdim

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Neurobiology of Learning and Memory provides an excellent overview of current information on this fast-growing field of neurobiology. The contents have been structured for use as a course text or as a handy resource for researchers in neuro- and cognitive psychology. It discusses learning and memory from developmental, pharmacological, and psychobiological perspectives, as well as changes in learning and memory with age. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory also includes research on invertebrates and vertebrates, presenting basics in anatomy and development along with computational models. It is written in an easy-to-follow format with summaries at the end of each chapter.

Key Features* Provides an overview of information on the neurobiology of learning and memory* Discusses learning and memory from developmental, pharmacological, and psychobiological perspectives, and changes in learning and memory with age* Includes research on invertebrates and vertebrates* Gives basics on anatomy and development* Written for easy comprehension with chapter summaries