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100 Questions (and Answers) About Research Methods

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"How do I create a good research hypothesis?"

"How do I know when my literature review is finished?"

"What is the difference between a sample and a population?"

"What is power and why is it important?"

In an increasingly data-driven world, it is more important than ever for students as well as professionals to better understand the process of research. This invaluable guide answers the essential questions that students ask about research methods in a concise and accessible way.

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The Association Graph and the Multigraph for Loglinear Models

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This practical guide teaches nonstatisticians how to analyze and interpret loglinear models using the multigraph

The Association Graph and the Multigraph for Loglinear Models will help students, particularly those studying the analysis of categorical data, to develop the ability to evaluate and unravel even the most complex loglinear models without heavy calculations or statistical software. This supplemental text reviews loglinear models, explains the association graph, and introduces the multigraph to students who may have little prior experience of graphical techniques, but have some familiarity with categorical variable modeling. The author presents logical step-by-step techniques from the point of view of the practitioner, focusing on how the technique is applied to contingency table data and how the results are interpreted.

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The social work profession comes alive with active learning exercises!

This Second Edition engages introductory social work students in hands-on, collaborative exercises focusing on four key areas in the curriculum: Social Welfare (History, Politics, Policies, and Services); The Social Work Profession; The Practice of Social Work; and A Vision for the Future. Throughout, this workbook challenges students to form their own opinions on many heated debates within key topics and helps them to apply key concepts and theories, creating enthusiasm about the field while helping to develop critical thinking skills.

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Leading Psychoeducational Groups for Children and Adolescents

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This book provides readers with direction on how to organize psychoeducational groups while also helping them enhance skills for effectively leading such groupsall in one comprehensive volume! Offering an applied, pragmatic approach, author Janice L. DeLucia-Waack uniquely integrates research and practice to suggest valuable leadership strategies while addressing special issues such as children of divorce, anger management, bullying behaviors, and much more.

Key Features:

Uses the model of Planning, Performing, and Processing: Based on the Association for Specialists in Group Work (ASGW) Best Practice Guidelines, this book provides an outline for each step from planning a group to designing sessions to implementing them and also evaluating their effectiveness. The book also includes ASGW Professional Standards for Training of Group Workers and ASGW Principles for Diversity-Competent Group Workers. Focuses on the therapeutic relationship and interventions specific to children and teens: Groups for children and adolescents must be designed and implemented differently than groups for adults. What little has been written specifically about psychoeducational groups does not make distinctions based on the age of group members. This is the first book to suggest specific interventions that generate interest and participation on the part of children and adolescents. Provides guidance for the entire spectrum of activities related to leading groups: This book offers practical suggestions for how to effectively use activities in group meetings and chronicles common mistakes to avoid. A variety of learning tools such as suggested activities, sample outlines of group sessions, tables with references for related materials, and much more facilitate student comprehension.
Intended Audience: This is an excellent text for advanced undergraduate and graduate students studying Counseling and Therapy of Children and Adolescents, Social Group Work, and Group Counseling for Education in departments of psychology, social work, and education. It is also a valuable resource for social work practitioners, counselors, and psychologists.

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"Her book takes us on a journey back to the basics of conducting a thorough and informative social history and is an account of what a real social history involves...I recommend this book not only for the novice but also for all clinicians who want an edge on how to accumulate more pertinent information concerning their patients and to guide their treatment."
PSYCCRITIQUES

"...what impresses me about this text is that Andrews uses her love of social history to take a subject that is rarely celebrated and remind us of what is exciting about it."
FAMILIES IN SOCIETY

In the mental health and human service professions, taking a social history assessment marks the start of most therapeutic interventions. Social History Assessment is the first resource to offer practical guidance about interpreting the social history. Author Arlene Bowers Andrews provides rich resources to assist helping professionals as they gather andmost importantlyinterpret information about social relationships in the lives of individuals.

Key Features:
Focuses on interpreting and making meaning of the social history: Humans are complex creatures. Their biology, psychology, and social relations affect their thoughts, emotions, behaviors, and sensations. This book particularly addresses the personal social history, that is, the interpersonal relationships that have influenced the development of the person during the life course. Offers comprehensive guidance on composing a social history: In addition to numerous case examples and a variety of helpful tools such as genograms and ecomaps, the chapters cover ethical issues, core theories of human behavior in the social environment, tips for comprehensively gathering information about and describing the social history, and guidance regarding interpreting the history. Reaches a multidisciplinary audience: Whether the professional comes from social work, psychology, counseling, psychiatry, nursing, or another health or human service discipline, exploring the clients origins helps build rapport and lays the foundation for mutual client-professional assessment. This book offers a common understanding across disciplines of what constitutes an informative social history, with theoretically grounded interpretation, to benefit multidisciplinary teamwork and the client.
Intended Audience:
This is an ideal supplemental text for a variety of advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in Social Work Practice, Direct Practice, Interviewing, Human Behavior in the Social Environment, Family Studies, Education (counseling), Psychology (counseling and clinical), and Nursing. It is also an excellent resource for Social Workers, Counselors, and Psychologists.

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Practical Guidelines for Making Sampling Choices

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Written for students taking research methods courses, this text provides a thorough overview of sampling principles. The author gives detailed, nontechnical descriptions and guidelines with limited presentation of formulas to help students reach basic research decisions, such as whether to choose a census or a sample, as well as how to select sample size and sample type.

Intended for students and researchers in the social and behavioral sciences, public health research, marketing research, and related areas, the text provides nonstatisticians with the concepts and techniques they need to do quality work and make good sampling choices.

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Continuity and Change in the Contemporary Family

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This nonjudgmental, inclusive, and far-reaching text focuses on the diverse patterns of family structure prevalent in our society today. Family Diversity presents empirical research on the internal dynamics, social environments, support factors, prevalence of discrimination, and common stereotypes that account for the issues surrounding current family relations. By examining the history and nature of foster and adoptive, single-parent, lesbian/gay, step- and grandparent family units, Pauline Irit Erera is able to challenge both the idealized family prototype and the hegemony of the traditional structure.

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Working With Layers of Meaning for Productive Relationships

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"Professor Kelletts text is unique among undergraduate texts in its use of narrative theory to understand conflicts and to develop more effective strategies in family and relational conflicts. The most impressive aspect of the text is the rich and compelling stories. Students and practitioners will be able to relate to the stories and learn important conflict analysis techniques and communication skills through them."
Angela Laird Brenton, University of Arkansas at Little Rock

"The text is a wonderful study of the role of archetype in a conflict and the use of narrative. I am impressed with the notion of projection. In a self-focused society we dont often think that the problem may lie within ourselves. The book teaches the skill of self-reflection and helps readers to become more other-centered. I am pleased to read the case studies as they provide fine classroom tools; they are engaging and diverse. Kellett has done much to incorporate narrative into the study of conflict and communication. Conflict Dialogue is a welcome addition to the body of conflict literature and centers communication within that body of literature."
Christopher Lynch, Kean University

Conflicts are more effectively managed if people understand the layers meaning in their conflicts and collaborate based on those meanings. In this book, author Peter M. Kellett analyzes and interprets real-life conflict stories as a way to create opportunities for more productive ways to navigate and resolve conflict.

Key Features:
Examines real, lived experiences of conflict: Real-life conflict stories, from students themselves, illustrate how people actually manage conflict and allow readers to identify with experiences from their own lives. These stories represent the different participants in the conflict allowing readers to compare and contrast the meaning of the conflict from varied perspectives. Addresses diversity in conflicts: Because conflicts are mediated by both personal and cultural issues of identity, case study narratives of diverse cultural relationships and conflicts are included throughout. Blends theoretical depth with practical technique: This book uses an additive approach that builds theoretically grounded technique through four sections. Throughout each chapter, readers get both a sense of the depth and complexity of conflicts and an understanding how dialogic negotiation can be used to create more productive relationships.
Intended Audience:
This is an ideal textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses such as Interpersonal Conflict, Conflict Analysis/Management, Dispute Resolution, and Negotiation in the fields of Communication, Sociology, Psychology, Human Resources, and Business & Management. It is also an excellent resource for scholars, researchers, and practitioners in the areas of conflict and dispute resolution.

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The study of argumentation has primarily focused on logical and dialectical approaches, with minimal attention given to the rhetorical facets of argument. Rhetorical Argumentation: Principles of Theory and Practice approaches argumentation from a rhetorical point of view and demonstrates how logical and dialectical considerations depend on the rhetorical features of the argumentative situation. Throughout this text, author Christopher W. Tindale identifies how argumentation as a communicative practice can best be understood by its rhetorical features.

Rhetorical Argumentation uniquely presents argumentation through the idea of an invitational rhetoric by encouraging readers to think about the ways in which they encounter arguments. The book explores the processes involved in the argumentative exchanges between arguers and audiences-thus, emphasizing the collaborative nature of the arguer-audience relationship in the argumentative situation. That is, argument is presented not as a set of ideas imposed upon a passive audience, but rather as a dynamic exchange wherein the audience is involved in self-persuasion.

Key Features:

Explores the ancient foundations of rhetoric, from Aristotle to the relatively contemporary works of Perelman and Olbrechts-Tytecta, Toulmin, and Bakhtin

Includes numerous examples illustrating the ways in which the reasoning within arguments involves the audience from premise through to conclusion

Presents the idea of "dialogism" drawn from the theories of Mikhail Bakhtin to create a more dynamic and interactive sense of the argumentative context

Examines current theory as well as the historical relationship between argument and rhetoric

Provides detailed discussions of topics such as nature of the dialogical, rhetorical context, audiences, and standards of appraisal.

Rhetorical Argumentation is designed to provide advanced undergraduate and graduate students with a clear understanding of the rhetorical view of argumentation and how it can be effective in contemporary society. The book is an ideal text for courses in Communication, Rhetoric, Argumentation, Informal Logic, Critical Thinking, and Conflict Resolution.

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Essays on Communication, Organization, and Identity

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"Eisenbergs book is refreshing, in addition to its theoretical merits, for the presence of a distinctive human voice, unafraid to express passion, anger and hope. Readers will benefit enormously from the substance of his book, but also from its form."
HUMAN RELATIONS

In Strategic Ambiguities: Essays on Communication, Organization, and Identity, Eric M. Eisenberg, an internationally recognized leader in the theory and practice of organizational communication, collects and reflects upon more than two decades of his writing. Strategic Ambiguities is a provocative journey through the development of a new aesthetics of communication that rejects fundamentalisms and embraces a contingent, life-affirming worldview.

Strategic Ambiguities:

Explores the role of language and communication in the construction of social structures and personal identities. Provides a useful intellectual and historical context for students through framing chapters and head notes developed especially for this volume.Chronicles the historical development of an important argument about communicating and organizing through the sustained focus on a single theorist.

Intended Audience:
This text is designed for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses such as Organizational Communication, Communication Theory, and Organizational Behavior in the fields of Communication, Business & Management, and Educational Leadership.

"This collection of essays is insightful, thought-provoking, and forward-looking. Eric Eisenberg takes on challenging positions, writes in a cogent and accessible manner, and always stimulates new scholarship. This work will be an important teaching tool, not just for the innovative content of the writing, but also for the historical narrative of organizational communication embedded in it." Steve May, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

"Lay audiences will find the text rich with evocative narratives even as the theoretical moves will engage students and teacher-scholars. This edited compilation is likely to serve as a springboard for future inquiry and an invaluable resource for teaching and learning in undergraduate and graduate communication courses." THE REVIEW OF COMMUNICATION

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Freedom of Expression in the Marketplace of Ideas

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A comprehensive guide to effective participation in the public debate about our most indispensable right: freedom of expression
Encouraging readers to think critically about freedom of speech and expression and the diverse critical perspectives that challenge the existing state of the law, this text provides a comprehensive analysis of the historical and legal contexts of the First Amendment, from its early foundations all the way to censorship on the Internet. Throughout the book, authors Douglas M. Fraleigh and Joseph S. Tuman use the "Marketplace of Ideas" metaphor to help readers visualize a world where the exchange of ideas is relatively unrestrained and self-monitored.

The text provides students with the opportunity to read significant excerpts of landmark decisions and to think critically about the issues and controversies raised in these cases. Students will appreciate the treatment of contemporary issues, including free speech in a post-9/11 world, free expression in cyberspace, and First Amendment rights on college campuses.

Features:
Demystifies free speech law, encouraging readers to grapple with the complexities of significant ethical and legal issues Sparks student interest in "big picture" issues while simultaneously covering important foundational material, including incitement, fighting words, true threats, obscenity, indecency, child pornography, hate speech, time place and manner restrictions, symbolic expression, restrictions on the Internet, and terrorism. Includes significant excerpts from landmark freedom of expression cases, including concurring or dissenting opinions where applicable, to help students become active learners of free expression rights Offers critical analysis and alternative perspectives on free expression doctrines to demonstrate that existing doctrine is not necessarily ideal or immutable Includes a global perspective on free expression including a chapter on international and comparative perspectives that helps students see how the values of different cultures influence judicial decisions

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Place-Based Science Teaching and Learning

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Forty classroom-ready science teaching and learning activities for elementary and middle school teachers

Grounded in theory and best-practices research, this practical text provides elementary and middle school teachers with 40 place-based activities that will help them to make science learning relevant to their students. This text provides teachers with both a rationale and a set of strategies and activities for teaching science in a local context to help students engage with science learning and come to understand the importance of science in their everyday lives.

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Mapping geographies of power and knowledge in qualitative research

"In this foundational tome, Professor Celine-Marie Pascale critiques methodology in relationship to specific qualitative methods and argues cogently that despite good intentions, most of this research is still tethered to the Cartesian paradigm thus limiting its emancipatory potential. This is an impressive book that will likely become a classic!"
Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, Duke University, co-author with Tukufu Zuberi, White Logic, White Methods: Racism and Methodology

2012 Winner of the International Congress of Qualitative Inquiry Distinguished Book Award!

Using clear language and concrete examples, this text examines theoretical and historical foundations that shape the premise and logic of qualitative social research. It analyzes qualitative methodology and methods in relationship to issues of agency, subjectivity, and experience. Rooted to feminist, critical race, and post-structural literature, it is concerned with social justice as it critiques current research paradigms and advances broad alternatives.

This is an ideal text for students in graduate-level courses in Methodology, Epistemology, Qualitative Research Methods, Data Analysis, Ethnomethodology, Symbolic Interaction, Phenomenology, Grounded Theory, and related courses the social, behavioral, and health sciences.

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This introductory text presents basic principles of social science research through maps, graphs, and diagrams. The authors show how concept maps and mind maps can be used in quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research, using student-friendly examples and classroom-based activities. Integrating theory and practice, chapters show how to use these tools to plan research projects, "see" analysis strategies, and assist in the development and writing of research reports.

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Overcoming Barriers to an Effective Group Experience

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"They have done this with a rich, provocative, and creative conceptual vocabulary that will resonate for readers who practice, supervise others practice, teach about or do research in group life and group work."
Paul H. Ephross, MSW, PhD, Professor, University of Maryland School of Social Work

Group Communication Pitfalls: Overcoming Barriers to an Effective Group Experience treats groups and the work involved in grouping as useful tools humans have developed for responding to pressures or demands faced by group members. This book assumes an orientation that expects and detects group pitfalls as they arise, providing students with the foundation for overcoming barriers to effective group experiences. By assuming this orientation, authors John O. Burtis and Paul D. Turman offer readers a map of the group pitfall terrain and demonstrate how people working well together can use the struggle against such pitfalls to improve their groups.

Key Features
Provides students with a unifying theoretical framework and pedagogical orientation, which organizes a very broad range of research findings into tight and useful classifications Takes a comprehensive approach that frames current small group communication literature through a theoretical lens provided by Breakdown-Conducive Group Theory Reviews research findings from a variety of methodological perspectives and directly describes applications of the concepts discussed across each chapter Offers extensive skills enhancing material to help students apply the theoretically based concepts discussed in the book While other texts cover cursory material on group pitfalls and miscommunication, it is the primary focus of this text and gives students practical recommendations to correct those pitfalls. Group Communication Pitfalls is an excellent textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses on small group communication such as Advanced Group Communication, Group Dynamics, and Group Processes. It can also be used as a supplemental text in courses that focus on group interaction.

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"Gilles focuses the majority of the book on the relationship in the classroom between the individual teacher and the students. She gives teachers ammunition to overcome resistance to cooperative learning by presenting well-substantiated research on virtually every page of her book showing the benefits of having students study together."

Ted Wohlfarth, PSYCCRITIQUES
"This texts greatest strengths are bringing together a range of powerful teaching strategies connected to students taking responsibility for their own learning and the learning of others. The focus on both teacher strategies to encourage effective group talk and student strategies to encourage effective discourse is helpful."

Nancy L. Markowitz, San Jose State University

Although cooperative learning is widely endorsed as a pedagogical practice that promotes learning and socialization among students, teachers still struggle with how to introduce it into their classrooms. This text highlights the strategies teachers can use to challenge student thinking and scaffold their learning as well as the strategies students can be taught to promote discourse, problemsolving, and learning during cooperative learning.

Key Features
Presents cooperative learning in conjunction with national standards: The book situates cooperative learning within the context of No Child Left Behind and a climate of high stakes testing.Links theory with practice: Numerous case studies and small group exercises highlight how teachers can assess both the process and outcomes of cooperative learning.Emphasizes the key role teachers play in establishing cooperative learning: Guidelines are given on how teachers can establish cooperative learning in their classrooms to promote student engagement and learning across various levels and for students of diverse abilities.Incorporates the latest research on cooperative learning: An overview is provided of the major research and theoretical perspectives that underpin the development of cooperative learning pedagogy.

Intended Audience

This is an excellent supplementary text for several undergraduate and graduate level K12 teacher preparation and certification courses regularly offered in schools of education. It can also be used as one of several texts in courses on cooperative learning and as a supplement in K12 teaching methods courses.

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Social policy is a continuously evolving field requiring constant review, documentation, and analysis. The Handbook of Social Policy is an attempt to document the now substantial body of knowledge about government social policies that has been accumulated since the study of social policy first emerged as an organized field of academic endeavor about 50 years ago. The Second Edition offers a more streamlined format to make the book more consistent with the way most instructors teach their courses. This text is a comprehensive yet accessible introduction to a vast field of endeavor that has, over the years, made a significant difference to the lives and the well-being of the people of the United States.

New to the Second Edition
Provides up-to-date policies and references to include the latest information on social policy Offers a state of the art account of American social policy at the beginning of the 21st century Presents contributions, including more case studies and examples, from leading experts in their respective areas challenge the norm in thinking about social welfare policy Focuses more attention on diverse populations and international issues Includes added content to reflect the areas that have received increased attention such as advocacy, policy practice, immigration issues, discrimination, and more
Intended Audience
This is excellent text for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses such as History of Social Policy, Education and Social Policy, and International Social Policy in the fields of social policy, public policy and administration, and social work.

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Case Studies in Interdisciplinary Research

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Self-contained case studies teach students best practices in interdisciplinary research

Interdisciplinary research is a burgeoning field, largely due to its ability to tackle complex problems facing humanity that extend beyond a single disciplinary perspective and require interdisciplinary thinking and research for their resolution.

Case Studies in Interdisciplinary Research successfully applies the model of the interdisciplinary research process outlined by author Allen F. Repko in Interdisciplinary Research, (SAGE 2008) to a wide spectrum of challenging research questions. Self-contained case studies, written by leaders in interdisciplinary research, and utilizing best-practice techniques in conducting interdisciplinary research shows students how to apply the interdisciplinary research process to a variety of problems.

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Allen F. Repko, William H. Newell, Rick Szostak

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This book presents a solid, research-based conceptual framework that demystifies organizational learning and bridges the gap between theory and practice. Using an integrative approach, authors Raanan Lipshitz, Victor Friedman and Micha Popper provide practitioners and researchers with tools for understanding organizational learning under real-world conditions.

Key Features:
Tackles the problem of mystification: A clear message is presented that organizational learning and related concepts have been mystified in a way that is unnecessary and dysfunctional to both theory and practice. This book provides a unique set of tools for understanding, promoting, and studying organizational learning. Introduces an integrative theme that addresses three key questions: How can organizations actually learn? What is the key for productive organizational learning? When is productive organizational learning likely to occur? Answering these questions is the key to clarifying the conceptual confusion that plagues the related fields of organizational learning, learning organizations, and knowledge management. Illuminates organizational reality: All of the concepts presented in the book are illustrated through concrete case examples. Detailed analyses are provided of both successful and unsuccessful applications of organizational learning. In addition, examples of interventions to develop organizational learning are included to help managers and consultants.
Intended Audience: This book is designed for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses such as Organizational Learning, Knowledge Management, and Organizational Behavior in the departments of Management, Organizational Behavior, Psychology, and Sociology.

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Raanan Lipshitz, Victor Friedman, Micha Popper

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"The cases in this book identify major tension points which educators face. The reflective case commentaries, from numerous and varied experts in the field, provide real-life experiences for teacher candidates that they will doubtless encounter in their professional journeys. Cases for Teacher Development: Preparing for the Classroom is a wonderful supplement for any introductory course in an education program."
Carol Wareing, Merrimack College

"The greatest strength of the book is inclusion of realistic voices from the fieldthe cases are written by real teachers who have encountered actual issues in their daily practices. These cases would be a valuable addition to my course."
Andrew C. Kemp, University of Louisville

"This is a very well-written book that could be useful in a variety of settings. The cases presented will work in a number of situations and be appropriate for a number of different classes, such as preservice, student teaching, leadership, mentoring, etc. The timely topics presented make this a distinctive contribution to the literature."
Allan Cook, University of Illinois, Springfield

"The strength of the case study approach is allowing students to encounter dilemmas in teaching prior to entering the field. This would be a great book for use with a class of undergraduates."
Delores D. Liston, Georgia Southern University

"I really enjoyed reading Cases for Teacher Development: Preparing for the Classroom. The book is distinctive and superior in that the cases depict situations most teachers encounter."
Georgianna Short, Ohio State University

With the recent and increasing attention to accountability and standards, teacher preparation programs are more than ever in need of tools that vicariously acquaint future teachers with the difficult situations they will face. Cases for Teacher Development: Preparing for the Classroom is the perfect catalyst for this sort of teacher development. The cases encourage students to immerse themselves in classroom situations before they begin their practice, helping them link theory and experience. All of the cases present relevant situations that replicate the complicated, multitasked, and interrelated realms of the teacher.

Key Features

Represents a variety of teacher stages, from preservice to retirement
Addresses many interrelated and complicated issues in teaching, moving between students, curriculum, and subject knowledge
Includes questions that focus directly on the case at hand, as well as case commentaries from renowned experts that broaden the works scope and suggest new ways to think, act, and improve performance in the classroom
Provides diverse pedagogical sections that clearly involve the reader in issues pertinent to the classroom

After careful consideration and discussion of the cases and case commentaries, beginning teachers will be better equipped to recognize classroom incidents and student behaviors, along with their likely ramifications. Any introduction to teaching course will benefit from Cases for Teacher Development, and both beginning and experienced teachers will find this an essential reference for reflection and refinement of classroom skills.